From: "C. McCaffrey"
Subject: No Irish need?

Irish Diaspora wrote:
"No Irish Need Apply" signs never actually existed. They
were a metaphor, like "American streets are paved with
gold." ...
However, no sober archivist, museum curator or historian has ever
located such a sign, or even a photograph of one.


I find this whole discussion very interesting. Rising from the ashes of
one's own defeat [never mind Angela's] is such a part of the American
psyche that this type of 'invention' comes as no surprise. The lower
the rung the higher the climb and final achievement. Can anyone
substantiate this on the phantom signs?

Carmel

From: "Matthew Barlow"
Subject: Re: Ir-D No Irish need?

Regarding the "No Irish Need Apply" signs, family legend has it that similar
signs were to be found around early 20th century Montreal: "No Jews, No
Irish, No Dogs." London also apparently had plenty of "No Blacks, No Irish,
No Dogs" signs outside of various establishments. One would assume that
this would have extended to jobs.
Matthew

From: Cymru66[at]aol.com
Subject: Re: Ir-D No Irish need?

I can't substantiate anything re existence or not of 'No Irish need apply'
signs. What I can relate, perfectly soberly, is the sight of a sign on a
driveway of a large, handsome house which bore the legend ' Only Irish may
park here'. The house is in the ultra-plush suburb in which my University is
located. The houses in said suburb start at a modest half a million dollars
in price and go up from there. There is a large WASP population there
sporting names like O'Carroll, Burke, Quinn and Murphy. Celebration of
affluence obviously prompted one of the latter to get one back at the
oppressors.
That's the problem with myths. Enduring, motivating and guilt-relieving.
Cheers,
John Hickey

From: "Thomas J. Archdeacon"
Subject: No Irish Need Apply

Here now comes a true test of memory and of historical construction. Back
in 1965 I was writing my MA essay on state politics in New York. For those
who are truly interested {which is undoubtedly a null set}, it was an essay
on the upstate "Erie Canal Ring," which Governor Samuel Tilden brought down
after he defeated the "Tweed Ring" in NYC. As I remember it, when I went
through NYC newspapers from the time, there were many remarks in ads for
domestics that Irish were not wanted. I can't recall if the phrase "no
Irish Need Apply" was actually used, but the employer did indicate that they
were not preferred.

Of course, my mind may be playing tricks on me, but, at the time, I wasn't
working on Irish ethnicity and I had no professional interest in it. Being
the son of Irish immigrants, however, the ads caught my attention because I
had heard of the "No Irish Need Apply" stories. The ads were part and
parcel of a number of odd things in the newspaper that caught my attention.
To end on a gruesome note, I'll also recall for you a "human interest" story
about a little girl who sat beside a mouse hole in her apartment and
strangled any of the little beasties that ventured forth. Even then I was
astute enough to think that the writer's light-hearted description of her
behavior was a bit off the mark.

Tom.

From: Kerby Miller
Subject: Re: Ir-D No Irish need?

Without hunting for them, I have seen numerous "No Irish Need Apply"
servant- or worker-wanted advertisements in mid-19th-century American
newspapers (e.g., New York TRIBUNE, New York HERALD in late 1840s and
1850s), and some of them amplify to the effect that "Any color or
race [acceptable] except Irish." For how long such ads were common
in big- (or small-) city newspapers in the East (or elsewhere), I
don't know.

Thus, whereas "No Irish Need Apply" SIGNS--as on front lawns or in
front of stores--may (or may not) by apocryphal, they would certainly
not be an illogical extension of a quite common and quite public
reality.

Sorry,

Kerby Miller.



>From: "C. McCaffrey"
>Subject: No Irish need?
>
>Irish Diaspora wrote:
>"No Irish Need Apply" signs never actually existed. They
> were a metaphor, like "American streets are paved with
> gold." ...
>However, no sober archivist, museum curator or historian has ever
> located such a sign, or even a photograph of one.
>
>
>I find this whole discussion very interesting. Rising from the ashes of
>one's own defeat [never mind Angela's] is such a part of the American
>psyche that this type of 'invention' comes as no surprise. The lower
>the rung the higher the climb and final achievement. Can anyone
>substantiate this on the phantom signs?
>
>Carmel

From: DanCas1[at]aol.com
Subject: Re: Ir-D Signs of the Times


A Chairde:

Re: Signs of The Times

The Irish Need Not Apply trope refers primarily to the anti-Catholic,
anti-Irish classified employment advertisements that appeared in newspapers
throughout the United States and Canada from at least 1790-1930. Up until
the
mid-19th century, those classified and employment notices made up the front
page of most newspapers.

By my own rough underestimate, the NY Times, for instance, ran perhaps
10,000
advertisement notices of the "Irish Need Not Apply" type from 1855-1930. The
wording in these employment ads varies: "Protestant only" is very popular,
at
least in NYC, in all decades; though a variety of phrases appear. The
anti-Irish, anti-Catholic prohibition is included, as well, in notices for
rooms-to-let, boarding houses, residential hotels, private schools, etc.

However, so as not to unfairly traduce only the "employing classes, I should
point out that male and female servants, clericals, teachers, and a wide
variety others seeking employment in the classified ads of The New York
Times
(& other major newspapers) in the 19th and 20th century, would frequently
feature "Protestant Cook" or "Scotch Protestant Laundress" or "Native
American Coachman" in bold faced caps over their own employment wanted
notices.

Is this an example of how sectors of the US population managed to transcend
narrow class divisions around a unifying principle?


Daniel Cassidy

Reply-To: "Edward O'Donnell"
Subject: Re: Ir-D No Irish need?

This "No Irish Need Apply" discussion requires some clarification. Two
points in brief:

1. The commonly held belief is that "No Irish" signs were placed at
factories and building sites. No hard evidence of such "signs" exists.

2. However, when one looks at classified ads in US newspapers, it becomes
clear that Irish women were the main targets of "No Irish" bigotry (not
surprisingly, since domestic servants worked in the homes of their
employers, as compared to Irish men who worked as laborers in factories,
canals, etc).

Here are two examples found in Robert Ernst, Immigrant Life in New York
City, 1825-1863 (Columbia Press, 1949)

"WANTED-- An English or American woman, that understands cooking, and to
assist in the work generally if wished; also a girl to do chamber work.
None need apply without a recommendation from their last place. IRISH
PEOPLE need not apply, nor anyone who will not arise at 6 o'clock, as the
work is light and the wages are sure. Inquire 359 Broadway."
- -- The American (no date), cited in the The Truth Teller, Dec 28, 1933

"WOMAN WANTED -- to do housework ... English, Scotch, Welsh, German, or any
country or color except Irish."
- -- New York Daily Sun, May 11, 1853

Note the reference to "color" may add to the earlier discussion of whether
or not the Irish were considered non-white.

Ed O'Donnell
History Dept
Hunter College
New York
odonnell1[at]earthlink.net


- ----- Original Message -----
From:
To:
Sent: Tuesday, March 27, 2001 3:30 PM
Subject: Ir-D No Irish need?


>
> From: "C. McCaffrey"
> Subject: No Irish need?
>
> Irish Diaspora wrote:
> "No Irish Need Apply" signs never actually existed. They
> were a metaphor, like "American streets are paved with
> gold." ...
> However, no sober archivist, museum curator or historian has ever
> located such a sign, or even a photograph of one.
>
>
> I find this whole discussion very interesting. Rising from the ashes of
> one's own defeat [never mind Angela's] is such a part of the American
> psyche that this type of 'invention' comes as no surprise. The lower
> the rung the higher the climb and final achievement. Can anyone
> substantiate this on the phantom signs?
>
> Carmel
>
>

From: "noel gilzean"
Subject: Re: Ir-D No Irish need?

Hi
I have never seen these signs either. But I have seen signs in pub windows
that state 'No Travellers' but the only evidence you would find to back
this up would be if the proprietors were prosecuted under race relations
legislation, and the case was reported in the newspapers. Other than the
reports of people who claim to have seen them what sort of evidence could we
reasonably expect to exist?
Noel
[Huddersfield]


From: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk
Reply-To: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk
To: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk
Subject: Ir-D No Irish need?
Date: Tue 27 Mar 2001 20:30:00 +0000

From: "C. McCaffrey"
Subject: No Irish need?

Irish Diaspora wrote:
"No Irish Need Apply" signs never actually existed. They
were a metaphor, like "American streets are paved with
gold." ...
However, no sober archivist, museum curator or historian has ever
located such a sign, or even a photograph of one.


I find this whole discussion very interesting. Rising from the ashes of
one's own defeat [never mind Angela's] is such a part of the American
psyche that this type of 'invention' comes as no surprise. The lower
the rung the higher the climb and final achievement. Can anyone
substantiate this on the phantom signs?

Carmel

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Moderator's Note:
As the revolving earth moves, so does this discussion... All previous
contributions came from the USA - Noel Gilzean has just written from
Huddersfield, England.

I thought it right to draw attention to this aspect of the discussion -
which would otherwise have remained invisible. Could people, please,
remember our guidelines, and give some sort of academic affiliation or rough
geographic location with their emails? Yes, it is a courtesy - other people
do like to know where you are writing from. But also, cumulatively - as in
this case - it is a part of the evidence.

Such geographic indications should not be sent as email attachments, such as
Microsoft Outlook 'visiting cards'. These are simply gobbled up by our
firewalls.

Patrick O'Sullivan

- --
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Irish-Diaspora list
Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/

Personal Fax National 0870 284 1580
Fax International +44 870 284 1580

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Interdisciplinary Human Studies
University of Bradford
Bradford BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England

From: ppo[at]aber.ac.uk
Subject: No Irish Need Apply

The debate about whether there actually were signs which stated in so many
words 'No Irish Need Apply' has inadvertently raised an issue I encountered
in my work on the Irish in Wales which is, I think, germane to the
discussion. From the evidence I read in Welsh language newspapers and
periodicals it was clear to me that there was a deep-rooted antagonism in
Welsh culture to the Irish (which began to disappear frm the 1880s), yet
the repertoire of anti-Irish words or terms of abuse was limited. It slowly
dawned on me that one of the reasons for this was that the very terms for
Irishman/woman (Gwyddel/Gwyddeles), which are now seen as neutral,
themselves carried the negative emotional impact of a term of abuse. My
point is this: might there be cases where other terms, apparently neutral
to a modern reader, were used in the past to convey the meaning of 'No
Irish Need Apply' without it being necessarily stated in so many words.
Some of the contributions to this debate from America appear to indicate
that that could be the case. In these circumstances, the precise
formulation 'No Irish Need Apply' might have been less common than the
reality of specific situations. My impression (and it is no more than that)
is that this was the case in Britain.

Just a thought.

Paul O'Leary


Dr Paul O'Leary
Adran Hanes a Hanes Cymru / Dept of History and Welsh History
Prifysgol Cymru Aberystwyth / University of Wales Aberystwyth
Aberystwyth
Ceredigion SY23 3DY

Tel: 01970 622842
Fax: 01970 622676

From: "Dale B. Light"
Subject: Re: Ir-D No Irish need?

I recall seeing seeing a songsheet from around the turn of the century
titled "No Irish Need Apply." As I remember it the song describes the
singer's indignation at seeing the sign posted in a window and his
subsequent trouncing of the proprietor who dared post it.

Dale




At 08:30 PM 3/27/01 +0000, you wrote:
>
>From: "C. McCaffrey"
>Subject: No Irish need?
>
>Irish Diaspora wrote:
>"No Irish Need Apply" signs never actually existed. They
> were a metaphor, like "American streets are paved with
> gold." ...
>However, no sober archivist, museum curator or historian has ever
> located such a sign, or even a photograph of one.
>
>
>I find this whole discussion very interesting. Rising from the ashes of
>one's own defeat [never mind Angela's] is such a part of the American
>psyche that this type of 'invention' comes as no surprise. The lower
>the rung the higher the climb and final achievement. Can anyone
>substantiate this on the phantom signs?
>
>Carmel
>

From: "Bruce Stewart"
Organization: University of Ulster
Subject: Re: Ir-D No Irish 6

When I travelled to London in search of work during a pre-university
year in 1967, 'No Irish or Blacks' was a common notice on the
hoardings outside the tube station and on the windows of B&B
establishments in NW14.

I worked for a time at a pub in Edmonston but was sacked for
incompetence - not knowing the mixers worth a damn. There was a
brilliant stabbing in the pub while I was there but neither the victim
nor the malefactor was Irish.

I really had no trouble finding places to stay because I was not
conspicuously 'Irish' - a perception that I leave it to others to define
(it was never a matter of passports at any rate). I eventually fetched
up in a house on Finsbury Square run by an Irish couple who
managed it for the owner. It was a bit of a madhouse.

As apart the Hungarian revolutionaries belatedly on the scene, the
manager himself was the most far-fetched character. He died while
working at Leadenhall meat-market under the influence of
hallucinogenics, as I was told, and was carried down the line on a
hook designed for slaughtered cattle.

Bruce



Subject: Ir-D No Irish 6
Date sent: Wed 28 Mar 2001 10:30:00 +0000
From: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk
Send reply to: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk
To: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk


From: "noel gilzean"
Subject: Re: Ir-D No Irish need?

Hi
I have never seen these signs either. But I have seen signs in pub windows
that state 'No Travellers' but the only evidence you would find to back
this up would be if the proprietors were prosecuted under race relations
legislation, and the case was reported in the newspapers. Other than the
reports of people who claim to have seen them what sort of evidence could we
reasonably expect to exist?
Noel
[Huddersfield]


From: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk
Reply-To: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk
To: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk
Subject: Ir-D No Irish need?
Date: Tue 27 Mar 2001 20:30:00 +0000

From: "C. McCaffrey"
Subject: No Irish need?

Irish Diaspora wrote:
"No Irish Need Apply" signs never actually existed. They
were a metaphor, like "American streets are paved with
gold." ...
However, no sober archivist, museum curator or historian has ever
located such a sign, or even a photograph of one.


I find this whole discussion very interesting. Rising from the ashes of
one's own defeat [never mind Angela's] is such a part of the American
psyche that this type of 'invention' comes as no surprise. The lower
the rung the higher the climb and final achievement. Can anyone
substantiate this on the phantom signs?

Carmel



bsg.stewart[at]ulst.ac.uk
Languages & Lit/English
University of Ulster
tel 44 (0)28 703 24355
fax 44 (0)28 703 24963

From: "Bruce Stewart"
Subject: PGIL-EIRData Web Address

The Princess Grace Irish Library's Electronic Irish Records
Website (EIRData) is located at http://www.pgil-eirdata.org

bsg.stewart[at]ulst.ac.uk
Languages & Lit/English
University of Ulster
tel 44 (0)28 703 24355
fax 44 (0)28 703 24963

5th Annual Trieste Joyce School

Forwarded on behalf of John McCourt...


Just to let you know about The Fifth Annual Trieste Joyce School. Please
spread the word to people who might be interested. Up to 12 full and partial
scholarships are available. Our new internet site
(www.univ.trieste.it/nirdange/school/index.html ) will be up and running
from 2 April.

Best wishes

John McCourt



The Fifth Annual

Trieste Joyce School.

1 - 7 July 2001

University of Trieste

Trieste Joyce School, Dipartimento di letterature e civiltà
anglo-germaniche, University of Trieste, via Lazzaretto vecchio 8, 34137
Trieste, Italy.

Director: Renzo S. Crivelli

Programme Director: John McCourt

Email: mccourt[at]univ.trieste.it or derosa[at]univ.trieste.it

Fax: --39040 6767247

Internet http: // www.univ.trieste.it/nirdange/school/index.html



Speakers:

LUCIA BOLDRINI (Goldsmiths' College, University of London), ROSA MARIA
BOSINELLI (University of Forlì), AUSTIN BRIGGS (Hamilton College, New York),
NEIL DAVISON (Oregon State University), RON EWART (University of San
Gallen), KALINA FILIPOVA (University of Sofia), ANNE FOGARTY (University
College Dublin), MARIANNA GULA (University of Debrecen), SEBASTIAN KNOWLES
(Ohio State University), GEERT LERNOUT (University of Antwerp), EDNA LONGLEY
(Queen's University Belfast), MICHAEL LONGLEY (Belfast), JOHN MCCOURT
(University of Trieste), JOSEPH SCHORK (University of Massachusetts), FRITZ
SENN (Zurich James Joyce Foundation), WOLFGANG WICHT (Berlin), ROMANA ZACCHI
(University of Bologna).

From: "Bruce Stewart"
Subject: Access to EIRDATA

Dear Friends,

It seems that we have been having intermittent trouble with the
Registration Page on EIRData for some time. Possibly you tried to
reach our Front Page and failed.

We have now removed the Registration process that was causing
the obstruction. All you have to do is: Click Logon, and then
'Accept' our conditions. After that you will immediately reach the
Front Page.As before, feedback is always welcome.

With thanks,

Bruce Stewart (EIRData Director).


bsg.stewart[at]ulst.ac.uk
Languages & Lit/English
University of Ulster
tel 44 (0)28 703 24355
fax 44 (0)28 703 24963

From: Ultan Cowley
Subject: IR-D. No Irish

Perhaps one difficulty here is that this phenomenon may have a more recent
history in Britain than in the US?

Kerby Miller can confidently refer to 'a quite common and quite public
reality' but this seems to take the from of items in old newspapers, etc.,
rather than living testimony.

Noel Gilzean, on the other hand, writing from the UK, sensibly asks, 'Other
than the reports of people who claim to have seen them, what sort of
evidence could we reasonably expect to exist?'. Bruce Stewart follows this
comment with his account of first-hand sightings of such in London in the
late 'Sixties, thereby providing the sort of direct evidence to which Noel
refers.

Surely, in the case of Britain, there are enough of us out there still free
from Alzheimer's to conclusively put this to bed with our own personal
recollections of what was, incontrovertibly, 'a quite common and quite
public reality' in Britain until relatively recent times? What is there to
discuss, really?

Concerning the infamous accommodation notices in English cities barring
Blacks, dogs, and Irish, I would point out in mitigation of this stance
that, apropos of the Irish navvies, it was commonplace for men to
practically boast about their habit of 'damping down the bed', in digs
etc., under the constant influence of too much drink.

When we consider that on accasion there may have been two such men in each
bed, and several beds in each room, and several rooms in each boarding
house, and perhaps even alternate shifts sharing this accommodation, how
many mattresses could a landlord/landlady be expected to replace before
re-thinking her letting policy?

Ultan Cowley

Forwarded on behalf of Peter Gray...

Dear Colleagues

'Victoria's Ireland?' Conference
Society for the Study of 19th Century Ireland
University of Southampton, 20-22 April 2001

The full programme of the Southampton conference is on the website
at: http://www.soton.ac.uk/~pg2/SSNCI2001.htm

It would be very helpful if I could have all registrations (with
cheques) by the end of next week.
best wishes
Peter Gray


----------------------
Dr Peter Gray
Department of History
University of Southampton, UK
Email: pg2[at]soton.ac.uk
Homepage: http://www.soton.ac.uk/~pg2/index.html

'Victoria's Ireland?' Conference
Society for the Study of 19th Century Ireland
University of Southampton, 20-22 April 2001
http://www.soton.ac.uk/~pg2/SSNCI2001.htm

Forwarded on behalf of...

Northampton Connolly Association
5 Woodland Avenue
Abington
Northampton NN3 2BY

Tel. 01604-715793

E-mail: pmcelt[at]cs.com


Current Projects.

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5. A Hairshirt for Mary Horan
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7. The Story of Mr Barker
8. Talking to the BBC
9. Not long for Laing
10. Return to Dublin.
11. The Crack
12. Kit's Story
13. The Works
14. Sweeney
15. Dónall Peadar Mac Amhlaigh - in Irish

An Irish Community Arts Project

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==========================================
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the Celtic languages. His prints on stones and tiles were especially
pleasing. There is great potential in this area.

David Nicholls is a freelance artist of some repute. His work is mainly in
pencil with shading. His designs are all original, based of course on the
traditional Celtic manuscripts. You have to see this work to appreciate the
new explorations on the basic inherited designs. His designs are an
exploration of the variations in Celtic design. Budding Celtic artists could
learn a lot here.

The blurb tells us that this exhibition is to enlighten and inform and the
eight pages on the history of the Celts and their culture must be read. The
Librarian is arranging school visits and children will be encouraged to make
their own designs or colour in freely supplied pre-printed Celtic designs.

The Irish dancing costumes were presented courtesy of the Rhona Baldry
Academy of Dancing and the Fiona McMahon School of Dancing. The facsimile
of
the Book of Kells was loaned by Mary Clifford.

Peter Mulligan who put this exhibition together tells me that the next one
is
already planned and he would like Celtic artists from around the work to
submit designs via the internet. He can be contacted at pmcelt[at]cs.com.

Sean O Lynn

Press Release - immediate
from
Northampton Connolly Association
5 Woodland Avenue
Abington
Northampton NN3 2BY

Tel. 01604-715793

E-mail: pmcelt[at]cs.com

Celtic artists excelled in decorating objects and used beautiful
combinations
of curved lines and spirals which were based on natural forms such as
plants,
animals and birds. The exhibition will feature textile wall hangings
incorporating these classic designs.

A number of Celtic artists have contributed work which includes glass
etchings, tiles, pottery, fabric squares, leather work, posters, Celtic art
cards, prints on stone and slate.

The exhibition will include a display of lavishly decorated Irish dancing
costumes.

A facsimile of the famous book of Kells will be on display. Its decoration
and calligraphy make it one of the most beautiful books in the world.

An activity table will include pre-printed Celtic art posters for children
to
colour in. Children from local schools will visit and get involved.

Contributing artists
Andy Sloss
Cynthia R Matyi Tony Teevan
David Nicholls
Joy Daniels
Peter Mulligan
Rhona Baldry Dancing Academy Fiona McMahon School of Dancing
Irish Community Arts Project
--------------------------------------
Irish Christmas cards now available. £6.00 for ten - greeting in Irish and
English.
An Irish Community Arts Project now it its 26th year.
Chair
Simon Draper
Secretary
Peter Mulligan
Treasurer
Martin Cleere

From: DanCas1[at]aol.com
Subject: Re:The Dipsomaniacal Irish Worker Serial Boardinghouse-Bedwetting
Syndrome

In a message dated 3/29/01 11:39:57 AM Pacific Standard Time,
irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk writes:


> , I would point out in mitigation of this stance
> that, apropos of the Irish navvies, it was commonplace for men to
> practically boast about their habit of 'damping down the bed', in digs
> etc., under the constant influence of too much drink.
>
>

A Chairde:

The caint on this particular topic of "No Irish Need Apply" has taken a turn
into the toilet, or perhaps the surreal toilet.

Is there a mite or mote or scintilla of reliable evidence: citations,
articles, interviews with landladies or boarding house housekeepers, oral
histories, memoirs, or research that has been conducted into this
"commonplace" Dipsomaniacal Irish Worker Serial Boardinghouse Bedwetting
Syndrome?

At the expense of sounding maudlin, I should state that I was only able to
attend college because of wages earned by a long line of laborers and
workers, born in Ireland, some of whom were, undoubtedly, hard drinkers, and
some of whom lived in men's boarding houses in Brooklyn and lower Manhattan.

I have never in my semi-long life ever heard a single Irish or Irish
American
worker, either drunk or sober, brag about pissing in their bed. And, I have
personally known and/or worked on construction sites all over the city of NY
with hundreds of them; as well as being related by blood to scores, both
living and dead.

Bed-pissing as a mitigating factor in the banning of Irish workers from
London housing is a new one for me.

Why am I feeling pissed off?

Daniel Cassidy
Director
The Irish Studies Program
An Leann Eireannach
New College of California
San Francisco


- -

Forwarded on behalf of
Dr Jacqueline Belanger, School of English, Communication, and Philosophy,
Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10 3XB, Wales, UK. Email:
belangerj[at]cardiff.ac.uk.


FINAL CALL FOR PAPERS
FACTS AND FICTIONS: IRELAND AND THE NOVEL IN THE NINETEENTH CENTURY

Centre for Editorial and Intertextual Research, Cardiff University, 14-16
September 2001

Plenary Lectures
Joep Leerssen, 'Historical Fiction as History Writing'
Josephine McDonagh, 'Populations and the Novel'

Plenary Panel, debating the question 'How to define the Irish novel?'
Marilyn Butler, Joe Cleary, Ina Ferris, Margaret Kelleher, and Norman Vance

Special Panels Include:
Women's Fiction and Irish Literary History: Field Day Vol. IV
Geraldine Meaney, Riana O'Dwyer, Siobhán Kilfeather

Bibliography and the National Canon : Scotland, Ireland, and Wales
Peter Garside, Rolf Loeber, Andrew Davies

We invite papers on any aspect of the intersection between Ireland and the
novel in the nineteenth century. Some suggested topics include: definitions
of the Irish 'national tale', bibliographic recovery work and the canon,
British and Irish publishing relations and the novel. The organisers plan to
publish a collection of essays based on the conference proceedings. Papers
will generally be 20 minutes long. Suggestions for panels are also welcome.

Please send abstracts by April 27, 2001 to Dr Jacqueline Belanger, School of
English, Communication, and Philosophy, Cardiff University, Cardiff CF10
3XB, Wales, UK. Email: belangerj[at]cardiff.ac.uk.

For further information, see www.cf.ac.uk/encap/ceir/facts

With the support of the British Academy and the Irish Cultural Relations
Committee