Forwarded for information at the request of Ruth Dudley Edwards...

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE HQ 0006908
QUEEN?S BENCH DIVISION
MR JUSTICE
B E T W E E N :

DR RUTH DUDLEY EDWARDS
Claimant
- and -
RANDOM HOUSE UK LIMITED
Defendant



STATEMENT IN OPEN COURT




Solicitor for the Claimant, Rose Alexander
My Lord, I appear for Dr Ruth Dudley Edwards, the Claimant, and my friend Ms
Clare Lloyd-Davies appears for the Defendant, Random House UK Limited.
Dr Edwards is a distinguished Irish historian, biographer and writer.. For
many years she has written book reviews for national newspapers and
journals, and occasionally lectured in Ireland, the UK and the USA. Since
1994 she has been a widely published and much-respected political
commentator and columnist in Ireland and the UK who appears frequently on
the BBC, Radio Telefis Eireann and other radio and television stations. She
also writes humorous crime novels satirising the British Establishment.

From 1985 until 1993 Dr Edwards was chairwoman of the British Association
for Irish Studies, known as the BAIS. This organisation was set up as a
non-political body to promote the understanding of Irish history and
culture. Dr Edwards acted on a voluntary basis and devoted a great deal of
time and energy to the aim of the organisation. During her time as
Chairwoman, Dr Edwards kept her political views completely separate from her
work with BAIS and did not attempt to politicise the organisation.

Although tension within the Executive Committee of BAIS did unfortunately
emerge, this was due to a difference of opinion over the relationship of the
BAIS and the Irish Studies Institute at Liverpool University and differing
views on management style. These were the tensions over the Liverpool
University Institute which led to funding difficulties and the dispute over
the 1992 election.


In 1993 Dr Edwards was independently commissioned by the BBC to write a book
about the Foreign Office entitled ?True Brits?. The book was to accompany a
BBC television documentary series entitled ?Inside the Foreign Office? and
its intention was to be an objective insight into the workings of the modern
British Foreign Office. The commission was based on her experience and
ability as a writer.


In September of this year the defendant published a book entitled ?Wherever
Green is Worn: The Story of the Irish Diaspora? written by Tim Pat Coogan.
On pages 174 to 177 of this edition, various references to and various
comments were made about Dr Edwards which were incorrect and highly
damaging. In particular, it suggested that she was unable to divorce her
political views from her work as chairwoman of BAIS and that this somehow
caused the tensions within the organisation. It was also suggested that Dr
Edwards was asked to write ?True Brits? out of political favouriticism
rather than her ability or impartiality

Dr Edwards was horrified by these damaging allegations which go the heart of
her reputation and credibility as a historian and writer. She was not
prepared to let them go unchallenged.

The defendant and the author accepted promptly that these allegations were
false and the defendant is represented here today by its solicitor to
publicly acknowledge this, to apologise to Dr Edwards and to undertake not
to repeat any such allegations. Furthermore, the defendant has agreed to
pay the claimant a substantial sum in damages and her costs. This also
emphasizes the sincerity of this apology. Further, as the defendant has no
desire to cause any further damage to Dr Edwards?s reputation, it has agreed
to remove the pages that refer to her from all subsequent editions and
imprints of the book.

Accordingly Dr Edwards is glad that the matter has now been resolved and
that the defendant has behaved in a responsible manner and in the
circumstances, she is therefore prepared to let the matter rest.

Defendant?s solicitor [ Ms Clare Lloyd-Davies]
My Lord, on behalf of the defendant, I entirely endorse and accept
everything my friend has said. The defendant and the author regret that
these matters were published and now wish to offer their sincere apologies
to the claimant. I can confirm that, that on behalf of the defendant, that
there was no intention to call in to question Dr Edwards?s reputation and
integrity as a historian and writer.

I confirm that the defendant consent to the terms sought in the draft Order.

Claimant?s solicitor, Rose Alexander:
I would respectfully ask Your Lordship for an Order in the terms sought.



???????????. ???????????.
Henry Hepworth Organisation Simons Muirhead & Burton
5 John Street 50 Broadwick Street
London WC1N 2HH London W1
Tel: 020 7539 7200 Tel: 020 7734 4499
Solicitors for the Claimant Solicitors for the Defendant



HQ 0006908

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE

QUEEN?S BENCH DIVISION

B E T W E E N :


RUTH DUDLEY EDWARDS

Claimant


-and-

RANDOM HOUSE UK LIMITED

Defendant




STATEMENT IN OPEN COURT


















H2O
Henry Hepworth Organisation
5, John Street,
London WC1N 2HH

Tel: 020 7539 7200
Fax: 020 7539 7201
Re: JDM/RA/JD/E10-2

Claimant

Forwarded for information at the request of Ruth Dudley Edwards...

IN THE HIGH COURT OF JUSTICE HQ 0006908
QUEENS BENCH DIVISION

B E T W E E N :


RUTH DUDLEY EDWARDS
Claimant

- - and -


RANDOM HOUSE UK LIMITED


Defendant



ORDER


UPON THE PARTIES HAVING AGREED to the terms set out in this Order and in the
Schedule to this Order

AND UPON the Court?s permission for the Statement attached to this Order to
be read in Open Court.

BY CONSENT IT IS ORDERED

The Defendant will pay the Claimant £25,000 (twenty five thousand pounds) in
compensation within 14 days of this Order in respect of all claims (in all
jurisdictions) arising from the words published on pages 171 to 178 (under
the heading ?Two Controversies of Irish Identity?) of a book entitled
?Wherever Green is Worn? and written by Tim Pat Coogan.

Further proceedings in this action be stayed except for the purpose of
carrying out the said terms of this Order and of the Schedule into effect
and for that purpose the parties are at liberty to apply.


SCHEDULE
1. The Defendant undertakes that it will not, whether by itself, its
officers employees agents or howsoever publish or cause to be published the
following defamatory allegations about the Claimant or any similar
allegation, namely that the Claimant:

a. Grovelled and hypocritically ingratiated herself with the English
Establishment to further her writing career

b. Abused her position as Chairwoman of the British Association for Irish
Studies by trying to impose her political views on it:

c. As a result of her unprofessional behaviour, the British Association for
Irish Studies became financially unstable.

d. In the face of causing the collapse of the British Association for Irish
Studies, she unreasonably refused to resign.

2. An erratum, the wording of which has been agreed between the parties (a
copy of which is attached to this Schedule), will be inserted into all
copies of the book that contain the words complained of that are in the
possession control and or custody of the Defendant in all jurisdictions.
Further, the defendant will bring the erratum slip to the attention of all
those libraries which the Defendant knows have purchased a copy of the book
that contains the words complained of and to supply a copy of the second
edition to any library that requests it.

3. The Defendant will remove the words complained of (in their entirety)
from all subsequent editions of the book (in all jurisdictions).


Henry Hepworth Simons Muirhead & Burton
5 John Street 50 Broadwick Street
London WC1N 2HH London W1F 7AG
Tel: 020 7539 7200 Tel: 020 7734 4499
Solicitors for the Claimant Solicitors for the Defendant

DATED this day of December 2000

Forwarded for information at the request of Ruth Dudley Edwards...




?WHEREVER GREEN IS WORN?
BY TIM PAT COOGAN


AN ERRATUM

DR RUTH DUDLEY EDWARDS

PAGES 174 TO 178

There are factual errors in the references to the historian and writer, Dr
Ruth Dudley Edwards, on pages 174 to 178 of this edition of the book. In
particular, we would like to point out that Dr Edwards did not attempt to
politicise the BAIS and that the financial problems encountered by the BAIS
should not be attributed to her.

Furthermore, we accept that Dr Edwards was independently commissioned by the
BBC to write a book about the Foreign Office. This commission was based on
her experience and ability as a writer.

We apologise unreservedly to Dr Ruth Dudley Edwards for the errors in this
edition. We have agreed that all future imprints and editions of the book
will exclude these pages. Likewise, we will provide a substitute copy of the
revised book to any library that requests it.





TIM PAT COOGAN RANDOM HOUSE UK LIMITED

The Irish-Diaspora list does not closely follow the twists and turns of
events in Northern Ireland. But I thought that distant Ir-D might find
useful the following brief summary of the (entirely predictable) farrago
which has led to the resignation of the Secretary of State for Northern
Ireland.

P.O'S.


Forwarded with permission from....


THE IRISH EMIGRANT
_______________________________________________________________________
Editor: Liam Ferrie January 29, 2001 Issue No.730
=======================================================================

+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Copyright 2001 The Irish Emigrant Ltd |
| |
| See end of document for subscription details. |
+-------------------------------------------------------------------+

MANDELSON EXITS STAGE
Reporter: Aileen McGurk

Back at his residence in London's trendy Notting Hill district, a far
cry from Hillsborough Castle, the now former Northern Secretary of
State, Peter Mandelson, must surely be pondering the events of the past
seven days and reflecting if he could have done anything differently.
Last Monday Mr Mandelson was at Downing Street in London heavily
involved in tough negotiations with the North's pro-agreement parties
on a way forward for the Good Friday Agreement, but by Thursday a new
minister was at the helm and Mr Mandelson's tenure as Northern
Secretary had been swiftly assigned to the history books. On Monday
representatives of Sinn Fein, the SDLP and the UUP met British
officials, including Mr Mandelson, to discuss a way forward but the
talks became overshadowed when a controversy surrounding Mr Mandelson's
alleged involvement in a 'passports-for-sale' incident erupted. Mr
Mandelson had apparently intervened to secure a British passport for a
wealthy Indian businessman who had promised to fund a section of
London's disaster-prone Millennium Dome, a project which Mr Mandelson
had been responsible for implementing. His actions, if somewhat
ill-judged, were hardly tantamount to a sackable offence but in light
of the fact that he is now a serial offender, Tony Blair's hand was
forced and by Wednesday he had accepted Mr Mandelson's "resignation".
On this occasion he "forgot" that he made a phone enquiry about the
passport. His earlier misdemeanour related to a "loan" of Stg373k from
a rich political colleague that allowed him to purchase a house which
his income did not justify.

Within hours a new Northern Secretary was appointed and John Reid flew
into Belfast on Wednesday night. Dr Reid, the first Catholic to hold
the office, had been Secretary of State for Scotland and oversaw
devolution in that country. Unfortunately he is already known in the
North as the Minister who was in charge of the Armed Forces when the
family of Belfast teenager Peter McBride lobbied to have the soldiers
who killed him, James Fisher and Mark Wright, suspended from the Army.
Mr Reid, who in a press conference pledged to do everything he could to
make the Good Friday Agreement work, was caught up in a flurry of
meetings over the weekend. He held courtesy meetings with the First
Minister and his Deputy, party leaders and the RUC Chief Constable who
briefed him on security. While unionists had a well-publicised dislike
for Mr Mandelson's predecessor Mo Mowlam, resulting in her eventual
removal, and nationalists were less than happy with Peter Mandelson's
attitude on policing, all parties extended a polite welcome to the new
Minister. However gentle the welcome, Dr Reid now faces a swift
learning process. He has taken on a gargantuan task at one of the most
sensitive times in the peace process, dealing with a formidable cast of
players who are well equipped to punish the foibles of any new Minister
London may dispatch to them.

I thought that Ir-D members who study the Irishin Britain might like to be
aware of this project, and someone might even be able to help...

P.O'S.


Date: Mon, 29 Jan 2001 20:25:40 +0000
From: Humphrey Southall

As you will know will know, the Great Britain Historical GIS
Project has, for some years now, been mapping the changing administrative
boundaries of England and Wales. For general information, see:
http://www.geog.port.ac.uk/gbhgis

The end is hopefully in sight for our work on mapping parish boundary
changes back to 1876, but in making this system work effectively in mapping
data, especially tables from the published census reports, it became
increasingly clear that we needed a more authoritative lists of what units
actually existed than, either the lists appearing in the census reports
themselves or the maps we use, which are increasingly problematic the
further back in time you go. This has led into a new project to
computerise F.A. Youngs, "Guide to the Local Administrative Units of
England" (London, Royal Historical Society, 2 vols, 1981, 1991) to both
serve our own needs and create a new on-line resource. Anyone familiar
with the books will know they consist of cryptic heavily abbreviated
entries, with the explanations of the abbreviations themselves containing
abbreviations further explained elsewhere, so an on-line version could be
more comprehensible as well as available to more people.

We have the Royal Historical Society's permission to computerise the text
of the books. We have also established that, as far as anyone at the RHS
knows, no information survives from Youngs' research apart from the books
themselves. Unfortunately, what the RHS cannot supply us with are working
copies of the books. IS THERE ANYONE INTERESTED IN ASSISTING THIS PROJECT
AND ABLE TO HELP US BY DONATING COPIES OF YOUNGS? We know that all fellows
of the RHS received free copies, so we hope that someone out there has
copies they really do not want or need. We need these copies to put
through an Optical Character Recognition system -- a machine that converts
printed text into computerised form -- so it is important that the pages
are in very good condition without annotations (photocopying generally
produces lower quality output, which is why we need originals). On the
other hand, it does not matter if the binding is in poor quality, as I am
afraid we need to unbind these copies to get really good quality scans.

The end result will be made generally available for not-for-profit
purposes, subject only to any restrictions imposed by the RHS (who still
hold copyright), and we are doing the work on a very limited budget using
small grants from the Aurelius Trust, the Marc Fitch Fund and the National
Monuments Record, which is being spent on employing a research
assistant. We can therefore offer to pay postage and packing but not for
the books themselves. Any assistance will be very gratefully acknowledged,
along with the support of the RHS and the funding bodies.

Lastly, I guess this e-mail is mainly directed to list members in the UK,
but we would also be very interested to hear from any N.American list
members who know anything of Frederick Youngs himself. Even the RHS's
literary director responsible for publishing the books, John Ramsden of
London University, told me he never met him, but had an impression of a
pretty elderly man; we understand he is or was a minister in the southern
US.

With thanks for any assistance you can give us,

Humphrey Southall

P.S. I am speaking about the historical GIS project as a whole at the
University of Michigan on Friday February 23rd, at 1.30 in Room 1636 of the
International Institute. My understanding is that this is a public
lecture, followed by a seminar session.

====================================================
Dr. Humphrey Southall,
Director, Gt. Britain Historical GIS Project,
University of Portsmouth, Department of Geography,
Buckingham Building, Lion Terrace,
PORTSMOUTH PO1 3HE, ENGLAND

UNTIL SEPTEMBER 2001:

Visiting Fellow, St. Catharine's College,
Trumpington Street, CAMBRIDGE CB2 1RL

Direct Line (& fax): (01223) 523 854
Mobile: (0796) 808 5454
Home Page: www.geog.port.ac.uk/gbhgis
Call the HGIS team on: (023) 9284 2500

Forwarded on behalf of Jean Talman
jtalman[at]interlog.com

CAIS Conference 2001 - Laval University May 2001

To: CAIS Members and Friends:

REMINDER

Please note the deadline for proposals for papers is February 7, 2001.
The Call for Papers can be found on the CAIS website at:
www.erin.utoronto.ca/cais/new.html

Proposals can be sent to:
Canadian Association for Irish Studies
c/o Celtic Studies
St. Michael's College, University of Toronto
81 St. Mary Street
Toronto ON
M5S 1J4
or by email to: Laura.Shintani[at]utoronto.ca
(enquiries: phone 416-926-7145)

Information on Congress registration, accommodation etc. can be found
at:
www.hssfc.ca/cong/CongressInfoEng.html
Deadline for registration at cheaper rate is April 16, 2001
Deadline for accommodation bookings in student residences is March 31,
2001

Forwarded for information...

The following item appeared on H-CATHOLIC[at]H-NET.MSU.EDU

From: Carole Garibaldi Rogers

Subject: Catholic Women's History Center
Date: Wed, 31 Jan 2001

We are considering a Center for Catholic Women's History here at the College
of St. Elizabeth and would like to be in touch with anyone else running such
a Center, planning one, or even aware of someone whom we can contact for
guidance, advice, conversation, etc. The Center we are proposing would be a
resource for students and faculty as well as for outside scholars and the
general public interested in the topic. One component would be the ongoing
Oral History Project, "Gifts from our Past: Lives of Catholic Women in New
Jersey," sponsored by the College and the Sisters of Charity of St.
Elizabeth. We are in the third year of that project and have thus far
completed close to 50 interviews. In addition, there are archival resources
here at the College, which could become part of the Center. We would like to
research other models and possibilities and learn about
problems/conflicts/pitfalls, etc.

Many thanks for any help. Contact me off-list if you prefer.

Carole Garibaldi Rogers
Director, "Gifts from our Past: Lives of Catholic Women in New Jersey"
College of St. Elizabeth
Morristown, NJ
CAGROGERS[at]AOL.COM

Leon Litvack has kindly brought the following to our attention...

Subject: Emerald in the Crown -- Radio 4


Dear friends,

Tomorrow night (Thursday) at 8:00 BBC Radio 4 will be
broadcasting 'Emerald in the Crown' as part of their Victoria
season.

In this programme, Declan Kiberd assesses the Anglo-Irish
relationship during Queen Victoria's reign, using contemporary
sources to reveal the Victorian mind-set. With cartoons,
novels, street songs and extracts from Victoria's diary, the
programme offers surprising angles on subjects ranging
from Gladstone to tourism.

The voices of James Murphy and Peter Gray both feature in the
programme.

You can get the Radio 4 schedule for tomorrow at
http://www.bbc.co.uk/schedules/2001/02/01/radio4.html


You can listen to the programme at the appropriate
time, by pointing your browser to

http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/live_feed.html

You will need to have RealPlayer on your PC. This facility might
be useful for list members living outside the Radio 4
broadcasting area.

Further details of the Victoria season may be found at

http://www.bbc.co.uk/radio4/discover/victoria/index.shtml

----------------------
Leon Litvack
Senior Lecturer
School of English
Queen's University of Belfast
Belfast BT7 1NN
Northern Ireland, UK

L.Litvack[at]qub.ac.uk
http://www.qub.ac.uk/english/prometheus.html

Tel. +44-(0)2890-273266
Fax +44-(0)2890-314615

This conference always has surprising Irish Diaspora dimensions...

P.O'S.

FIFTEENTH IRISH CONFERENCE OF MEDIEVALISTS

National University of Ireland, Maynooth, Thursday 28 to Saturday 30 June
2001

Chairman: Máire Herbert
Organising Secretary: Catherine Swift Programme Secretary: Colmán
Etchingham
Committee: Anders Ahlqvist, Caoimhín Breatnach, Liam Breatnach, Tomás Ó
Cathasaigh, Dáibhí Ó Cróinín, Ruairí Ó hUiginn, Thomas O?Loughlin, Katharine
Simms


CALL FOR PAPERS:
Papers are invited on medieval archaeology, art, history, language and
literature (Latin and the vernaculars). Length of papers: 45 minutes (15
minutes discussion), or 20 minutes (10 minutes discussion). Complete the
form below and return, or send details by e-mail?at the latest by 28
February 2001?to Dr Colmán Etchingham, Dept of History, NUI Maynooth, Co.
Kildare, Ireland. TEL: (353 1) 7083481, or 7083816 (direct line); FAX: (353
1) 7083314; e-mail: colman.etchingham[at]may.ie. A programme will be circulated
in March 2001.

Details of fees for registration, meals and accommodation will be
circulated, together with the Conference programme, in March 2001. Those
needing such information in advance in order to apply to their institutions
for funding should contact the Organising Secretary, Dr Catherine Swift,
Institute of Irish Studies, Liverpool Tel: (0044151) 7943834 E-MAIL:
cjswift[at]liverpool.ac.uk for a provisional estimate of costs.

PLEASE POST A COPY OF THIS NOTICE IN YOUR INSTITUTION

From Patrick O'Sullivan

A number of people have discussed the following incident with me, and it
seemed right to make an outline of events available to the Ir-D list...

P.O'S.

Forwarded with permission from...

THE IRISH EMIGRANT
_______________________________________________________________________
Editor: Liam Ferrie January 29, 2001 Issue No.730
=======================================================================

+-------------------------------------------------------------------+
| Copyright 2001 The Irish Emigrant Ltd |
| |


IRELAND OF THE WELCOMES

There was little of the traditional Irish welcome awaiting 19 Moldovans
who arrived at Dublin Airport last Sunday, clutching their passports,
valid visas and work permits. Immigration officer Det. Garda Denise
McMahon knew something that they didn't and that was that their
prospective employer, Kildare Chilling Company, no longer required
their services because of the BSE crisis. Det. Garda McMahon thought
the $3,000 which the group had in their possession was not sufficient
to sustain them so the 19 were taken to Mountjoy prison where they
remained until Thursday. On that day they were taken to court, each
one handcuffed and chained to a prison officer. It took an order from
Justice Philip O'Sullivan to have the chains and handcuffs removed from
the men inside the courthouse. The hearing ended with Justice
O'Sullivan ruling that the men were being unlawfully detained and
ordering their release.

The hero of the hour was Bertie Dunne, a Naas landlord, who along with
his sister Mary Elliffe owns the Townhouse Hotel in the town. He was
approached by relatives and friends of the detained men who were
already working in this country. Mr Dunne quickly found two other
companies willing to hire the new arrivals and was on hand to make this
known to the court. On their first night out of prison the 19 were
transported to Naas where they had their first taste of Guinness and
were given beds in the Townhouse Hotel. Such was the public outcry
that Minister for Justice John O'Donoghue announced the following day
that, should similar circumstances arise in future, those involved will
be granted temporary admission to the State.

Sean Aylward, the director of the Prison Service, went on RTE radio to
defend the decision to use handcuffs and chains. He denied that this
had demonised the men and accused those who published the photographs
of being the "real demonisers". It was noted elsewhere that even after
she was convicted of the murder of her husband, Catherine Nevin was
allowed to walk in and out of court without handcuffs but I don't think
Mr Aylward was asked to explain this. The case highlighted the
hardships facing people in eastern Europe. The group which arrived in
Ireland included a dentist, an economist and an engineer. They will
earn very much more in a meat plant here than in their chosen careers
back home.

Elsewhere we were told that an official body which concerns itself with
Immigration Policy, predicts that 336,000 immigrants will be required
over the next six years if the goals of the IR41bn National Development
Plan are to be realised.

From Patrick O'Sullivan

The following item has been brought to our attention.

The reference to Pavee Point can be followed up by going to the Pavee Point
Web site...
http://www.iol.ie/~pavee/PRJCULT.HTM

P.O'S.

Article from Irish Times.

News Features (Interview): Considering what it means to be a Traveller
VINCENT BROWNE 01/27/2001 Irish Times

VB: When did you first become conscious of being a Traveller, of being
different from the rest of Irish society?

MC: When I started going to school in St Kevin's, Finglas. My brother and I
were the only two Travellers in the school. This was in 1973-74.
Unfortunately, I was made aware of my Traveller identity in negative ways -
the usual name-calling and sometimes beatings. I remember being called
'knacker' very early in my school days and a 'smelly knacker'. VB: What
kind of house did you live in at Finglas when you were a child?

MC: It was one of the very first group housing schemes to be constructed.
The material that was used in the construction was of very poor quality.
They weren't called houses, they were usually called tigeens. This was a
little tin box with one large room and one room which led to a toilet. It
was really very basic. The idea was that Travellers would move into these,
get very accustomed to it and then begin to demand proper housing. It was
very much seen as a stepping stone towards assimilation and integration.

However, by the 1980s the local authorities began to see that this policy of
gradual assimilation was not working and they began to provide decent
accommodation for Travellers, taking account of our different culture. VB:
Why did assimilation and integration not work?

MC: Just to give a bit of the background to this. In 1960 Charles Haughey,
then Parliamentary Secretary to the Minister for Justice, set up the
Commission on Itinerancy, which published its report in 1963. The main
thrust of that report was very much about viewing Travellers as an itinerant
problem, a problem that needed to be solved through 'rehabilitation',
'assimilation' and 'integration', to use the words of the report. There was
absolutely no acknowledgement whatsoever throughout that report of the
culture, identity, language, customs or values of the Traveller community.

That report had a huge influence on government, local authority, church and
educational thinking - the whole thrust of policy became the integration and
assimilation of the Traveller community, the obliteration of the Traveller
identity.

This was particularly true in the educational system. I went to school for
six years and, OK, I came out at the end of it with the basic literacy
skills which have stood me well. But for those six years at no time was
Traveller identity in any way endorsed or validated or celebrated. Not for
one moment.

VB: What is the Traveller identity?

MC: Like all identities when you put it under the microscope or, if you
like, when you interrogate an identity it becomes very vague. Like the Irish
identity. It's an intangible thing. It is very difficult.

VB: Have a go.

MC: It relates to how people feel about themselves, how they perceive
themselves, their own communities, how they perceive outsiders, how do we
relate to ourselves.

But on the question of whether there is a distinct Traveller identity, I
think that the debate has actually been won. It is recognised in the Equal
Status Act, which includes a very good definition of what it means to be a
Traveller, and we don't want to get involved in renegotiating something that
has already been achieved.

There was an important landmark case in England recently. Eight Irish
Travellers were refused access to pubs and the question in the case was
whether Irish Travellers constituted a distinct ethnic group under the Race
Relations Act. The court held that they did constitute a distinct ethnic
group under the Race Relations Act and are now afforded full protection
under the Act. VB: Why is it so important for Travellers to be free to move
from one place to another at will?

MC: The Commission on Itinerancy said that the nomadic lifestyle was
deviant - they may not have used that word but that was the line and in some
quarters of Irish society that is still the line.

VB: Explain why it is so important.

MC: I'll tell you now in a second. It is important to recognise that there
have been lots of different attempts by Irish society to kill it [nomadic
lifestyle] off. I think nomadism in itself has changed dramatically over the
years. There are a small minority of Travellers, small, very small, who
travel continuously, all year round. Then there are a larger number of
Travellers who engage only in seasonal travel, if you like, who would travel
mostly during the summer.

That's when we get all the controversies and all the flashpoints and that's
primarily during the summertime. Then you have another group of Travellers
who could be living permanently in one location for 15 or 20 years but have
never lost the urge to move. Some people, although they might be living for
15 years in one location, still need to take to the road. It is maybe more
of a state of mind than anything else and of course Travellers, like
everyone else, are more mobile nowadays. Perhaps the main reason nowadays
for moving around is economic - in search of jobs, although in the Celtic
Tiger jobs are plentiful and Travellers are living permanently more often.

VB: What are the non-economic reasons for moving from place to place?

MC: I think it's to visit, to be with relatives in other parts of the
country. To be closer to a sick or dying relative, weddings, funerals . . .

VB: You don't have to move the whole shebang for that, which would be only
for a few days.

MC: From a Traveller's perspective, it can be longer and this might sound
like a cliche but for many Travellers it is the journey that matters, being
on the road with their families and extended families. It's growth and
development and camaraderie, it's all that stuff that happens on the
journey. VB: What's so enjoyable about the journey?

MC: Travellers attach a lot of importance to it. Also there is the fact that
if Travellers feel tied to one location it puts pressure on them. There has
been a lot of research about Gypsies and their desire to be on the move and
it has been shown that when they're restricted all sorts of social problems
arise and it is the same for Travellers.

VB: Aren't you making unreasonable demands on society as a whole? You are
demanding not just accommodation on the same basis as everyone else but you
are demanding accommodation wherever it is you think you might like to
wander to?

MC: I think that to date the focus has been on meeting the needs of the
settled population and I don't think it is unreasonable to make some
different provision for the Travelling community. All that is required is
the provision of some transient sites, in addition to the more permanent
halting sites.

VB: Do Travellers have to cause such chaos when they move from one place to
another as was caused at the Sugar Loaf a few summers ago and as was caused
by the convoy of Travellers who made their way across the country to Knock
last summer?

MC: I do not condone and Pavee Point does not condone the behaviour of any
Traveller which is anti-social. We would not defend or justify that, it's
indefensible. The absence of transient halting sites does cause problems and
were they available then I think that many of the problems - the chaos, as
you call it - could be avoided.

VB: Take the case of the Sugar Loaf. What explanation is there for the awful
mess that was left there two summers ago?

MC: I mean if there's no provision being made, if there's no refuse bins
available . . .

VB: Why did they have to desecrate the Sugar Loaf? It's one of the country's
beauty spots.

MC: My understanding is that it's a tradition. They've been going there for
donkey's years.

VB: To the Sugar Loaf?

MC: Oh, yes. Seemingly that's the information I have and I think it is
possible to continue doing that. I think it can be managed. Generally
speaking, we must recognise that most Travellers do, you'll always get a
small element within a minority who will behave in an anti-social way.

VB: What about the convoy of Travellers who moved across the country to
Knock last summer and caused chaos in the towns they visited and apparently
leaving a terrible mess behind them? In addition, there were reports that
they demanded money to leave.

MC: Well, all I can say to that, if that is the case, you know, well
obviously we condemn that quite categorically. They should be made legally
accountable to the courts, fined, imprisoned, whatever the case is. But
there is an underlying problem: the failure by the local authorities to
provide transient sites.

VB: Have you been hurt by discrimination? MC: Oh, yes. It makes you very
angry, it really pisses you off.

VB: Give me an instance.

MC: I was in a pub with my father and we were refused service. I challenged
the guy, and he said he didn't have to give you a reason. I lost the cool
and I'm not particularly proud of it and I engaged in a bit of a scuffle
with this guy.

VB: Did you hit him?

MC: I didn't hit him, no. I actually had broken a mirror out of pure
torment, pure rage. I lost the cool and was subsequently arrested. The
guards took a statement. I went to court and I told the judge what happened
and the judge then dismissed the case. VB: Has the condition of Travellers
generally improved in the last seven years?

MC: There have been some improvements, especially arising from the task
force report in 1995 and the committees that have arisen from that involving
the Departments of Education, Health and Environment. They have developed
different policies and strategies but I think that where we are weak is in
the implementation of our policies at local level.

VB: How many Travellers are living either on the side of the road or on
unofficial sites?

MC: The 1995 task force report stated that by the year 2000, there would be
3,100 new units. We find ourselves, almost six years on, that only 127 new
units of accommodation have been provided for Travellers.

There actually has been an increase in the number of Travellers living
unofficially on the side of the road without basic services, such as water
and electricity. There are now 1,207 families, about 8,000 Travelling
people, living on the side of the road and these are the figures of the
Department of the Environment. One in four Travellers lives without basic
facilities such as water, sanitation and electricity.

VB: What do you think of the halting sites that have been provided? MC: Many
of them are monstrosities, they are appalling. Places like St Christopher's
and St Mary's in Finglas and Cappagh.

VB: Have the anti-discrimination provisions of recent legislation,
especially in the Equal Status Act, been of much help?

MC: Travellers won a case recently over being excluded from a Johnny McEvoy
concert. That concert predated the Equal Status Act. There have been lots of
other instances where Travellers have taken cases but without success and
this has been because, I think, the penalty is too severe. Take, for
instance, the case of pubs that refuse to serve Travellers. The only
sanction that a judge has is to refuse the pub the renewal of licence and
many judges just don't want to do that because the pubs may be a family
business and refusing a renewal of licence may deprive people of a
livelihood and put bar staff out of work. No judge is going to do that and,
frankly, I don't think that is the answer. I think there should be a fine
for each instance of discrimination and the matter should be dealt with in
that way.

VB: Is this a very prevalent thing, that lots of pubs refuse to serve
Travellers?

MC: Absolutely. I know two cases at the moment where Travellers are having
difficulty getting hotels for wedding receptions . . . It's a common thing.
It happens day in, day out in this country, in shops, in pubs, hotels,
barbers, hairdressers, launderettes, it's a huge problem. VB: Barbers and
hairdressers?

MC: Yes. You better believe it. The most outrageous example I've ever come
across was two years ago in Cork in a shopping mall, I'm getting real
American now. A shopping centre in Cork. There was a Santa Claus in the
shopping centre and a Traveller woman wanted to bring her two children. She
was run out. She wasn't allowed bring her two children in to see Santa. Now
that's really pathetic. That really does piss me off and makes me very
angry. It makes a lot of people angry.

VB: What about feuding between various gangs within the Traveller community,
what seems to amount to all-out war on occasion? MC: No, it's not all-out
war. The media would like to present it as that. There is no doubt that
there is an issue there and it does give cause for concern. It's actually
some dispute between individuals. VB: Do you remember the situation that
went on in Tuam a number of years ago when a large part of the town was
terrorised by a feud involving maybe up to 100 people?

MC: Travellers themselves are terrorised by this. They're also afraid of
this.

VB: What's going on? We saw a Traveller funeral a few years ago. Gardai
searched people and found almost an arsenal of weapons.

MC: Well, fair enough. There are incidents that are quite complex and they
need to be dealt with. I know some guards who have actually confiscated some
. . . absolutely. The guards will actually display a whole array of weapons
on the six o'clock news, the nine o'clock news and I'm not convinced that is
quite helpful. And what happens subsequently, no one seems to be arrested.
People need to be arrested, it's as simple as that.

We in Pavee Point have just recently established a mediation service. It's
looking at the areas of conflict among the Travellers themselves. We have
just developed a training module which is going to be used within different
training programmes in Traveller organisations and Traveller groups.

From Patrick O'Sullivan

Forwarded for information...

HELEN WALLIS FELLOWSHIP AT THE BRITISH LIBRARY (2001)

CLOSING DATE: 1 MAY 2001


This annual, named fellowship offers a convenient and unusually privileged
working environment in the British Library. The fellow will be treated like
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provided with their own work-station, with an e-mail account and access to
the Internet. In addition, the fellowship carries with it a voucher worth
300 pounds to be spent within the Library.

The award honours the memory of the former Map Librarian at the British
Museum and then British Library, Dr Helen Wallis OBE (1967-86), and confers
recognition by the Library on a scholar, from *any* field, whose work will
promote the extended and complementary use of the British Library's book and
cartographic collections.

Preference will be given to proposals that relate to the Library's
collections and have an international dimension. The fellowship may be held
as a full or part-time appointment, and would normally be for 6-12 months.

For the *full* terms of reference please contact the undersigned.

[It would be most helpful if you told us where you saw this notice]

****************************************************************************
*
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British Library Map Library
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Phone: 020 7412 7525 International: +44 20 7412 7525
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From Patrick O'Sullivan

I know that this announcement will be of interest to a number of Ir-D list
members...

ANNOUNCING H-CARIBBEAN
H-NET LIST ON CARIBBEAN STUDIES
Sponsored by
H-Net, Humanities & Social Sciences On-line, Michigan State University

The Caribbean was one of the earliest projects of European colonization in
what has now been defined as the "Atlantic World." Academics with diverse
intellectual interests have made the field an exciting one in its own
right. The region has produced scholars of world class importance
including CLR James, Eric Williams, Aime Cesaire, Fernando Ortiz, Kamau
Brathwaite, V.S. Naipaul, and Derek Walcott to name only a few of the
"contemporary" figures. With the move toward Atlantic and World History,
the Caribbean has received increased attention in recent years. From an
economic perspective, scholars have shown how the Caribbean was crucial to
the making of the Atlantic and modern Western World. From a social and
cultural perspective, the region is also an important area of study for
those interested in global culture. Waves of European immigrants, the
Atlantic Slave trade, and contracted labor from both India and China in
the post-emancipation period have been instrumental in shaping the social
and cultural development of this region. The processes of immigration
affecting the Caribbean are illustrative of the broader movements and
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From Patrick O'Sullivan

Forwarded as a contribution to the continuing 'separate spheres' debates...

P.O'S.

H-NET BOOK REVIEW
Published by H-Women[at]h-net.msu.edu (November, 2000)

Robert B. Shoemaker. _Gender in English Society 1650-1850: The
Emergence of Separate Spheres?_. Themes in British Social History
Series. London and New York: Longman, 1998. ix + 334 pp. Notes,
bibliography, and index. $80.00 (cloth), ISBN 0-582-10316-9; $25.66
(paper), ISBN 0-582-10315-0.

Reviewed for H-Women by Michele Plott , Department
of History, Suffolk University

Gender Prescriptions and Realities in the "Long Eighteenth Century"

_Gender in English Society 1650-1850_ is, in many ways, as
comprehensive a study as its title suggests. Robert Shoemaker
brings together an extraordinarily large body of secondary
literature, along with a smaller number of primary sources, in order
to examine almost all areas of life in which gender might have
played a role in England during the "long eighteenth century." He
surveys the prescriptive literature of the period on gender, and
goes on to examine the conditions of men's and women's lives in
their most private and public aspects: sexuality, at homelife,
work, in religion and politics, and in culture and society. In
doing so, he brings together for his readers a wide range of ideas
and evidence about the nature of gender roles in early modern
England.

In addition to this survey of men's and women's lives, Shoemaker
argues against the emergence of separate spheres for men and women
in English society, explicitly rejecting the idea that this period
"witnessed an intensification of the ideology of separate spheres,
with its attempt to map gender differences onto this growing
distinction between public and private life" (p. 308).

His arguments against the influence of a doctrine of separate
spheres fall largely into two categories. First, Shoemaker
emphasizes the continuities in men's and women's roles between 1650
and 1850. To the extent that men's and women's lives were segregated
by sex, he sees relatively little change over time that many
proponents of the influence of separate spheres have described.
Second, he asserts the limitations of what historians can know with
certainty in the study of early modern social and cultural history.
Shoemaker maintains that it is difficult to know much about the
private lives of men and. He acknowledges the development of a
large body of presciptive literature that supports the development
of separate spheres, particularly after 1750. But he cautions
readers that it is very difficult to know how this material shaped
the lives of English men and women at the time. He believes that its
influence was minimal.

While Shoemaker contests its reception, he describes the increasing
prevalence of the ideology of separate spheres in a wide variety of
published works from the mid-eighteenth century onward. It first
became popular in literature aimed at men and women of the middle to
upper middle classes, and then, by the early nineteenth century, in
literature aimed at lower-class men and women. Such books included
Hannah More's _Cheap Repository Tracts_ of the 1790s and William
Cobbett's _Cottage Economy_ of 1822, which placed even the wives of
working men in a clearly domestic role. Conduct manuals and
periodicals promoted the separate roles and standards of conduct.

In the mid-eighteenth century, periodicals aimed at only one sex
became common, and women's magazines came to focus on domestic
matters such as cooking, needlework, and preserving marital
happiness. Along with advice manuals, they promoted women's moral
role, as well as notions of femininity that suggested differences
between the sexes: woman's greater virtue, her asexuality, her
"natural" maternal feeling, and the inappropriateness of women
performing hard labor outside the home. Shoemaker traces these
changes in prescriptions for women's behavior in part to the
influence of the evangelical movement in England, noting "an
increasing stress on the moral importance of women's domestic role"
from the mid eighteenth century (p. 32).

Although recognizing these trends in the prescriptive literature,
Shoemaker questions the ability of historians to know how men and
women actually behaved in their sexual lives. Gender roles became
more sharply defined, women were seen as less sexually passionless,
and women were viewed as more naturally virtuous than men. In the
contemporary literature, concern shifted from women's lust and
sexual aggressiveness in the sixteenth and seventeenth centuries to
men's lust and predatory sexual nature by the nineteenth century.
Shoemaker quotes the work of historians who argue that, over the
eighteenth century, "sexual practices became restricted to
heterosexual, penetrative, vaginal intercourse, as mutual
masturbation and fondling became less common"(p. 60). In
combination, these changes resulted in fewer sexual opportunities
for both sexes and far greater differences in the behavior expected
of men and women.

Within the family and household, Shoemaker sees a great deal of
separation of male and female roles but virtually no change over
time, and thus, no emergence of separate spheres for men and women.
Even in the seventeenth and eighteenth centuries, wives and their
servants did almost all housework, including cleaning, shopping, and
cooking. Men performed few tasks and most of these were outdoor
work. In households where both spouses worked, wives did most of
the household labor. By the nineteenth century, these trends had
only accentuated the sexual division of labor. Middle-class men
increasingly worked away from the home. Even at home, men's work
areas, "whether the shop or the study," were separated from such
domestic areas of the house as the kitchen(p. 119).

Shoemaker also sees continuity over the centuries in the
socialization of children, with boys and girls receiving separate
upbringings designed to create very different personalities and
behavior in the two sexes. While boys were encouraged to play
physical games with hoops or balls, girls played with dolls and
miniature work baskets. Boys learned "self control, endurance,
striving and athletic prowess" at school, while girls were taught
"subservience and to combat vanity and pride"(p. 131). The author
also notes the new emphasis on women as maternal creatures in the
eighteenth century. Motherhood came increasingly to be seen as a
serious responsibility for women, and mothers were expected to form
tender and intimate bonds with their children. In contrast,
middle-class fathers appear to have conformed to a caring, but
increasing emotionally distant model for parents by the nineteenth
century.

Throughout the period covered by this book, men did a larger
proportion of the income producing work, usually outside of the
home, while women did more of the housework. Shoemaker points out
that, in addition, most women performed some type of work for pay,
but he also notes that this work was consistently more marginal than
that of men: it was lower paid and generally unskilled throughout
the long eighteenth century, unprotected by the guild system in the
cities, and, in the countryside, more quickly eliminated by
enclosure. In the recent debate over the evolution of women's work,
Shoemaker sides with historians who argue against the idea of a
"golden age" of women's work before the Industrial Revolution, when
men's and women's work were interchangeable. He sees as most
persuasive theories that view changes in women's work as taking a
circular rather than a progressive, linear route.

Shoemaker's evidence appears to suggest that the ideology of
separate spheres did influence women's work from the mid-eighteenth
century. Middle-class women worked less, although the author also
notes that, among the upwardly mobile middle classes, both men and
women avoided work as a means of social advancement in the
eighteenth century. However, when a married couple could only
afford to have one spouse "at leisure", it was always the wife who
did not work. Nineteenth-century sources appear to support the
influence of separate spheres ideology most clearly. Middle-class
women were the most likely to retire to the domestic sphere, but
even among the working poor, women, including agricultural workers
and colliers' wives, came to see some aspects of work as
inappropriate for women. Shoemaker argues that separate spheres
ideology did not prevent women from working, but that ideas about
the coarsening and defeminizing effects of work did discourage both
middle-class and working-class women from engaging in paid
employment.

Shoemaker acknowledges a clear divide between public and private
life in both religion and politics. Women were excluded from
positions of power within the Anglican Church, as well as in most of
the non-conformist Protestant religions once they became
established. Women had the most influence, and most notably in the
Society of Friends and among the Methodists, in the early years of
these religious movements, when they were allowed to preach and
prophesy in public. Similarly, politics remained dominated by men
throughout this period. In the eighteenth century, aristocratic
women could exercise influence in high politics, but only
cautiously. Canvassing for parliamentary candidates by women was
seen as appropriate only if promoting male relations. Women, like
Georgiana, Duchess of Devonshire, who campaigned for men outside of
her family, were widely criticized.

For the nineteenth century, much of Shoemaker's evidence points to
the emergence of separate spheres in political life. In the
anti-slavery movement, men and women formed separate societies and,
for the most part, opposed the slave trade by engaging in different
kinds of activities: men lobbied Parliament, ran the National
Anti-Slavery Society, and organized and spoke at public meetings;
women wrote anti-slavery tracts and fiction, promoted consumer
boycotts of products produced by slave labor, and circulated
petitions to be submitted to parliament and the queen.

In the cultural arena, Shoemaker notes that women were able to
participate in public life in many ways; women played a public role
as actresses and published authors, and English women attended the
theater, even if their access to clubs and voluntary societies was
more restricted than that of men. However, Shoemaker also
acknowledges restrictions on women's participation. Many women wrote
anonymously or under a pseudonym, and others prefaced their works
with apologies for having presumed, as women, to write and publish
their opinions. Some of these restrictions appear to be rooted
firmly in separate spheres ideology: women were sharply criticized
when they wrote on "masculine" subjects, such as philosophy or
politics, like Catherine Macaulay, and they were most successful
when they supported a domestic role for women in their published
works, like Hannah More.

In answering the question posed in his title, Robert Shoemaker
ultimately offers a mixed answer. He acknowledges some evolution of
gender roles and a greater influence of the ideology of separate
spheres by the turn of the nineteenth century. At the same time, he
asserts that the continuities in men's and women's experiences over
this two hundred year period were more important. As Shoemaker
notes, we cannot know with certainty what influence prescriptive
literature has; nevertheless, the evidence he presents suggests
that the doctrine of separate spheres did have a strong effect on
English men and women by the late eighteenth and early nineteenth
centuries. Shoemaker's arguments against its influence are
persuasive for seventeenth and early eighteenth centuries. However,
in trying to combine these two periods, he faces too many
contradictions in his evidence to make a convincing argument against
the importance of separate spheres.

Furthermore, except for its arguments against the importance of the
doctrine of separate spheres, this work falls short in its analysis
of the abundant primary and secondary sources. Shoemaker makes a
focus on facts part of his thesis: since gender roles changed very
little between 1650 and 1850, and since the ideology of separate
spheres was not as influential as other historians have asserted, he
argues that there is relatively little to to analyze -- and, indeed,
that a systematic reporting on women's and men's places in English
society is exactly what is called for. Nevertheless, this emphasis
leaves the reader wishing for more from this clearly very capable
historian -- more on-going analysis of this wealth of information,
as well as a more coherent and persuasive account of the influence,
or lack of influence, of the ideology of separate spheres on the
evolution of gender roles in English society.

Copyright (c) 2000 by H-Net, all rights reserved. This
work may be copied for non-profit educational use if proper
credit is given to the author and the list. For other
permission, please contact H-Net[at]h-net.msu.edu.

From Patrick O'Sullivan

A useful summary of the research on The Mental Health of Irish Born People
in Britain can be found at...

http://www.mind.org.uk/

'About Us
Mind is the leading mental health charity in England and Wales, and works
for a better life for everyone with experience of mental distress.

(Mind does not cover Scotland and we focus on mental health problems rather
than learning difficulties. Please see our Links page for organisations
which can help with these areas).'

I say 'can be found' - if you go to the main Mind web site, you then have to
go into the factsheet area, and explore that for the Irish factsheet. The
Web address of the actual factsheet is...

http://www.mind.org.uk/information/factsheets/I/irish/The_Mental_Health_of_I
rish_Born_People_in_Britain.asp

But note that that long Web address may have been fractured by your own
email line breaks.

This factsheet is the work of Carole Reid-Galloway, of the Information Unit,
Mind, assisted by Sam Marshall, last Updated March 2000. In the background
is the guiding genius of Mary Tilki, of Middlesex University.

There are problems with this Web site, which I have brought to the attention
of the organisation. I do not think it right that so much useful
information should be so well hidden if you approach the organisation
through its main Web page. Also of special interest are the factsheets on
schizophrenia and genetics. The actual factsheets are quite difficult to
save or download - the longer ones are presented as a series of separate Web
pages. These problems are being looked into.

P.O'S.

- --
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Irish-Diaspora list
Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/

Personal Fax National 0870 284 1580
Fax International +44 870 284 1580

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Interdisciplinary Human Studies
University of Bradford
Bradford BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England

From Patrick O'Sullivan

the following item has been brought to our attention...

Read Ireland Book Review (Issue 153)

The Falling Angels: An Irish Romance by John Walsh
(UK)(Paperback; 8.99 IEP / 12.00 USD / 7.50 UK)

'I was the kid who had hung out for far too long on the stairs in his
dressing-gown, eavesdropping on the sounds of adult conviviality, but
invited to enter the mysteries at last.'

This book is an exuberant memoir of growing up London-Irish, of having
two identities and being caught between both. As a child, John Walsh
found the Irishness of his parents' Battersea home bemusing. Here was
an enclave of Ireland's mystic west, transported to London's South
Circular Road, where performance and after-dinner singing were
mandatory, where the gossip and visitors were Irish, and where Catholic
priests invaded the kitchen for tea, barm-brack and a waltz with his
mother. Ireland too was a puzzle. It was a family holiday destination
that meant rain, dry-stone walls and blue bubble gum. It was a country
that seemed to scatter its tribes of exiles across the globe, a place
his mother had escaped from and his father only longed to return to.

But as a teenager spellbound by Mick Jagger and images of Catholic
martyrdom, the author discovers an extended family in a Galway he never
know existed. In this new world of hoolies, spook-haunts and wakes, and
ultimately through the death of his mother, he begins to understand the
Irish Way of Life and Death and the heart of his Hibernian roots.

Witty, intimate and full of illuminating insights into exile, religion
and the culture of 'belonging', this book is a the passionate tale of
one man's relationship with a mythic and mercurial homeland. This book
was our choice for Book of the Month Non Fiction for January 2000.

From Patrick O'Sullivan

This item will be of interest to the art historians and historians of
culture.

We have discussed, before, on the Ir-D list the representations of Ireland,
and the Irish and 'Irish' elements, in these international exhibitions. The
exhibitions were an important part of the process of 're-inventing Ireland's
past'.

Now, thanks to Alexander Geppert and his colleagues, we have the makings of
a comprehensive list of the exhibitions, plus a bibliography - a very useful
spur to further research.

However, significant studies of the Irish elements are missing from the
bibliography - so that that is the first task: helping Geppert and his
colleagues to fill those gaps.

P.O'S.


Forwarded on behalf of

"Alexander CT Geppert"

Dear Colleagues,

We would like to announce that a new, comprehensive bibliography
on the history of world's fairs, "International Exhibitions,
Expositions Universelles and World's Fairs, 1851-1951: A
Bibliography" is now available.

It is accessible on the internet at the "Theory of Architecture" web
site of Brandenburgische Technische Universit=E4t (Cottbus,
Germany) as part of the journal "Wolkenkuckucksheim:
Internationale Zeitschrift f=FCr Theorie und Wissenschaft der
Architektur" at
http://www.theo.tu-cottbus.de/Wolke/eng/Bibliography/ExpoBibliography.htm.
It can also be viewed as a pdf-file from the web site of the Donald
G. Larson Collection on International Expositions and Fairs, 1851-
1940, Sanoian Special Collections Library, California State
University, Fresno, USA, at
http://www.lib.csufresno.edu/SubjectResources/SpecialCollections/WorldFairs/
=
Seco
ndarybiblio.pdf.

We have made every attempt to be inclusive yet selective. At
present, the bibliography includes almost 1,200 items, with more
to come as the list is updated and added to on an ongoing basis.
Comments, suggestions and additions are welcome. Please send
them to Alexander C.T. Geppert at geppert[at]iue.it or to Jean Coffey
at jeanc[at]csufresno.edu.

Yours sincerely,

Alexander C.T. Geppert, Jean Coffey and Tammy Lau
in association with the editors of "Wolkenkuckucksheim"

European University Institute, Florence, Italy
California State University, Fresno, USA
Brandenburgische Technische Universitaet, Cottbus, Germany


_______________________________
Alexander C.T. Geppert
The European University Institute
Department of History and Civilization
geppert[at]iue.it
http://www.iue.it

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

We have had a number of Ir-D list glitches in recent months - I hope that
they have not caused too much annoyance. I have investigated all of them -
yes, just because I am paranoid it doesn't mean...

In fact some glitches were purely technical, as our messages hit rough
patches in the University of Bradford system. It is that time of year when
they clean out the pipes. Or something.

An odd glitch - which was entirely due to 'operator error' - was that the
dating of Ir-D messages went awry at the beginning of February, 2001. The
actual date number changed, but the name of the month did not.

This means that all - or most - of the Ir-D messages for February, 2001,
were sent out as if dated January, 2001.

This will not have been a problem for those of you who check your emails
regularly, or whose emailer sorts emails by the time and date of their
ARRIVAL at your computer.

However, if your emailer sorts your emails by the date on the actual email,
then you might find that February Ir-D messages, mis-labelled January, are
hidden amongst all your genuine January messages.

A bit of tedious detective work will establish which are which - thus
February 1 was a Thursday, but January 1 was not. And so on...

I do apologise for this silly error.

P.O'S.

- --
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Irish-Diaspora list
Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/

Personal Fax National 0870 284 1580
Fax International +44 870 284 1580

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Interdisciplinary Human Studies
University of Bradford
Bradford BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England

From: =?iso-8859-1?q?Dymphna=20Lonergan?=
Subject: Re: Ir-D Comment on Fitzpatrick 1

It seems to me (as a naive non-historial) that the
answer to many of David Fitzpatrick's questions may
lie in the untapped oral histories that are the
present Irish Diaspora. My own experience as an Irish
migrant in Australia and my research into the Irish
language here has led me to conclude that I am
probably no different to those nineteenth century
migrants who are the objects of my study, yet I adopt
an academic Gaze which must colour my findings.

So postcolonial theory may also be of some help in our
search for knowledge about the Irish Diaspora. I'm
only aware of Declan Kiberd's 'Inventing Ireland'as a
postcolonial text on Ireland. Can anyone point me in
the direction of any postcolonial texts that deal with
Irish migration or perhaps migration in general?

Dymphna Lonergan
The Flinders University of South Australia
Dymphna_1[at]Yahoo.com

From: "Dale B. Light"
Subject: Re: Ir-D David Fitzpatrick on Irish Diaspora

Dear Mr. O'Sullivan,

I am currently writing a book on the construction of an Irish ethnic
community in nineteenth century Philadelphia. I found David Fitzpatrick's
comments extremely interesting and would like to cite them in my book.
Could you provide me with his address so I can get his permission to do so?

Thank you,

Dale B. Light




At 07:00 PM 1/22/01 +0000, you wrote:
>
>>From Email Patrick O'Sullivan
>
>It will be recalled that, in a recent Ir-D message giving an outline of the
>British Association for Irish Studies Newsletter, I noted that it contained
>a version of David Fitzpatrick's paper, from the recent Irish Diaspora
>conference at the University of North London.
>
>I was asked if it would be possible to distribute David Fitzpatrick's paper
>through the Irish-Diaspora list.
>
>I am pleased to be able to report that David Fitzpatrick has given his
>permission for this distribution. Our thanks to David and to Jerry Nolan,
>the Editor of the BAIS Newsletter.
>
>The paper is some 2500 words in long. Mindful that many Ir-D members are
on
>older computer systems with limited internet access, I have divided the
>paper into two emails, which will follow this one as...
>Ir-D Fitzpatrick 1
>and
>Ir-D Fitzpatrick 2
>
>These emails are still quite long, but, I hope, acceptable. I have
numbered
>David Fitzpatrick's paragraphs, but otherwise the paper is as it
appeared...
>
>BAIS NEWSLETTER NO. 25
>January 2001
>Battle in the Books 5: How Irish was the Irish Diaspora?
>by David Fitzpatrick
>
>Neither David Fitzpatrick nor Jerry Nolan are members of the Irish-Diaspora
>list. They have asked if they can be informed of any subsequent discussion
>of David's paper.
>
>This paper is distributed only for discussion within the Irish-Diaspora
>list. Copyright remains with David Fitzpatrick. Note that this is an
>informal version of the paper - a full academic version of the paper may
>appear elsewhere at a later date.
>
>Again, our thanks to David for this courtesy.
>
>Patrick O'Sullivan
>