The following item has been brought to our attention...

P.O'S.

Subject: FW: LA Times on Museum Plans of Irish America

Your own line breaks might fracture the full Web address
http://www.latimes.com/news/local/la-000071551sep04.story?coll=la%2Dheadline
s%2Dcalifornia
but if you go to
http://www.latimes.com/news/local/
and scroll down to fourth story under Los Angeles
you'll find it under heading
"Irish Americans Decry Lack of Heritage Center"

LOS ANGELES
Irish Americans Decry Lack of Heritage Center

By PATRICIA WARD BIEDERMAN, TIMES STAFF WRITER

It made no sense to Irish Americans Jim McMahon and Bill Robertson.

Why did Jewish Americans have the Skirball Cultural Center, black Angelenos
the California African American Museum in Exposition Park and Japanese
Americans a museum in Little Tokyo, while the estimated 1 million Irish
Americans in Los Angeles had no museum or major cultural center?

Subject: Re: Ir-D Carletons in Australia
From: Eileen A Sullivan

Elizabeth

Many thanks for the Carleton data. Do give your student an A plus for her
research.

I am not sure that the data on William Carleton is of WC, Jr I will
check further.

Date of birth would correspond to C's son who was born in Dublin. J R
Carleton is definitely his grandson. If you can establish that the WC is
his father, then he is my William Carleton's son.

For ten days, I will be vacationing at Captiva Island in the Gulf of
Mexico off Fort Myers. Then from Sept 27-30, I'll be in Boston for the
ACIS conference at Boston Univ, chairing a panel on Heaney's and Carson's
poetry. Expect to get a few answers to nagging questions.

Will be in touch.



Dr. Eileen A. Sullivan, Director
The Irish Educational Association, Inc. Tel # (352) 332
3690
6412 NW 128th Street E-Mail :
eolas1[at]juno.com
Gainesville, FL 32653

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

We do not follow events in Northern Ireland in great detail here on the
Irish-Diaspora list. We tend to assume that people with a special interest
have their own routes. And, as recent events have shown, the following of events can in itself be a full-time job.

In any case discussion of the conflicts in Northern Ireland tends to very
quickly become polarised, and unproductive. But we should not forget the
Irish Diaspora dimensions to all this, on world perceptions of Ireland and
the Irish, and 'readings' of 'Irishness'...

On that note, our attention has been directed to the following web site...
http://members.nbci.com/jweaver300/pa/dinsm1.htm

where can be found this text...

The Scotch-Irish in America
Their History, Traits, Institutions and Influences, Especially as
Illustrated in the Early Settlers of Western Pennsylvania and their
Descendants
by
John Walker Dinsmore
Published by the Winona Publishing Company, Chicago, Illinois, 1906.

The same text can be found at
Regional E-Books, Journal Articles, and Book Sellers - New River Notes
http://www.upmj.co.uk/ulster-irish.htm

where the title has become...
The Ulster Scotch-Irish in America

Their History, Traits, Institutions and Influences, Especially as
Illustrated in the Early Settlers of Western Pennsylvania and their
Descendants
by John Walker Dinsmore

In both cases Copyright is claimed by Jeffrey C. Weaver, Arlington, VA. I
am not clear on what basis copyright is claimed in a text published in 1906.

But it is a fascinating text, used today in intriguing ways...

P.O'S.

- --
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Irish-Diaspora list
Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/
Irish Diaspora Net Archive http://www.irishdiaspora.net

Personal Fax National 0870 284 1580
Fax International +44 870 284 1580

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Interdisciplinary Human Studies
University of Bradford
Bradford BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England

From: McCaffrey
Subject: Re: Ir-D Irish Reformations 3

Elizabeth,
I certainly agree with Canny re the 19th century. That really was the time
of
the birth of Irish Catholicism as we know it - speaking for myself who grew
up
in Ireland. And yes, the 21st century is/will be perhaps the demise of
Christianity. My own take on this is that Irish Catholicism, being founded
in
the 19th century developed along the lines of national consciousness and the
'devotional revolution' became a part of national identity. The rituals
became
a key part of national identity. When the changes demanded by the Vatican
Council were introduced they were impossible to reconcile with the question
of
'devotional identity' with the actual rituals. So when the rituals changed,
the
religious practices fell off. I can remember in a rural area a woman saying
to
me that she no longer went to communion because one of her neighbours whom
she
referred to as 'the red fella' was distributing the communion wafer - 'no
way,'
she said ' am I taking communion from the red fella.' Of course the stage
was
set and ripe for all the scandals to finish the job.
As regards the 12th century. I do feel that apart from the Norman arrival
there
was the destruction of the native Irish religious houses which flourished
until
that time and the propaganda against the Irish Christian practices really
did
much damage to the 'native' form of Christianity. Bernard and Giraldus
being
the main culprits! Not that Rome took over, by no means did this happen then
but
it was what was destroyed was the issue, I think, not what was built. Anyway
I
would be interested in hearing from anyone on this.
Carmel

irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk wrote:

> From: Elizabeth Malcolm
> Subject: Re: Ir-D Irish Reformations 2
>
> I'm no medievalist, Carmel, but my impression was that the 12th
> century Reformation had only a limited impact. Certainly the dioceses
> and archdioceses were established. But the Cistercians, who were
> introduced by Malachy and Bernard in the 1140s to revitalise the
> Irish church, were being criticised for conforming to Irish ways as
> early as the 1220s - and they continued to do so. Also the Papacy
> didn't seem to exercise much control in the 14th and 15th centuries,
> understandably given its own problems at the time. What seemed more
> important to me in the 12th century was the Norman invasion and the
> division of the church into a Norman church and an Irish church. I
> have the following on the topic, although admittedly they're all a
> bit old now, and have relied on them for information - plus of course
> Art Cosgrove's medieval volume for the 'New History of Ireland':
>
> J.A. Watt, 'The Church and the Two Nations in Medieval Ireland',
> Cambridge, 1970
> --- 'The Church in Medieval Ireland', Dublin, 1972
> Aubrey Gwynn, 'The Twelth-Century Reformation', Dublin, 1968
>
> Perhaps there's something new and major available that takes a
> different approach. Any medieval church historians out there who know?
>
> Also Nick Canny seems to think that the BIGGEST change in Irish
> Christianity actually happened in the 19th century - ie what Larkin's
> called the 'Devotional Revolution'. If I had to nominate critical
> centuries I would certainly include the 12th, but also the 16th and
> 19th - and naturally the 5th - with a question mark against the 21st:
> the demise of Irish Christianity???
>
> Elizabeth
>
> >From: McCaffrey
> >Subject: Re: Ir-D Irish Reformations
> >
> >How about the big one. The twelfth century reformation which ended the
> >Irish
> >monastic way of life and attempted to put the Irish church directly under
> >the
> >Papacy. Probably was the most significant change in Irish Christianity.
> >Carmel McC
> >
> >irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk wrote:
> >
> > > From: Elizabeth Malcolm
> > > Subject: Irish Reformations
> > >
> > > I am lecturing on the topic this week and next. I'd recommend the
> > > following in no particular order:
> > >
> > > S.A. Meigs, 'The Reformations in Ireland...1400-1690', Dublin, 1997
> > > Alan Ford (ed.), 'The Protestant Reformation in Ireland, 1590-1641,
> > > Dublin, 1997
> > > Brendan Bradshaw, 'The Dissolution of the Religious Orders in Ireland
> > > under Henry VIII', Cambridge, 1974
> > > --- 'Sword, Word and Strategy in the Reformation in Ireland',
> > > Historical Journal, 21 (1978)
> > > N. Canny, 'The Failure of the Reformation in Ireland...', Jnl. of
> > > Ecclesiastical History, 30 (1979)
> > > K. Bottigheimer, 'The Failure of the Reformation in Ireland...', Jnl.
> > > of Ecclesiastical History, 36 (1985)
> > > P.J. Corish (ed), 'A History of Irish Catholicism. Volume 3: First
> > > Impact of the Reformation; The Counter Reformation', Dublin, 1967
> > > --- 'The Catholic Community in the 17th and 18th Centuries', Dublin,
> 1981
> > > John Bossy, 'The Counter Reformation and the People of Catholic
> > > Ireland', Historical Studies, 8 (1971)
> > >
> > > I'd also point out that there actually 2 reformations in Ireland in
> > > the 16th/17th centuries: a Protestant one and a Catholic Counter
> > > Reformation.
> > >
> > > Elizabeth Malcolm
> > >
> > > Professor Elizabeth Malcolm Tel: +61-3-8344 3924
> > > Chair of Irish Studies FAX: +61-3-8344 7894
> > > Department of History Email:
e.malcolm[at]unimelb.edu.au
> > > University of Melbourne
> > > Parkville, Victoria, 3010
> > > AUSTRALIA
>
> Professor Elizabeth Malcolm Tel: +61-3-8344 3924
> Chair of Irish Studies FAX: +61-3-8344 7894
> Department of History Email: e.malcolm[at]unimelb.edu.au
> University of Melbourne
> Parkville, Victoria, 3010
> AUSTRALIA

FORWARDED FOR INFORMATION...

From: Rosalie Sitman

Dear Colleagues,

I am happy to inform you that Vol. 12, No. 1 of Estudios
Interdisciplinarios de America Latina y el Caribe (enero-junio 2001),
devoted to "New Approaches to Brazilian Studies," under the guest
editorship of Prof. Jeffrey Lesser (Emory University), is now online. It
may be accessed through EIAL's website at:

http://www.tau.ac.il/eial/

Table of Contents

"Re-Thinking the New Approaches: An Introduction"
JEFFREY LESSER, Emory University

"The Problem of Missing Persons: Methodological Notes on
Japanese-Brazilian Identities"
DANIEL T. LINGER, University of California, Santa Cruz

"Under the Long Shadow of Getulio Vargas: A Research Chronicle"
JERRY DAVILA, Gustavus Adolphus College

"Sexualidade e Identidade na Historiografia Brasileira dos anos vinte e
trinta"
MARGARETH RAGO, IFCH-UNICAMP

"Challenging National Heroes and Myths: Male Homosexuality and Brazilian
History"
JAMES N. GREEN, California State University, Long Beach

"The Cronica, the City, and the Invention of the Underworld: Rio de
Janeiro, 1889-1922"
AMY CHAZKEL, Yale University

"Efeitos e imagens da mobilizacao civil na cidade de Sao Paulo durante a
Segunda Guerra Mundial"
RONEY CYTRYNOWICZ, Universidade de Sao Paulo

ENSAYOS BIBLIOGRAFICOS/REVIEW ESSAYS
Robert Stam: "Tropical Multiculturalism - A Comparative History of Race in
Brazilian Cinema & Culture," Durham and London: Duke University Press,1997.
TZVI TAL, Universidad de Tel Aviv

"A Reinvencao do Brasilianismo"
FABIANO MAISONNAVE, University of Connecticut

"A ditadura militar no Brasil - livros recentes"
FABIO BEZERRA DE BRITO, Universidade de Sao Paulo

NOTAS Y COMENTARIOS
"Sistemas productivos locales en America Latina: fortaleza o nueva
mitologia?"
XAVIER PAUNERO, Universidad de Girona

RESENNAS DE LIBROS/BOOK REVIEWS
Barbara Potthast, Karl Kohut, Gerd Kohlhepp (eds.): "El espacio interior de
America del Sur. Geografia, historia, politica, cultura,"
Madrid: Iberoamericana; Frankfurt/Main: Vervuert, 1999.
ROBERT W. WILCOX, Northern Kentucky University

Sandra McGee Deutsch: "Las Derechas. The Extreme Right in Argentina, Brazil
and Chile," Stanford: Stanford University Press, 1999.
MARIO SZNAJDER, Universidad Hebrea de Jerusalen

Michael L. Conniff (ed.): "Populism in Latin America," Tuscaloosa and
London: University of Alabama Press, 1999.
RAANAN REIN, Tel Aviv University

Peter Kingstone: "Crafting Coalitions for Reform. Business Preferences,
Political Institutions and Neoliberal Reform in Brazil,"
University Park, Pa: Pennsylvania State University Press, 1999.
SEBASTIAO C. VELASCO E CRUZ, State University of Campinas

Roney Cytrynowicz: "Guerra Sem Guerra: A Mobilizacao e o Cotidiano em Sao
Paulo Durante a Segunda Guerra Mundial," EdUSP, 2000.
BRYAN MCCANN, University of Arkansas

Joel Outtes: "O Recife: genese do urbanismo (1927-1943)," Recife: FUNDAJ,
Editora Massangana, 1997.
DURVAL MUNIZ DE ALBUQUERQUE JUNIOR, Universidade Federal da Paraiba

Sidney Chalhoub: "Corticos e epidemias na Corte Imperial, Sao Paulo,
Companhia das Letras, 1996.
JOEL OUTTES, Oriel College, Oxford

Paul Vanderwood: "The Power of God Against the Guns of Government:
Religious Upheaval in Mexico at the Turn of the Nineteenth Century,"
Stanford, CA: Stanford University Press, 1998.
EMILIO H. KOURI, Dartmouth College

Please address all enquiries to Prof. Raanan Rein, Editor, EIAL:
raanan[at]post.tau.ac.il or to institut[at]post.tau.ac.il

Cordially,

Rosalie Sitman,
EIAL, Editor Adjunto

Forwarded for information...

Subject: Journal Submissions for _Labour History_

The new LABOR HISTORY--under new editorial direction-- is particularly
pleased
to invite manuscript contributions from members of H-Carribean as part of a
general expansion and redefinition of purpose. Below we offer a summary of
our revised aims and ambitions:

Labor History aims to be the pre-eminent site for scholarship in the history
of work and its representation, labor systems, social reproduction of labor,
social class, occupational culture and folklore, and worker migration as
well
as the place to go for new research and argument on the history of the labor
movement, labor politics, and industrial conflict and regulation. While
rooted
in studies of United States, LH seeks to contribute to a critical literacy
encompassing trans-national and even global historical transformations. To
that end we particularly welcome contributions in Canadian and Latin
America/Caribbean history. Seeking historical perspective, we invite
submissions on the designated themes not only from academic historians but
also from other scholars, journalists, labor educators, and
writer-activists.
Research articles, interpretive essays, and classroom-related materials-such
as a document or specific exercise-are equally welcome.

We intend to remain attuned to events in the world around us as well as
intellectual trends in the academy. On the former front, the contemporary
issues associated with "globalization"-incl. sweatshops,trade agreements,
new
immigration, and growing inequality-offer an opening wedge to a host of
issues
awaiting historical contextualization. To take advantage of this changing
world, we labor historians will need to expand our arena of curiosity and
sharpen our faculties of understanding. One dimension is geographic. Rather
than a journal of U.S. history, we hope that LH will become a journal of
"labor history of the Americas." On a more conceptual front, new features in
Contemporary Affairs and Arts and Media will allow us to stay abreast of
events effecting the labor movement and to the images of work and working
people within the larger culture. In addition, as a matter of format, we
hope
to revive the old Notes and Documents section (to highlight valuable primary
texts) and to open a new Teaching Labor History section emphasizing
innovative
pedagogy as well as other classroom-related resources.

All manuscript submissions to Leon Fink and editorial coordinator, LisaMary
Wichowski c/o Department of History m/c 198, University of Illinois at
Chicago, 913 University Hall, Chicago, IL 60607

All book review matters to Julie Greene and editorial assistant, R. Todd
Laugen c/o History Department, University of Colorado, CB # 234, Boulder, CO
80309-0234 .

Thank You

LisaMary Wichowski

Leon Fink
University of Illinois at Chicago

FORWARDED FOR INFORMATION...


H-NET BOOK REVIEW
Published by H-Albion[at]h-net.msu.edu (September, 2001)

W.P. Kelly, ed. _The Sieges of Derry_. Dublin: Four Courts
Press, 2001. 144 pp. Index. $35.00 (cloth), ISBN 1?85182?510?X.

Reviewed for H-Albion by D.W. Hayton ,
School of Modern History, The Queen's University of Belfast

Following the Drum

The 1990s witnessed several significant commemorations in
Ireland. In particular, the sesquicentenary of the Great Famine
and the bicentenary of the 1798 rebellion each gave rise to a
shower of conferences, events, exhibitions, and publications. In
turn, participation in the process of commemoration prompted
historians to reflect upon, and to investigate, the historical
experience of commemoration itself. The volume under
consideration here was presumably conceived as a contribution to
both genres, for it consists of accounts of some of the events
surrounding the siege of Derry in 1689, and extended commentary
on the ways in which this dramatic episode has been remembered
and re-enacted in Ulster. But, it is a mixed bag, to say the
least, and the cumulative effect is not very enlightening.

Only two essays are concerned with the background and immediate
consequences of the siege. The editor, W.P. Kelly, provides a
detailed narrative of a previous, "forgotten" siege in 1649, of
the Roundhead forces under Sir Charles Coote, who had taken
Derry on behalf of the English parliament. This is interesting
enough, but its implications for understanding the commemoration
of the more familiar events of 1689 must be indirect and
conjectural. The Scottish historian J.R. Young is,
surprisingly, the only contributor to direct his attention to
the Jacobite siege, but his approach is also oblique, for he
seeks to provide a Scottish perspective, drawing together
references from Scottish parliamentary records and some other
contemporary sources in order to understand how Scots responded
to events across the North Channel. The
conclusions--emphasizing familial and commercial links between
Presbyterians in Scotland and Ulster, a shared outlook and
sincere sympathies--will surprise no one. In practice, the
Scots were able to do little or nothing to influence the course
of the siege and its relief.

The history of commemoration fares little better. Serving as an
introduction to the volume is a brief historical survey by T.G.
Fraser, evidently a third recycling of a paper which the author
declares his intention of using yet again. There follows a
similar though more substantial piece by Jim Smyth, who traces
the historiography of the siege in more detail but offers little
advance on Ian McBride's recent book on the subject. (_The Siege
of Derry in Ulster Protestant Mythology_ [Dublin, 1997]). By
way of justification, Smyth concludes by dismissing the naive
aspirations to objectivity of "revisionist" historians who fail
to recognize their own prejudices and agendas. This is rhetoric
rather than argument and is in effect a _non sequitur_, since it
does not derive perceptibly from the material in the essay. By
contrast, Brendan Mac Suibhne offers an intriguing, and indeed
surprising, account, based closely on contemporary sources, of
popular political celebrations in Derry in 1779-80, some of
which were related specifically to commemoration of the siege.
These occasions were inspired and partly organized by the
Volunteers, those "patriotic" Protestant paramilitaries who took
up the cause of free trade and Irish legislative independence,
and were also strongly supported by a local newspaper, the
_Londonderry Journal_, and its enthusiastic proprietor, George
Douglas. Mac Suibhne's contention is that these episodes reveal
the "patriotism" of Derry's Presbyterians to have been not only
self-consciously "Irish" but vigorously anti-British. If true,
this would be a remarkably early example of such national
fervor, and a stark contrast to what was happening elsewhere in
Ulster in the 1770s; as for example, when Presbyterian voters in
County Antrim serenaded the successful "independent" candidate
in the 1776 general election with such "patriotic" ditties as
"Britons strike home." Unfortunately, the evidential base
employed by Mac Suibhne is slender, derived entirely from the
columns of the _Journal_, and there is little contextualization.
In particular, Mac Suibhne makes much of the long-standing
animosity between Church of Ireland Protestants and
presbyterians, but makes no reference to the important
distinctions within Ulster Presbyterianism, between "old" and
"new light" congregations, and the seceders. His rather
simplistic approach contrasts with Mark McGovern's much more
sensitive analysis of Protestant political culture in Derry in
the first half of the nineteenth century: a persuasive and
well-informed essay which turns our attention to the influence
of Protestant evangelicalism and the responses to O'Connell's
emancipation crusade in stiffening the attitudes of local
Presbyterians and building a political alliance between
conservative Presbyterians and Anglicans. Whereas Smyth and Mac
Suibhne, in trying to understand why "radical" Presbyterians
became "conservative" after 1800, concentrate on the effects of
the '98 and the government-inspired propaganda that followed
("What had happened between 1788 and 1829?," writes Smyth [p.
25]; "The short answer is the 1790s."), McGovern offers an
explanation in religious as well as political terms, and all the
more plausible for that.

The final essay on the commemorative theme, by Brian Walker,
gives what is in effect a potted history of the Apprentice Boys
and their activities, making good use of newspapers and some
quite obscure local sources. What emerges is, first, the
crucial importance of two decades, the 1840s (with O'Connell
again the specter at the feast) and the 1880s, in giving impetus
to the local growth of the movement in the nineteenth century,
and, second, the very much greater expansion, right across
Protestant Ulster, which has taken place since 1921. Walker
hints at an interpretation which would follow the notion of an
"invented" tradition, as developed by Eric Hobsbawm (whose name
he misspells), but shies away from this at the last minute. The
Apprentice Boys' commemorations are, it seems, a genuine
tradition after all, even if heavily inflated in the modern era.

There is one final paper, an essay by Robert Welch on Oliver
Goldsmith, but this has nothing whatsoever to say either on the
siege of Derry itself or its commemoration, and seems to have
wandered in from another collection. Its presence, although a
mystery, is however symptomatic of general editorial slackness.
There is no real introduction to the book (despite Fraser's
tacked-on historical survey); and nothing at all by way of
conclusion. The reader is left to infer what the general
purpose and thrust of the volume might be. Nor have the editor
and contributors been well served by the publisher. Production
values are distressingly low: far too many errors, especially in
the spelling of proper names; an absence of copy-editorial
control, which allows, for example, both "Derry" and
"Londonderry" to appear on the contents page and gives no
explanation of why "Derry" has generally been preferred in the
text; and no index. Overall, it is hard to resist the
conclusion that this is a ragbag, hastily assembled by an editor
and publisher in search of a book, rather than a work which has
emerged after a process of reflection on the part of an editor
and contributors who have something significant to say. This is
a great pity: the subject is good one, but it requires from its
historians more intellectual engagement than simply an eagerness
to clamber aboard a bandwagon, or, to use a more appropriate
metaphor perhaps, to run after a drum.

Copyright 2001 by H-Net, all rights reserved. H-Net permits the
redistribution and reprinting of this work for nonprofit,
educational purposes, with full and accurate attribution to the
author, web location, date of publication, originating list, and
H-Net: Humanities & Social Sciences Online. For other uses
contact the Reviews editorial staff: hbooks[at]mail.h-net.msu.edu.

FORWARDED FOR INFORMATION...


H-NET BOOK Review
Published by H-Albion[at]h-net.msu.edu (September, 2001)

Colm Lennon. _Archbishop Richard Creagh of Armagh, 1523-1586: An
Irish Prisoner Of Conscience of the Tudor Era_. Dublin: Four
Courts Press, 2000. Illustration, map, notes, bibliography and
index. 166 pp. $30.00 (cloth), ISBN 1-85182-473-1.

Reviewed for H-Albion by Vincent P. Carey
, Department of History, State
University of New York at Plattsburgh

Studies of the Protestant and Catholic reformations in Ireland
are rarely incorporated into the broader narrative of European
religious change in the early modern era. The seminal work of
Bob Scribner, Roy Porter, and Mikulá? Teich, ed., _The
Reformation in National Context_ (1994) did not even include an
Irish chapter, while the significant book by Thomas A. Brady,
Jr., Heiko A. Oberman, James D. Tracy, ed., _Handbook of
European History 1400-1600_, vol. 1 (1994) barely mentioned the
island in this context. This neglect has been somewhat
understandable in that, with the exception of the work of Alan
Ford and the combined efforts of Karl Bottigheimer and Ute
Lotz-Heumann, there has been a lack of recent accessible studies
of the Protestant or Catholic reform phenomenon in Ireland. Colm
Lennon's study of the life and times of the hitherto obscure
sixteenth century archbishop of Armagh Richard Creagh will
substantially help in advancing our understanding of the
emerging Catholic mission in Ireland and the state's efforts to
suppress it. Lennon sets out in this study through the medium
of biography to interweave Creagh's personal odyssey with the
social and cultural strands of what he refers to as the "new"
Irish reformation history. The fact that he succeeds admirably
is largely because he eschews narrow debate and instead
concentrates on telling a lively and engaging personal story
while at the same time illuminating the social and religious
context in which his subject operated.

The success of this approach is obvious from the start with the
chapter "Richard Creagh's Limerick." Lennon not only explores
the patrician and mercantile milieu in which Creagh grew up, but
also provides the reader with a captivating image of a city and
its people on the eve of and then in the midst of the first
efforts at state sponsored religious reform. What we find is a
provincial English-Irish city with a self-confident elite who
were able to adapt by and large to the spasmodic efforts on the
part of the crown administration to enforce religious change.
Through the lens of Creagh's youth we gain insight into a
community that educated many of its youth in English, Latin, and
even the commercially useful French. Creagh, like many of his
fellow citizens, was also fluent in Gaelic, the language of the
majority of the inhabitants of the island of Ireland. Creagh
was enamored enough of the language that later in life he would
write a humanist "scientific" study of its origins and
development. But this was to be in the future. His early years
suggested a typical career path of one of the merchant class; he
was apprenticed at an early age, and at age twenty-five sworn in
as a member of the merchant guild. This was the point at which
Creagh swore an oath of fealty to the English sovereign, an oath
to which he attempted to be scrupulously faithful despite the
horrors inflicted on him in the name of the same monarch. The
author approaches the development of Creagh's sudden priestly
vocation with some caution, appreciating as he does throughout
the book that so much of our information on the future
archbishop and martyr derives from polemic and Catholic reform
hagiography. Lennon is always judicious in his analysis of
these sources yet in such a manner that the dramatic story of
Creagh's life is allowed to unfold in a lively and uncluttered
manner.

Creagh's new direction in life took him to Louvain, to academic
study and eventual ordination in a university increasingly
imbued with the doctrines of the Council of Trent. Creagh was
at home in this environment and became a life-long advocate of
Tridentine reform even when this was not to his political
advantage as was to be the case in Gaelic Ulster. There is no
other scholar of early modern Irish history today that is as
knowledgeable as Lennon about the world of European Catholic
reform and the Irish exile contribution to it. The author
wonderfully reconstructs Creagh's time in Louvain and, later,
Rome and places his advancement in the church in the context of
broader post-Tridentine developments. The Limerick cleric's
continental contacts would include important figures such as
Ignatius of Loyola, Reginald Pole, Peter Canisius, and John
Clement. Despite being close to the Society of Jesus, and to
Loyola himself, Creagh seems to have hankered for the
contemplative life.

This was, of course, not to be and after a brief assignment as a
teacher in Limerick, Creagh was called to Rome to await further
appointment. Notwithstanding the brevity of his stay in his
hometown, this was a very productive time in his life. The
cleric established a grammar school that attempted to inculcate
the values of the Catholic reform movement in his students.
There is also evidence that he began writing a catechism of the
Catholic faith in both English and Gaelic and the treatise on
the Gaelic language previously noted. Both these works suggest
Creagh's intellectual ability but also his commitment to the
English-Irish humanist-inspired effort to reclaim Gaelic Ireland
through conciliation and education. Creagh's departure from
Limerick in 1562 was to mark the end of whatever hope he may
have had of a scholarly or contemplative life, as in March 1564
he was appointed archbishop of Armagh, a posting to a hostile
and disorganized mission field. Regardless of Creagh's personal
belief in the possibility of loyalty to the monarch and Catholic
adherence, he was to be a marked man for the rest of his life.
Arrested in Ireland on his way to his diocese, Creagh began the
first of his many incarcerations in the name of conscience.
Eventually sent to the Tower, he was variously interrogated by
the earl of Leicester, Sir Henry Sidney, the earl of Sussex, and
Sir William Cecil. The archbishop adamantly professed his
loyalty to Queen Elizabeth and pleaded for religious toleration
in Ireland. In a subsequent letter to the earl of Leicester he
argued for an apolitical Catholic episcopacy in Ireland, for the
possibility of rendering "to Caesar his own and to God his own."

Contemporary biographers interpreted Creagh's subsequent amazing
escape from the Tower as a sign of the archbishop's sanctity.
Lennon, of necessity, relies on these accounts as his basic
source but very carefully peals away what we would call the
"hype" to uncover the basic "facts" of the archbishop's career.
This is not as easy a task as it might appear at first glance
since Creagh's life story becomes increasingly dramatic and to
an extent almost unbelievable. His eventual escape from London
to Flanders was followed by an effort to reach Ireland where he
was betrayed by his crew and nearly died from premeditated
poisoning. When he finally reached his mission field in Ulster
in late 1566 he fell foul of his putative patron, the great
Gaelic lord, Shane O'Neill. O'Neill would later profess to hate
Creagh as much as Queen Elizabeth for his refusal to countenance
all out war on the English. The archbishop subsequently
excommunicated O'Neill for burning the Armagh cathedral, the
archbishop's principal diocesan church. This was hardly a good
start to a mission to bring reform Catholicism to Gaelic Ulster.

In truth Creagh failed miserably in Ulster and yet, despite
O'Neill's animosity to him, was compromised politically from
then on in the eyes of the authorities as complicitous in the
Gaelic potentate's war against the crown. Concerned for the
future of his mission and on the point of withdrawal, Creagh was
betrayed, and, once again, captured by the authorities. Starting
in April 1567, the archbishop began a sometimes-horrific twenty
years imprisonment in various English and Irish jails. Shuttled
between Dublin and London, Creagh became the focus of repeated
efforts on the part of Philip II of Spain and his ambassadors
for the archbishop's release. All of these were to no avail.
He was frequently held under the most brutal of conditions
including being shackled for eight years and at times kept in a
darkened cell. Yet the archbishop refused to accept offers of
release if he would consecrate bishops in the established
church. Nor surprisingly did he waver in his loyalty to
Elizabeth. Creagh refused to be involved in any plotting
against the queen and remained adamant in his stance of the
possibility of Catholic practice and loyalty to the monarch.
His reputation as a holy man and a loyalist prisoner of
conscience grew and, combined with an abhorrence for the
conditions under which he was held, caused him to become the
focus for religious resistance to the Elizabethan regime in
Dublin. He was in fact acquitted of charges of treason at his
trial in 1570, eventually becoming such a folk hero and potent
symbol that Lord Deputy Fitzwilliam was forced to send him back
to London in 1575.

Regarded as an enemy of the state by no lesser figures than
Burghley, Walsingham,and Leicester, Creagh spent his last years
in the Tower as the focus of a small evangelical prison mission.
The authorities assumed that by his assassination in late 1586
(the spy Robert Poley administered poisoned cheese) they could
rid themselves of a palpable thorn in their side, however, like
many repressive regimes in the past and the present, they were
only partially correct. Creagh as a murdered prisoner of
conscience went on to become an icon of a developing Catholic
reform martyrological tradition and by the 1620s had become the
unlikely of hero of an Irish Catholic "faith and fatherland"
struggle.

Colm Lennon is at pains, however, to avoid an interpretation of
Creagh as a proto-nationalist activist. For the author the
archbishop's origins in the English-Irish patrician world
determined his loyalty to the crown, a loyalty that from a
modern perspective seems illogical given his treatment at the
hands of the Elizabethan regime. Attempting to avoid
contemporary historical controversy, Lennon concentrates on
enriching our understanding of the world of Catholic reform and
its early introduction to Ireland. Yet he acknowledges that
Creagh's life and his awful treatment at the hands of the crown
became the focus for developing religious resistance on the part
of the English-Irish in the Pale. There is a real paradox here
in that this loyalist scion of a Limerick English-Irish family
ultimately contributed to the alienation of many of his
compatriots from the crown he professed to obey.

Historical ironies aside, it is the quality of Lennon's research
work and his unrivalled command of the Latin sources in Rome and
elsewhere that allow for the richness of this short study. In
sum this book is a wonderful introduction to the origins of the
Catholic reform mission in Ireland, the nature of the early
English and Irish ex-patriate Continental community, and also to
the disturbing world of the Tudor prison. It is also an ideal
introduction to the "new" Irish Reformation scholarship.
European and North American scholars of the Protestant and
Catholic movements are unlikely to find as comprehensible an
introduction to the sixteenth century Irish reform experience as
this.

Copyright 2001 by H-Net, all rights reserved. H-Net permits the
redistribution and reprinting of this work for nonprofit,
educational purposes, with full and accurate attribution to the
author, web location, date of publication, originating list, and
H-Net: Humanities & Social Sciences Online. For other uses
contact the Reviews editorial staff: hbooks[at]mail.h-net.msu.edu.

FORWARDED FOR INFORMATION...

From: "Michael Herbert"

The Working Class Movement Library is holding two Open Days on Saturday 8th
September (1 - 5pm) and Sunday 9th September (1 -5pm).

The WCML is a unique national collection on the history of the British and
Irish labour movements, covering the period from the late eighteenth
century right up to the present day. It was founded by Ruth and Edmund Frow
in the mid 1950s and, after many years in their own home in Old Trafford,
is now housed in a former nurses home at 51 Crescent, Salford. As well as
books, newspapers and pamphlets the collection also includes banners,
emblems, photographs, pottery, trade union minutes, leaflets, posters,
postcards, videos, LPs, personal memoirs and anything else that records
the history of the struggles of working people for a better society.

At the Open Days there will be opportunities to:-

w Discover more about how the library started
w Go on a tour of the library's many rooms and see the collection
w Look at an exhibition of material on Ewan MacColl
w Try out the on-line catalogue
w Find out how people can get more involved with the library

The library is situated at Jubilee House, 51 Crescent, Salford. There is
parking at the rear of the building. Buses go along the Crescent and stop
nearby. The nearest railway station is Salford Crescent which is just 5
minutes walk. For more information telephone 0161-736-3601 or email:-
enquiries[at]wcml.org.uk.

From: Brian Lambkin
Subject: RE: Ir-D Scotch-Irish in America

Paddy
As you say, used in intriguing ways.
Thanks for the reference.
Brian.


B K Lambkin (Dr)
Director
Centre for Migration Studies
Ulster American Folk Park
Omagh, Co. Tyrone
Northern Ireland
BT78 5QY
Tel: 028 8225 6315
Fax: 028 8224 2241
Websites: www.qub.ac.uk/cms/ and
www.folkpark.com


-----Original Message-----
From: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk
[SMTP:irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk]
Sent: 05 September 2001 07:00
To: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk
Subject: Ir-D Scotch-Irish in America



From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

We do not follow events in Northern Ireland in great detail here on
the
Irish-Diaspora list. We tend to assume that people with a special
interest
have their own routes. And, as recent events have shown, the
following
events can in itself be a full-time job.

In any case discussion of the conflicts in Northern Ireland tends to
very
quickly become polarised, and unproductive. But we should not
forget the
Irish Diaspora dimensions to all this, on world perceptions of
Ireland and
the Irish, and 'readings' of 'Irishness'...

On that note, our attention has been directed to the following web
site...
http://members.nbci.com/jweaver300/pa/dinsm1.htm

where can be found this text...

The Scotch-Irish in America
Their History, Traits, Institutions and Influences, Especially as
Illustrated in the Early Settlers of Western Pennsylvania and their
Descendants
by
John Walker Dinsmore
Published by the Winona Publishing Company, Chicago, Illinois, 1906.

The same text can be found at
Regional E-Books, Journal Articles, and Book Sellers - New River
Notes
http://www.upmj.co.uk/ulster-irish.htm

where the title has become...
The Ulster Scotch-Irish in America

Their History, Traits, Institutions and Influences, Especially as
Illustrated in the Early Settlers of Western Pennsylvania and their
Descendants
by John Walker Dinsmore

In both cases Copyright is claimed by Jeffrey C. Weaver, Arlington,
VA. I
am not clear on what basis copyright is claimed in a text published
in 1906.

But it is a fascinating text, used today in intriguing ways...

P.O'S.

--
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Irish-Diaspora list
Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/
Irish Diaspora Net Archive http://www.irishdiaspora.net

Personal Fax National 0870 284 1580
Fax International +44 870 284 1580

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Interdisciplinary Human Studies
University of Bradford
Bradford BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England

FORWARDED FOR INFORMATION...

From: Pat Denault
Date: Wed, 05 Sep 2001 13:24:37 -0400
Subject: British Atlantic World Conference at Harvard

Registration Extension

As many of you may know, the posted deadline for pre-registration for
this
conference was September 1. We are able to accept late registrations
through September 20. Additional information will be sent to registrants
shortly.

I have posted the original announcement below; a registration form may be
found on our Web site, linked from

http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~atlantic/britatln.html

THE BRITISH ATLANTIC WORLD, 1500-1800
September 28-30, 2001
Harvard University

The International Seminar on the History of the Atlantic World, in
association with the Charles Warren Center for Studies in American
History
at Harvard University, the University of New Hampshire Center for the
Humanities, and Palgrave, publishers of the book that will result,
presents
a weekend conference treating the central themes in the history of the
early modern British Atlantic world-the state, empire, migration,
religion,
the economy, race, class, gender, revolution, and slavery. The aim of the
conference is to explore the relevance of the British Atlantic world for
Atlantic history generally and the potential for Atlantic history to
generate new avenues for teaching and research. The speakers will be
David
Armitage, Michael Braddick, Christopher Brown, Joyce Chaplin, Alison
Games,
Eliga Gould, Elizabeth Mancke, Sarah Pearsall, Carla Pestana, Keith
Wrightson, and Nuala Zahedieh. Bernard Bailyn will offer a keynote
address, and J. H. Elliott will supply commentary in concluding remarks.


Papers will be pre-circulated on a website available to registered
participants in advance of the conference. The conference is open to the
academic public; graduate students, recent PhDs, and teachers of Atlantic
history and British history are particularly invited to attend. Travel
and
accommodation expenses will be the responsibility of attendees; the
conference will provide lunches, receptions, and local lodging
information.
There is no registration fee.

If you are unable to access the Web registration form, please
contact
Pat Denault via email at .


International Seminar on the History
of the Atlantic World
408 Emerson Hall
Harvard University
Cambridge, MA 02138
Phone: 617-496-3066
Fax: 617-496-8869
pdenault[at]fas.harvard.edu
http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~atlantic/index.html

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

New at the National Archives of Ireland

The Rebellion of 1798
facsimile pack
Now available on-line
17 digitised and scalable document facsimiles, plus introductory and
explanatory information
http://www.nationalarchives.ie/

There's a sample in HTML. Otherwise you need Adobe Acrobat.

Might be a useful teaching resource...

P.O'S.

- --
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Irish-Diaspora list
Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/
Irish Diaspora Net Archive http://www.irishdiaspora.net

Personal Fax National 0709 236 9050
Fax International +44 709 236 9050

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Interdisciplinary Human Studies
University of Bradford
Bradford BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Forwarded for information...


From: Tony Campbell t.campbell[at]ockendon.clara.co.uk

[Please excuse duplication for wide posting. Conversely, please pass on to
others who might be interested]

****************************************
The J.B. Harley Research Fellowships in the
History of Cartography
****************************************

The closing date for applications is NOVEMBER 1st. Please apply to the
undersigned for details, indicating *where* you saw this announcement.

The Harley Fellowships - the only one of their kind in Europe - provide
support of up to four weeks (normally at GBP 250 per week) for those, from
any discipline, doing the equivalent of post-graduate level work in the map
collections of the London area.

For details of past applications and awards, and comments from previous
Fellows see: http://ihr.sas.ac.uk/maps/harley.html

Tony Campbell
Hon. Secretary J.B. Harley Fellowships
***************************************
t.campbell[at]ockendon.clara.co.uk

c/o British Library Map Library
96 Euston Road
London NW1 2DB
UK

From: Patrick Maume
Subject: Re: Ir-D Lennon, Richard Creagh, Review
To: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk



From: Patrick Maume

On Wed 05 Sep 2001 22:00:00 +0000 irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk wrote:

> From:irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk> Date: Wed 05 Sep 2001 22:00:00
+0000
> Subject: Ir-D Lennon, Richard Creagh, Review
> To: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk


> The authorities assumed that by his assassination in late 1586
> (the spy Robert Poley administered poisoned cheese)

Is this by any chance the same Poley who was involved in the murder of
the playwright Christopher Marlowe?
Doesn't the Irish diaspora lead you into some into some interesting
corners?
Best wishes,
Patrick

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

The latest Newsletter, Fall 2001, of the American Conference for Irish
Studies (ACIS) is now being distributed...

I need not report on this in full - for nowadays, very efficiently, the text
of the Newsletter is displayed on the ACIS Web page...

http://www.acisweb.com/

And go to the Newsletter section...

Three items caught my eye...

Lawrence McCaffrey's moving tribute to Sean Lucy, who died in July this
year. I suppose Irish Studies folk will remember best Sean Lucy's 1967
anthology, Love Poems of the Irish - always a great aid to wooing. Sean was
a fine scholar and poet.

The ever useful Irish Film Watch by Jim MacKillop & Gerard Furey, commenting
on Titantic Town and Divorcing Jack.

An intriguing item by Conor Johnston who, with Patricia Fanning, has created
a 'minor' in Irish-American Studies at Massasoit Community College and
Bridgewater State University (in Massachusetts, I think). We cheer them on.
I'd like to know more about the approach and the curriculum.

Our best wishes to Michael Gillespie, the new President of ACIS.

P.O'S.

- --
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Irish-Diaspora list
Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/
Irish Diaspora Net Archive http://www.irishdiaspora.net

Personal Fax National 0709 236 9050
Fax International +44 709 236 9050

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Interdisciplinary Human Studies
University of Bradford
Bradford BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England

From: Elizabeth Malcolm
Subject: Richard Poley

Dear Patrick,

I've read Charles Nicholl's entertaining account of Marlowe's death,
'The Reckoning', London. 1992, which has a lot in it about Poley. On
p.164 it says: 'The Jesuit Southwell claimed that he [Poley] "there
[in the Tower] poisoned the Bishop of Armacan [Creagh] with a piece
of cheese that he sent him"'. (So, beware of spies bearing cheese!)

Nicholl says there's no evidence for this, but the story seems to
have circulated widely and been believed.

So it certainly is the same man.

Elizabeth


Professor Elizabeth Malcolm Tel: +61-3-8344 3924
Department of History Fax: +61-3-8344 7894
University of Melbourne email: e.malcolm[at]unimelb.edu.au
Parkville, Victoria
Australia 3010

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Amongst the annoying emails that cluttered up our Inboxes over the summer
were a large number of Intrusive Emails, or Spam, offering various
'financial opportunities' and trying to lure us into financial scams - the
classic one is the Nigerian 419 scam (what Patrick Maume calls the 'Spanish
Prisoner' scam), which has to do with illicit Nigerian oil money, and asks
for your bank account details... (!?)

This scam is well documented...
See the US government sites...
http://www.treas.gov/usss/
http://travel.state.gov/tips_nigeria.html

See also, for example
http://www.zdnet.com/products/stories/reviews/0,4161,2609884,00.html
Someone has even written a novel about it
http://www.brianwizard.com/work/nigerian_419.htm

These emails are coming into my own University of Bradford email address and
to . I understand that a number of Ir-D
members are being similarly annoyed.

From the pattern it looks to me as if someone, or Some Thing, has recently
systematically harvested email addresses that are in the public domain,
mostly - as far as I can see - from academic web sites in Britain and
Ireland.

Of course we cannot guarantee that email addresses have not been harvested
from something we, who administer the Irish-Diaspora list, have done. But
we do try to protect our members from intrusion. For example, unlike some
lists, we do not put the name and email of the original sender into the
FROM: line of our emails - we put that information into the text of the
email, where automatic harvesting devices will not find it. Also, access to
our membership list and to our archives is restricted.

The advice is simply to delete all such intrusive emails, not reply to them,
to do nothing that would suggest to spammers and scammers that their systems
have found a live email address...

P.O'S.

- --
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Irish-Diaspora list
Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/
Irish Diaspora Net Archive http://www.irishdiaspora.net

Personal Fax National 0709 236 9050
Fax International +44 709 236 9050

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Interdisciplinary Human Studies
University of Bradford
Bradford BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

1981 HUNGER STRIKES: AMERICA REACTS

As Ir-D colleagues will know Marion Casey and her colleagues at the Ireland
House, New York, have been working to collect and develop the Archives of
Irish America. They have also been developing ways of presenting archive
material on the web, in focussed and coherent ways. Typically, for their
first presentation, they have not gone for an easy problem, or an easy
solution...

Formal announcement pasted in below.

Please circulate...

P.O'S.


THE 1981 HUNGER STRIKES: AMERICA REACTS
http://www.nyu.edu/irelandhouse/archives/exhibits/0501_hunger

The Archives of Irish America at New York University presents a new
body of primary sources about the American response to this polarizing
1981 event in Northern Ireland through a virtual exhibition on its
website. It uses nearly 200 direct quotations from the American print
media as well as approximately 50 images drawn from archival material
produced by the Irish American community.

- --
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Irish-Diaspora list
Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/
Irish Diaspora Net Archive http://www.irishdiaspora.net

Personal Fax National 0709 236 9050
Fax International +44 709 236 9050

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Interdisciplinary Human Studies
University of Bradford
Bradford BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England

From: "Charles E. Orser"
Subject: Re: Ir-D Intrusive Emails 2


Hi Paddy:
Perhaps not. I've been getting these Nigerian mailings at least 3 times a
day. They started just about the time I got on the list, but I've no idea
how they got my name!
Charles Orser


At 12:00 PM 9/10/01 +0000, you wrote:
>
>From: Patrick Maume
>Subject: Re: Ir-D Intrusive Emails
>
>From: Patrick Maume
>Dear Paddy,
> List members may like to know that at least one other member of my
>department received a similar scam e-mail over the weekend, which
>suggests that the fraudster probably got addresses off the
>departmental website rather than through a discussion list. Sorry for
>cluttering your mailboxes, but I thought it was better to be safe than
>sorry.
> Best wishes,
> Patrick
>
>
>
****************************************************************************
Charles E. Orser, Jr.
Distinguished Professor of Anthropology,
Director, Centre for the Study of Rural Ireland,
Founding Editor, International Journal of Historical Archaeology, and
Adjunct Professor of Archaeology, National University of Ireland, Galway

Centre for the Study of Rural Ireland
Campus Box 4660
Illinois State University
Normal, IL 61790-4660

Phone: 309.438.2271
Fax: 309.438.5378
e-mail: ceorser[at]ilstu.edu
field school website: www.ilstu.edu/~ceorser/field_school.htm
****************************************************************************

From: Patrick Maume
Subject: Re: Ir-D Intrusive Emails

From: Patrick Maume
Dear Paddy,
List members may like to know that at least one other member of my
department received a similar scam e-mail over the weekend, which
suggests that the fraudster probably got addresses off the
departmental website rather than through a discussion list. Sorry for
cluttering your mailboxes, but I thought it was better to be safe than
sorry.
Best wishes,
Patrick

On Mon 10 Sep 2001 06:00:00 +0000 irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk wrote:

> From:irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk> Date: Mon 10 Sep 2001 06:00:00
+0000
> Subject: Ir-D Intrusive Emails
> To: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk
>
>
>
> >From Email Patrick O'Sullivan
>
> Amongst the annoying emails that cluttered up our Inboxes over the
summer
> were a large number of Intrusive Emails, or Spam, offering various
> 'financial opportunities' and trying to lure us into financial scams
- - the
> classic one is the Nigerian 419 scam (what Patrick Maume calls the
'Spanish
> Prisoner' scam), which has to do with illicit Nigerian oil money,
and asks
> for your bank account details... (!?)
>
> This scam is well documented...
> See the US government sites...
> http://www.treas.gov/usss/
> http://travel.state.gov/tips_nigeria.html
>
> See also, for example
> http://www.zdnet.com/products/stories/reviews/0,4161,2609884,00.html
> Someone has even written a novel about it
> http://www.brianwizard.com/work/nigerian_419.htm
>
> These emails are coming into my own University of Bradford email
address and
> to . I understand that a number of
Ir-D
> members are being similarly annoyed.
>
> From the pattern it looks to me as if someone, or Some Thing, has
recently
> systematically harvested email addresses that are in the public
domain,
> mostly - as far as I can see - from academic web sites in Britain
and
> Ireland.
>
> Of course we cannot guarantee that email addresses have not been
harvested
> from something we, who administer the Irish-Diaspora list, have
done. But
> we do try to protect our members from intrusion. For example,
unlike some
> lists, we do not put the name and email of the original sender into
the
> FROM: line of our emails - we put that information into the text of
the
> email, where automatic harvesting devices will not find it. Also,
access to
> our membership list and to our archives is restricted.
>
> The advice is simply to delete all such intrusive emails, not reply
to them,
> to do nothing that would suggest to spammers and scammers that their
systems
> have found a live email address...
>
> P.O'S.
>