From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Forwarded on behalf Of Leon Litvack
Subject: SSNCI 2003 conference in Belfast -- call for papers


First call for papers

Ireland and Europe in the Nineteenth Century

An International Multidisciplinary Conference
Hosted by the Society for the Study of Nineteenth-Century Ireland


Queen's University Belfast

20-22 June 2003

Proposals of around 250 words are sought for papers on the subject of
'Ireland and Europe in the Nineteenth Century'. The papers might examine the
influence of European ideas and culture on nineteenth-century Ireland, or
the influence of Irish ideas on nineteenth-century Europe.

Papers should be of 20 minutes duration. If you wish to contribute please
send an abstract, before 31 January 2003, to

Dr Leon Litvack or Dr Colin Graham
School of English
Queen's University Belfast
Belfast BT7 1NN
Northern Ireland, UK
Email mailto:L.Litvack[at]qub.ac.uk

mailto:Colin.Graham[at]qub.ac.uk

Tel. +44-28-90335103
Fax +44-28-90314615

www.qub.ac.uk/en/socs/ssnci.html

-------------------------------
Leon Litvack
Senior Lecturer
School of English
Queen's University of Belfast
Belfast BT7 1NN
Northern Ireland, UK

L.Litvack[at]qub.ac.uk
http://www.qub.ac.uk/en/
Tel. +44-2890-273266
Fax +44-2890-314615

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Graham Davis' book about the Irish in Texas has now been published.
Information and contact point at...

http://www.tamu.edu/upress/BOOKS/2002/davis.htm

No doubt we will want to discuss this book at a future date, since Graham
takes such care to connect his study of Texas with wider debates within
Irish Diaspora Studies.

P.O'S.


Land!
Irish Pioneers in Mexican and Revolutionary Texas

Graham Davis

1-58544-189-9
LC 2001008478
$29.95
cloth
From the publisher's web site

EXTRACT BEGINS>>>

The only successful European impresarios in mid-nineteenth
century Mexican Texas?men authorized to bring immigrants
to settle the vast spaces of Mexico's northern territories?were
Irish. On their land grants, Irish settlers founded Refugio and San
Patricio and went on to take active roles in the economic and
political development of Texas.
It required a hardy spirit to weather the perils that accompanied
these opportunities?the long journey, shipwrecks, hostile
Indians, and disease?and Irish pioneers proved fit for the task.
They were not seeking relief from famine or English oppression in
their own country. What they were seeking, and what they
obtained, was land.
Graham Davis tells this Irish-Texan story of the search for land
by recounting the experiences of the original impresarios John
McMullen, James McGloin, James Power, and James Hewetson,
and he finishes the book with a description of the ranching empire
of Power's nephew, Thomas O'Connor.
In between, he examines the marriages, commercial contacts,
political alliances, and language ties that "Mexicanized" these
successful entrepreneurs. Living in the heart of the war zone, some
of the Irish settlers fought for independence while others remained
loyal to the Mexican government that had made them citizens and
given them land.
Davis offers a vivid picture of the hardships of pioneer life and
the building of communities, churches, and schools. He describes
how Irish ranchers had the opportunity to thrive after the
annexation of Texas and emphasizes their willing acceptance of
Mexican ranching methods. He makes a convincing case that the
Irish came to Texas not as victims but as entrepreneurs and
opportunists in search of land.
EXTRACT ENDS>>>

From: Laura Izarra
Subject: ABEI Journal 4 - 2002


Dear Patrick,

Hope that you have enjoyed your well deserved holidays!

I'm glad to tell you that 21 countries were represented in the IASIL
Conference in São Paulo, Brazil, and there were 179 participants! Frank
Molloy was also present and it was very interesting to meet him (last
year you mentioned his work to me in one of your e-mails).
We intend to publish lectures, seminars and selected papers in book
form.

Could you circulate the contents of the last issue of ABEI Journal?
Many thanks!
Laura

ABEI JOURNAL ­ THE BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF IRISH STUDIES
Issue Nº 4 - June 2002
Editors: Munira H. Mutran and Laura P. Z. Izarra
e-mail: lizarra[at]usp.br
Address: Universidade de São Paulo - FFLCH
Av Luciano Gualberto 403 - Cidade Universitária
05508-900 São Paulo - SP; Brasil


CONTENTS
Editors? Introduction.................................. 9

The Critic and the Author
The Vanishing Ideas of Sean O?Falain
Jerry Nolan ........................................ 13
Author?s Response: The Inside Outside Complexity of Sean O?Faolain
Marie Arndt.......................... 23
Deconstructing the Question of Irish Identity
Tony Corbett ............................... 35
Author?s Response: Theory as Agent
Eugene O?Brien .............................. 45

Drama
Italy, Garibaldi and Goldoni give Lady Gregory ?a Room with a Different
View?
Carla de Petris ....................... 51
Teenagers? ?Gender Trouble? and Trickster Aesthetics in Gina Moxley?s
Danti Dan
Mária Kurdi..................................... 67
?Traitors to the prevailing mythologies of the four other provinces??:
A tribute to Field Day on their twentieth anniversary
Martine Pelletier ................................ 83

Fiction
The Construction of Identity in John Banville's The Book of Evidence
Cielo Griselda Festino ................................... 95
James Joyce and the Life Cycle: The Unfolded Picture
Donald Morse ............................. 113

The Irish in South America
Re-Writing the Irish Immigration
Guillermo McLoughlin .......................... 127

From the Putumayo to Connemara: Roger Casement?s Amazon Voyage of
Discovery
Peter James Harris ............................ 131
That They May Face the Rising Sun: The Apex of John McGahern's Fiction
Rüdiger Imhof ................................... 141
Continente Irlanda
Aurora Bernardini ................................. 147
The alphabet according to Paul Muldoon: To Ireland, I
Ruben Moi .................................. 151
Travelling Towards Utopia
Renato Sandoval .......................................... 155
Hollywood and the Nation
Marcos Soares .............................. 159
Brian Gallagher?s Fiction
Noélia Borges ............................... 163

Voices from Brazil
Preludes to Modernism in Brazil
Telê Ancona Lopez .............................. 169

News from Brazil
Events ...................... 183
Books Received ...................... 187
In Memorian .................................. 191

Contributors ................................ 193

Editor's Introduction

>The publication of this issue of the ABEI Journal coincides with the
>hosting of IASIL 2002, the International Conference for the Study of
>Irish Literatures, by the University of São Paulo. Our expectations are
>high because this will be the first time that what must be considered
>as the heart of Irish Studies has travelled to South America.

>A similar path has of course been trodden by many Irish emigrants over
>the years, and our front cover recalls this fact. The lithograph
>depicts Marion McMurrough Mulhall's nineteenth-century travels and
>adventures in the countries between the Amazon and the Andes. She's seen
>on an igarité (a large Brazilian canoe), which is manned by local
>Indians who had to pole upstream about thirty miles a day due to the
>shallowness of the San Lorenzo river. She and her husband., Michael
>George Mulhall, editor of the Buenos Ayres Standard newspaper, lived in
>Buenos Aires and visited Brazil many times, recording their impressions
>of the country in various articles, sketches and books. The lithograph
>below is a view of Porto Alegre, a city in the south of Brazil, which
>was made by Mrs. Mulhall to illustrate her husband's book Rio Grande do
>Sul and its German Colonies (1873). The section The Irish in South
>America of this issue contains two articles on Irish presence in
>Argentina and the Amazon.

>This volume, partially supported by FFLCH (Faculty of Philosophy,
>Language, Literature and Humanities) of the University of São Paulo, has
>much to offer in the way of fiction, drama and book reviews, the
>highlight being our regular feature The Critic and the Author. In Voices
>from Brazil Telê Ancona Lopez provides an introduction for Conference
>visitors to the dawn of Modernism in Brazil.

>Finally, in News from Brazil, we are honoured to be able to report on
>the visit paid by the Taoiseach to the University of São Paulo in 2001
>and on the opening of a resident Irish Embassy in Brasília this year,
>thus reinforcing formal links between the two countries.

Munira H. Mutran and Laura P. Z. Izarra

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

At this time of year, with academic musical chairs, we usually get many
emails from Ir-D members telling us of changing email addresses. This year
we have received a flood...

To all those people who have emailed us saying, for example, 'I am going to
a new job and my email adress is going to be...' I say, I do NOT believe
you. I mean that, yes, you may have the job - congratulations. But
experience and good practice dictate that we do not add a new email address
to the Ir-D list until we have received an email FROM that new email
address.

That is, we believe in the email address when we have seen it working...

The standard instructions about unsubscribing and subscribing to the Ir-D
list are in our NewInfo file, which goes out to all new members. Or, to be
precise, to their email addresses. The NewInfo file is also displayed at
Irish Diaspora Net Archive http://www.irishdiaspora.net
in the Irish-Diaspora list folder.

You can jump through those hoops, or you can email me directly. But email
me FROM your new email address.

Paddy


- --
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Personal Fax 0044 (0) 709 236 9050

Irish-Diaspora list
Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/
Irish Diaspora Net Archive http://www.irishdiaspora.net

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Social Sciences and Humanities
University of Bradford
Bradford BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Martin Hewitt's review appeared originally on the H-Albion list...

Much to interest us here...

Note, for instance, the mention of the work of Mary Poovey.

P.O'S.


H-NET BOOK REVIEW
Published by H-Albion[at]h-net.msu.edu (August 2002)

Catherine Hall, Keith McClelland and Jane Rendall. _Defining the Victorian
nation: Class, Race, Gender and the British Reform Act of 1867_.
Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2000. xiii + 303 pp. Chronology,
illustrations, figures, appendices, notes, bibliography and index. $69.95
(cloth), ISBN 0-521-57218-5; $24.95 (paper), ISBN 0-521-57653-9.

Reviewed for H-Albion by Martin Hewitt , Leeds Centre
for Victorian Studies, Trinity and All Saints, University of Leeds

1867 and All That

The cover of this book presents Thomas Woolner's "Civilization" (or "The
Lord's Prayer"), which now stands in Wallington, Northumberland. The
sculpture illustrates a mother teaching her son the Lord's Prayer, the son
standing on a pedestal decorated with a relief portraying barbarism in
which another mother feeds her child with raw flesh on the point of his
father's sword. The sculptor's comment on this work was that it was
designed to "embody the civilization of England ... because the position
of women in society always marks the degree to which the civilization of
the nation has reached." It was an embodiment, as Hall, McClelland and
Rendall observe, which was based on conceptions of gender roles, racial
difference and inevitably, if implicitly, class relations. It is the
working through of such assumptions in exchanges over citizenship,
nationhood and identity within the debates over parliamentary reform in
the run up to what became the 1867 Reform Act, and in its immediate
aftermath, which forms the focus of this volume.

The study is one of loose collaboration not collective authorship. There
is a substantial introduction credited to all three authors, but the meat
of the book lies in the three essays produced individually by the
co-authors. These essays are presented as enriched by mutual discussion
and exchange, but preserving the autonomy of the three projects. Indeed
there are moments of overt and acknowledged disagreement between them.
Keith McClelland's essay "England's Greatness, the working man", looks at
the dynamics of the emergence of a post-chartist radicalism which
was--especially in its restrictive notions of qualification for the
franchise--a marked departure from pre-1848 traditions of universal
suffrage. He argues that at the heart of this shift were newly
masculinised definitions of respectability, independence and class
solidarity. Jane Rendall's chapter, "The citizenship of women and the
Reform Act of 1867", is essentially a contribution to a revised narrative
history of the early years of the suffrage movement, emphasising its
complexity and the extent to which it must be considered on its own terms,
in its own context, and not merely as a forerunner to the later Victorian
movement. Catherine Hall concludes with "The nation within and without",
which considers 1866-67 as a moment in which a number of debates about
race, rights and representation (relating to Jamaica, Ireland, and the
colonies, as well as to parliamentary reform in the United Kingdom)
intersect. This happened in ways that illuminate the extent to which race
had become an important marker of national identity, and of the boundary
between citizen and subject. What draws the three essays together is a
commitment to new modes of cultural history, especially a sense of the
interplay of language and circumstance, and concern over how notions of
citizenship and the franchise (which was intimately associated with it)
were defined in terms of class, gender, and race.

All three contributions exceed the conventional bounds of an essay,
stretching to between fifty and sixty pages (c. 25,000 words each), while
the introduction goes even further, extending to seventy pages. The
introduction provides a brief narrative of the passing of the Act, and a
longer, summary and discussion of the historiographical debates within
which the authors seek to operate. The essays cover the "high politics"
tradition, the Marxian tradition which attempts to make class central to
the politics of the second reform act, and the new cultural histories of
politics provided both by the "linguistic turn" historians and the history
of political thought of such writers as Winch and Collini; at the same
time they feature feminist history, especially as it discusses and
transcends notions of separate spheres along with recent considerations of
nations, nationalism, and post-colonialism. These discussions are
extremely lucid and will provide a welcome guide to many, for I suspect
few readers, however familiar they may be with much of this literature,
will be able to claim the collective competence of the volume's
co-authors. It might be said that they are too concerned with summary to
allow the chapter to set a clear and unequivocal theoretical agenda for
the essays which follow, though this in turn may merely reflect the
theoretical tensions which undoubtedly persist between them. Even so, the
discussions admirably emphasise that there is much more at issue in the
passing of the 1867 act and the debates which accompanied it, than
questions over which stratum of respectable working-class men would be
included within the franchise.

The introduction concludes with a useful section exploring the legal
ambiguities, and limits, of the notion of British "citizenship" in the
1860s, via an examination of its use by John Stuart Mill. Mill is
important because in him we are able to see a combination of a radical
approach to the enfranchisement of women, arising out of what was in many
respects a conventional enlightenment philosophy which was in no sense
democratic. As the authors point out, except for a brief period between
1848-50, nineteenth-century Britain had no barriers to immigration and
prided itself on this freedom; nonetheless, a strong sense of national and
racial hierarchy led Mill to conclude that the wider citizenship which he
sought for the United Kingdom was not to be extended to its colonial
subjects.

In the first chapter, McClelland notes that debates over reform in the
mid-1860s ostensibly over who ought to be granted the parliamentary vote
were centrally about redefining "what the political nation was and might
become" (p. 71). This issue was not confined to politics, but crucial also
to wider debates about British culture and civilisation. In contemporary
debates, such as the nature of the Hyde Park demonstration of July 1866,
questions of who could claim respectability, and how such a claim could be
demarcated socially, were fundamental and often driven by notions of
masculinity. Hence, McClelland argues, the importance of Bright in the
reform agitation was not merely his rhetorical style, but the way in which
his platform performances linked the claim to enfranchisement with
questions of working-class taxation and consumption. Men enduring the
heavy burdens of taxes on tobacco and paper deserved a voice in the
imposition of such taxes. It was not that longstanding arguments based on
natural rights disappeared, but that they were increasingly overlain by
justifications based on merit (arguments which ceased to be applied to all
working men and could be deployed to include some and exclude others. The
vote was deserved by those who were respectable and who laboured to
produce the goods on which the country's greatness was based. The vote was
to be denied, however, not just to the residuum, but also to women. As
McClelland puts it "the deep structures of the reform movement in both its
ideas and practice effectively restricted the claim to the vote to both
men and a masculinised popular politics" (p. 97). Indeed the two
restrictions were linked to the extent that central to the image of the
respectable workingman was his place as head of a model family unit; to be
husband and father was to have character; and, that ability to provide
for them denoted independence. As McClelland puts it "Virtue became
attached, not least, to the cultivation of domesticity in which a man was
independent and respectable by means of being able to maintain a dependent
wife and children within the household" (pp. 100-101). There was still a
claim from class for the vote; but also a claim that the widening of the
franchise would help expunge class differences.

But McClelland seeks to go further, arguing that these shifts cannot be
seen as purely discursive, and must - notwithstanding the recent
linguistic turn - be traced in part to social and economic changes. These
include the "shifting composition of the working class consequent on the
consolidation of the industrial revolution" (p. 102) which brought an
intensified gender differentiation of the labor force, the shift of men
into higher paid occupations and a widening gap between skilled and
unskilled. There was also a growing importance of a new matrix of
working-class and masculine associations, especially trade unions, but
also co-ops, friendly societies and workingmen's clubs. As a result, whether
examined through local cases (McClelland focuses briefly on North East
England) or national organisations such as the National Reform League,
what marks the new phase is the new centrality of the unions, along with
greater acceptance of the permanence of industrial capitalism and new
values of work.

There are problems here. At times there is a tendency for the argument to
out-run the evidence presented. Many of the most interesting propositions
remain assertions. There is, for example, little or no evidence of
explicit formulations of notions that "the concerns of popular politics
[were] very largely the concern of the _man and work_" (p. 116). Nor is it
clear how far McClelland has been able to reinsert social and economic
forces into his account, as he promised. Much of the section entitled
"Social change and politics" in fact rests on ideological rather than
social factors, including the new sense of the permanence of capitalism,
shifting valuations of work and its meanings involving an acceptance of
the market determination of labour?s rewards. It is also argued that above
all a shift from the belief in "the political as the overdetermining
element in the social order" to the belief that politics was "no
longer--the prime _determining_ force but rather an essentially
_intrusive_ one which ought to be separated from economic and social
activities" became crucial (p. 115). Not enough attention is given to the
relationship between claims made and positions adopted for purely
strategic reasons, such as acceptance of an extension of the franchise to
the "respectable working man", and the evolution of such strategies into
fundamental beliefs, that universal manhood suffrage would be undesirable.

Jane Rendall's essay, while shifting the focus to the campaign for women's
suffrage, is also concerned with questions of strategy and belief. Her
primary purpose, as she articulates it, is to call into question the
traditional historiographical picture of "a movement progressing from
small beginnings to final success" (p. 119), seeking to uncover "a much
more complex history", not least for the various countries of the United
Kingdom. A large part of this complexity derives from the ways in which
the campaigns for women's suffrage proceeded on grounds which while
including some within the pale of citizenship, also sought to exclude
others. Of the three contributions, Rendall?s is the most narrative ("a
highly provisional one", as she puts it), providing a potted history of
the earlier calls for votes for women from Wollstonecraft to 1865, drawing
on the older work of Helen Blackburn as well as more recent scholarship of
Barbara Caine, Katheryn Gleadle and others. This is then developed into
the first detailed modern account of the movement from the mid-1860s to
1870, resting on a wide reading of contemporary magazines, newspapers and
suffrage correspondence.

It would be difficult and unfruitful to attempt a summary of Rendall's
narrative, and it is a little easier to identify specific themes. Rendall
is concerned to understand the suffrage movement not simply as movement of
embattled women, but also as comprising a complex range of alignments and
alliances between women and men, its emergence in the mid-60s is both
"woman centred" and part of a "liberalism exuberant" (p. 129). Her account
of the campaigns around the run-up to the reform act emphasises the very
different traditions and aspirations which different localities brought to
what scarcely became a "national" movement in any meaningful sense. It
also indicates that despite a favourable conjunction of events, levels of
support--even if sufficient to surprise and delight many contemporary
campaigners--remained low. Hence, despite its ultimate failure, the shift
of attention towards getting women voters placed on the electoral roll,
and then in support of moves to enfranchise women in municipal elections,
represented a realism about the immediate prospects of legislative action
on the parliamentary franchise. Even if, as Rendall demonstrates, such
pragmatic diversions did help to fuel tensions within the movement which
hardened around 1870 into a damaging organisational fracturing which
persisted until the end of the century, these should not be blamed for the
lack of progression of these years. Although by 1870 the early suffrage
movement had gained more than could possibly have been expected in 1866,
this was largely as a result of its moderation and a favourable
conjunction of circumstances (which dwindled after 1870) with the rise of
the influence of trade unionism within Liberalism and the greater
influence of the implacably hostile Gladstone.

Through the course of this account, the broader themes broached by the
introduction and the other essays are largely kept at arms length, a
reflection, interestingly, of the instincts of some of the leaders of the
movement in the 1860s. Indeed the comment of Emily Davies in August 1866
that the women?s suffrage issue was coming to be seen too much as a
crotchet of Mill's ("we get mixed up in the public mind with Jamaica and
the Reform League, which does us no good" [p.133]) remains instructive.
Rendall's final section, "Defining women's citizenship", reconnects this
material to the rest of the volume. As their private exchanges revealed,
many (women and men) believed in equality between the sexes, in a
"humanity suffrage" (p. 161). But in public campaigners "compromised
according to the tactical needs of the moment", drawing on mainstream
political languages and ideas, and in doing so "placed suffragist
movements within a long individualist tradition of male radicalism". In
this the vote was "constituted as a moral responsibility" which had at its
centre the implicit exclusion of all married women. It also tended to
involve notions of culture and cultivation which had equally powerful
exclusionary implications. "Liberal arguments for women's suffrage--tended
to erect barriers against the uneducated, both men and women" (p. 169).
Many shared Mill's distrust of democracy and supported, for example, calls
for an educational franchise. Yet, despite the huge costs, this approach
did not establish common ground between the radical and women?s movements.
At the same time, Rendall notes that some women did manage to move beyond
the traditional radical position, reworking notions of women's mission
beyond traditional philanthropic modes towards broader concepts of social
responsibility. From this it was possible to argue that women's
enfranchisement could enhance public spirit in national life, bring new
understanding of the problems of the poor, and thus had an appeal beyond
rights.

Imperial concerns play a relatively small role here, although they were
clearly in play in discussions of responses to Governor Eyre, and in
attempts
to invoke traditions of ancient Germanic practices of women's participation
to echo the radical invocation of the Anglo-Saxon constitution. They loom
much larger in Catherine Hall's chapter, which "locates the imagined nation
of 1867 within a wider frame of empire" (p.179). In many ways this is a much
more ambitious piece than the other two. While McClelland works within
existing trajectories, and Rendall seeks, as it were, to retool an ageing
literature, Hall wishes to "question existing historiographical paradigms"
and open up new ways of thinking about the British "nation".

Hall notes that whereas in the later twentieth century citizenship came to
be legally defined by stipulations about parentage and birthplace, which
have clear racial overtones, in the mid-nineteenth century the badge of
citizenship was the vote. Yet the suggestion is that the settlement of
1867, along with contemporaneous settlements in Jamaica and Canada "can be
read as formally differentiating black Jamaicans from white British, white
Canadians or white Australians" (p. 182). In doing so this created a
"racially and ethnically differentiated map of nation and empire" that was
"part of the imagined world of nineteenth-century British men and women"
(p. 183). In this sense the conjunction in 1867 of debates over
enfranchisement, representation and political violence in Jamaica, Ireland
and Britain, along with the publication of three important texts
(Carlyle's "Shooting Niagara", Arnold's _Culture and Anarchy_, and J.S.
Mill's _England and Ireland_)- part of whose purpose was to consider these
inter-relationships - encouraged and illustrated the inter-relationship of
the issues.

Hall traces a crucial shift in attitudes to race from the essentially
benign and paternalistic view of negroes as the objects of anti-slavery in
the interests of a common humanity (which marked the 1840s) to the clear
sense of racial difference and hierarchies. This was a position increasingly
sustained by the logic of the liberal position--as in the case of
Jamaica--by the 1860s. In this sense, Hall discusses Jamaica, Ireland and
the debates over the franchise in 1867 as three "site[s] for
experimentation over the relation between 'race' and forms of political
representation" (p. 204).

Even those who might continue to be identified as "pro-negro" lost their
confidence before a vision of an emancipated black peasantry. Hall, who
has already considered the Governor Eyre episode in Jamaican history
in _White, Male and Middle Class_, returns to it as an instance of this
shift, noting that after the Royal Commission it was increasingly the
radicals who attempted to push matters towards a prosecution. The general
backlash against the prosecution of Eyre demonstrated that by 1867 the
middle-class conscience was quite able to reconcile its liberalism with
the need to maintain authority over the potentially barbarous negro. As
such, Hall argues, this needs to be understood as part of an enduring
process whereby political identities were established in relation to
racial 'others'.

Her second case study takes up ideas concerning the central importance of
the Irish "other" in the formation of Englishness which have been much
debated in the past two decades, not least by Mary Poovey in her work on
James Kay's study of the Manchester working classes in 1832 with which
Hall begins. For example, there is a long history of constructing the
Irish as sub-normal, and this had an enduring impact on the possibilities
for English-Irish co-operation during the Chartist period, and thereafter,
with one strand of popular politics being dominated by the kind of
sectarianism which fuelled the Murphy riots. Hence, "In the imagined
nation as it was reconstituted in 1867, 'Paddy', the racialised Irishman,
stood as a potent 'other' to the respectable Englishman, who had had
proved his worth and deserved a vote" (p. 220).

Hall successfully demonstrates the persistence of similar assumptions
within the apparently quite distinct debates over Eyre, immigration and
the Reform Bill. They are similar in the sense of the shared operation of
a double - if not a triple - standard, in which pervading assumptions about
race and citizenship could underpin an extension of the franchise in
Britain. This might simultaneously sanction both an abolition of
representative government in Jamaica and the extension of responsible
government in British North America into a new Canadian nation. What she
does not quite so readily demonstrate are the vectors of this
relationship, in particular whether ideas established in racial debates
were then deployed and had an impact on the conceptualisation of other
questions. it might even be suggested that apparently trans-racial
prejudices
(such as those against the migrating poor) did consciously and deliberately
discriminate against the Irish.

Readers of such a volume, which undoubtedly contains material all three
authors intend to develop into more substantial published form, can
reasonably ask a number of questions. In particular, does the enterprise
work as a form or mode of scholarship? It is difficult to see the inner
workings of the collaboration or the degree of mutual enrichment that
occurred. Even so, there is an underlying sense that the three proceed
along relatively discrete paths, influenced by different literatures,
ultimately concerned with quite different questions. Given the conceptual
centrality awarded the question of citizenship, it would have been
extremely useful to see a more sustained collective discussion of its
operation, with respect, say, to notions of "character" which Collini has
explored so effectively. The extra space provided by a dedicated volume is
not always deployed to best advantage, and in at least two of the essays
encourages a broad narrative approach which leaves some sense of divided
purpose. It would be too unkind to suggest that the whole is less than the
sum of its parts, and certainly the juxtaposition does illuminate the
richness of the rhetorical and ideological linkages between debates in, at
first sight, relatively disparate fields. Nevertheless, for this reviewer,
perhaps in part because much of the material re-worked here has appeared
in published form in various guises through the 1990s, it was not easy to
identify what new ways of thinking had been opened up by the collection.

In many respects this is a text admirably suited to undergraduates and
junior postgraduates. It takes very little for granted (the notion of
"coloureds", for example, is defined on at least two different occasions),
and provides extremely lucid accounts of a range of significant movements
and episodes. Various textbook-like appendices are provided, including a
long series of short biographical introductions, summaries of the terms of
the 1832 and 1867 Reform Acts, and various other tables outlining the
nature of the political system in these years. The volume is relatively
generously, if conventionally, illustrated with line drawings from the
_Illustrated London News_ and cartoons from _Punch_. That said, as some
of the more favourable responses to the volume already published indicate,
it may also in retrospect prove to be an important stage in the
development of a new cultural political history of the nineteenth century
(and others), which takes us beyond some of the sterile debates generated
by the "linguistic turn" in the 1990s.

Copyright 2002 by H-Net, all rights reserved. H-Net permits the
redistribution and reprinting of this work for nonprofit,
educational purposes, with full and accurate attribution to the
author, web location, date of publication, originating list, and
H-Net: Humanities & Social Sciences Online. For other uses
contact the Reviews editorial staff: hbooks[at]mail.h-net.msu.edu.

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

The admired Nicholas Canny admiring (for the most part) the work of Patricia
Palmer...

The section on interpreters is very astute.

P.O'S.


H-NET BOOK REVIEW
Published by H-Albion[at]h-net.msu.edu (August, 2002)

Patricia Palmer. _Language and Conquest in Early Modern Ireland: English
Renaissance Literature and Elizabethan Imperial Expansion_. Cambridge:
Cambridge University Press, 2001. xii + 254 pp. Bibliography and index.
$59.95 (cloth), ISBN 0-521-79318-1.

Reviewed for H-Albion by Nicholas Canny ,
Department of History, National University of Ireland, Galway

Historicism, History, and the Politics of Language in Early Modern Ireland

This, Patricia Palmer's first book, derives from a University of Oxford
dissertation, and it is to the author's credit that it is marred neither
by residual traces of a dissertation nor the tentativeness that one might
expect of a first major statement in print. Rather, we have a book, which
is assured, broad-ranging, un-apologetically ambitious, and robustly
combative. The subject is historical while the author is a textual
critic, and the resulting outcome possesses the strengths and weaknesses
of its genre: a historical undertaking within the new-historicist mode in
literary criticism.

The main title, _Language and Conquest in Early Modern Ireland_, describes
admirably the principal subject of the book which seeks to isolate the
attitude which the advocates of the Elizabethan Conquest (or should it be
Re-Conquest?) of Ireland adopted towards the Irish language, the role
which they saw for the English language in their civilizing mission, and
the identity conflicts which resulted from the eventual emergence of two
rival vernaculars in a confined space. In the course of doing so, Palmer
rekindles the unresolved debate of what motivated the advocates of an
Elizabethan conquest of Ireland; she challenges the recent effort by David
Armitage to counter the view that English literature paved the way for
imperial expansion even in Elizabethan times; and she contends that the
so-called "death of the Irish language"--always an emotive subject for
Irish nationalists--was the logical outcome of policies pursued in the
sixteenth century more than the consequence of educational and demographic
developments of the nineteenth century. Then, to lend substance to her
arguments, she looks to the role of language in the Spanish conquest of
the New World and develops a comparison between the attempted
Hispanicization of New Spain and the strategies adopted to attain the
Anglicization of Ireland (and also some parts of the New World) during the
sixteenth century.

This summary, which hardly does justice to the scope of this book, will
convey some sense of its ambition and importance as well as the variety of
readers in history, literature, and linguistics who will derive pleasure,
information, stimulation, and perhaps aggravation, from the challenge of
_Language and Conquest_. While the book amazes in its scope, the sources
which Palmer has used are also more extensive than one would expect the
author of a first book to have mastered. She has worked her way through
all relevant Calendars of State Papers from the reign of King Henry VIII
to the close of that of Queen Elizabeth; she has consulted all English,
and some Continental European, pamphlets of the sixteenth century that
shed light on prevailing theories on the origin and function of languages;
she speaks authoritatively of printed Irish language sources of the
sixteenth century; and she is conversant with much historical literature
on early modern Ireland. Palmer also asks questions of her sources which
derive from her reading of the theories both of post-colonial and feminist
critics who publish in English, and of French and Spanish language critics
and intellectuals who have expounded on the Conquest of New Spain.

The obvious benefit of Palmer's training and method is that she can
situate her subject is a far wider context than would be expected of, or
indeed possible for, most historians when they publish a first book.
Palmer is also more adept than most initiates to history publishing at
interrogating her sources. She, for example, treats every document,
pamphlet, and literary composition that seems relevant to her purposes as
an individual text which not only conveys a message from the author to its
intended audience, but which also frequently incorporates reported
dialogues, as, for example, those between English officials and Irish
lords. This particular consideration brings Palmer to the obvious
conclusion, which had not been commented upon by any historian, that
conversations of this kind could usually only have taken place with the
aid of an interpreter. Deriving from this--in one of the inspired
passages in the book--Palmer discusses the identity and role of
interpreters in sixteenth-century Ireland. Such consideration, as also
Palmer's treatment of the response of Gaelic _literati_ to the fate of the
language and the world which they cherished, is enabled by her facility
with Irish language texts; a skill that most historians of early modern
Ireland neither possess nor consider necessary to their task.

These strengths of Palmer and the methods that she, like most critics,
have been trained to espouse are partly offset by a general reliance on
printed, and even edited, sources, where an emerging historian, working on
a smaller canvas, would be expected to trace sources back to their
manuscript origins whenever these are extant. Thus where the historian
would always be expected to add to the existing corpus of information
Patricia Palmer, as a critic, seems satisfied to advance understanding by
reading new meanings into generally well-known texts. This, as I have
indicated, she sometimes does successfully and even dramatically. However
the question remains, if the comparisons she draws are always valid and if
the meanings she reads into, and from, her chosen texts are always
correct.

The purpose of comparison for Palmer is to create a context within which
she can elucidate her chosen texts, and the context which she chooses is
that of the Spanish _conquistadores_ in the New World, and, to a lesser
degree, that of some English adventurers in North America, especially
where these happen to be people who had been previously engaged in
Ireland. This, for her, is a valid point of departure because she
presumes that in all three instances (New Spain, North America, and
Ireland) the would-be conquerors were confronting a people whose language
they neither knew nor respected, and which, she contends, they hoped
ultimately to obliterate to make way for the exclusive use of either
Spanish or English in their respective domains. Patricia Palmer has been
brought to this conviction by the heart-wrenching arguments of J.M.G. Le
Clezio, Carlos Fuentes and Octavio Paz each of whom she cites as alluding
to the silence that was effected everywhere the Spaniards came to dominate
in the New World, as not only multitudes of Native Americans but the
spirit of those of them who survived, succumbed to European disease and
Spanish oppression. The relevance of all this for Ireland seems to have
been inspired for Palmer by the contention of Stephen Greenblatt that if
the overseas engagement of the Elizabethans has any claim to be described
as a mission this can be justified only by their attempts at the
"propagation of English speech" (cited p. 125) rather than their efforts
to spread Protestant Christianity.

While the arguments of all such authors may be both compelling and
persuasive it is not axiomatic that the circumstances they describe were
in many, or any, ways applicable to Irish conditions of the sixteenth
century, and I see the particular weakness of this book to be its general
failure to come to grips with the circumstances under which the advocates
of an Elizabethan conquest of Ireland functioned. For that reason I will,
for the remainder of this review, identify some of the false assumptions
made by Patricia Palmer so that we can better distinguish what in this
book advances historical understanding from that which will be of interest
only to polemicists.

To my mind, Palmer's first false assumption concerns the inevitability of
an Elizabethan conquest of Ireland. Historians, as she well understands,
are not agreed on when a conquest seemed unavoidable and few today would
suggest a date earlier than 1579 or even 1599. Even those who are
satisfied that a conquest was underway at a given moment in time, concede
that it was only a minority within the English community in Ireland (and
fewer still among the English community at large) who countenanced the
strong measures necessary to effect a conquest. It seems rash, therefore,
to presume that the voices of the few in Ireland who advanced arguments in
favor of a conquest can be taken as representative of all English opinion,
and it seems altogether amiss to date such sentiment back to parliamentary
legislation of 1537 which dictated a strategy for the promotion of
religious reform in Ireland. Moreover as I have argued in _Making Ireland
British, 1580-1650_ (Oxford University Press: 2001)--a book which appeared
when _Language and Conquest_ was already in press [and will be reviewed on
H-Albion this week, ed.]--most of the English who served in Elizabethan
Ireland prior to the arrival of the second earl of Essex in 1599 were
long-serving soldiers who had become integrated into Irish society either
to the point where their wives or mistresses were Irish or where they
served in bands where Irish-born, Irish-speaking, people constituted a
majority. The ensuing reality that most English people in Ireland at any
date previous to 1599 possessed a rudimentary knowledge of spoken Irish is
tacitly acknowledged by Palmer, first, when she mentions that between one
half and one third of Lord Mountjoy's men (who brought the conquest to a
conclusion) were Irish, and, second, when she identifies captains with
such English names as Duke and Willis acting as interpreters for their
superiors who had recently arrived in Ireland from England. On the other
hand, Palmer takes insufficient account of what Steven Ellis has had to
say on the survival of spoken English among people of Anglo-Norman descent
in the provinces to the close of the Middle Ages, and she takes even less
account of the role of educated English-speaking leaders from within the
Old English Pale community in Ireland as intermediaries between the
officers of the state and Gaelic lords in the provinces. To say therefore
that "few newcomers acquired English" (p. 44) is entirely false and
ignores the linguistic fluidity which obtained in Ireland, not only with
English people becoming conversant in Irish when it suited their purpose
but with some people of Gaelic descent seeking to pass themselves,
chameleon-like, as English.

The valuable contribution of Patricia Palmer on the role and identity of
interpreters in Ireland (they might be English captains, or Irish captains
in crown service, or Old English people of elevated or lowly status, or
people of Gaelic ancestry who had been ordained to the Protestant
ministry) indicates the sharp contrast that existed between Ireland and
those parts of North America where English people had become involved.
There, during the early years, interpreters were either Native Americans
who had been brought (some forcefully, others consensually) to England so
they might learn sufficient English to become interpreters on their return
to America, or they were English boys who were sent to live among Native
Americans as a means of acquiring a knowledge of native languages which
would equip them to bridge the linguistic gap. In Ireland no such special
cohort of intermediaries had to be created because there was a ready
supply of bi-lingual people to hand there whenever interpreting or
translating was required.

What then, we might ask, of the negative portrayal of the Irish language
that does feature in the tracts of those advocating a policy of conquest
for Ireland from which Patricia Palmer quotes liberally? My explanation
is that the use of the Irish language by English speakers came to be seen
as a symbol of the degeneration which threatened all from England and
Wales who served in Ireland, including some of gentle birth who had become
landowners or army captains. Moreover those authors who sought to
anathematize the Irish language, as they did Gaelic customs, were well
aware of the denigration of both that had been a commonplace within the
English-speaking community of the Irish Pale during the later middle ages.
What they had to say in their texts were therefore, in many instances, no
more than up-datings of what the authors from the Pale had averred, and
legislated upon, in earlier times. Another explanation for the
denigration of the Irish language was that as the English advocates of
conquest learned more about Irish society they came to appreciate that the
learned classes, and most notably the poetic orders, were potent
intellectual opponents; a fact that was confirmed by translations of Irish
verses commissioned by both Edmund Spenser and Richard Bingham. But if
the advocates of conquest did want to eradicate their learned opponents
within the Gaelic community, and if they stated their desire that the
Irish language should give way to English, none of them believed that this
would happen in the short or medium terms. What they worked towards was a
situation where the learned orders would be cut off and Irish would become
a language of uneducated rural dwellers. Under such circumstances,
officials would be willing to countenance its use only to the extent that
evidence might be presented in that language at court where it might be
translated (and perhaps interpreted) into English for the benefit of judge
and jury. This, technically, did happen, but, Irish also endured as a
vehicle of political and religious discourse as is confirmed by Palmer's
final gripping chapter on the "Clamorous Silence" which treats principally
of the achievement of continentally-educated priests and brothers in
utilising the language for novel purposes.

To conclude, I consider that Dr. Palmer, like most historicist critics,
pushes her argument well ahead of the evidence that might sustain it.
However she raises far more questions than a historian in the early stages
of a career would be likely to engage with, largely because a historical
training reconciles its initiates to advance knowledge incrementally
rather than in one fell swoop. The other advantage that Palmer has over
most historians of early modern Ireland is her deep understanding of
languages other than English, and particularly, in having a sufficient
command of Irish to work on source material in that language. It is quite
clear that if historians want the interpretation of Ireland's past to
remain within their province they too must equip themselves with language
and analytic skills to match those of the versatile Patricia Palmer. If
they fail to do so empirical evidence will cease to be the touchstone of
truth about the past, and historians will see their "facts" being
juxtaposed and annealed by those who have the art to render them into
verisimilitude and credibility.

Copyright 2002 by H-Net, all rights reserved. H-Net permits the
redistribution and reprinting of this work for nonprofit,
educational purposes, with full and accurate attribution to the
author, web location, date of publication, originating list, and
H-Net: Humanities & Social Sciences Online. For other uses
contact the Reviews editorial staff: hbooks[at]mail.h-net.msu.edu.

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

The convenor of the Western Conference on British Studies 2002, Little Rock
Arkansas, is Karl Ittmann - whose work on the history of C19th Bradford,
Yorkshire, will be known to at least some of my readers...
http://www.class.uh.edu/history/ittmann/

The conference - as is the way - offers a good round-up of current themes in
British Studies, and includes an Irish section...

Session No. 11: Using the Irish and Being Used, Anglo-Irish Relations
1895-1918
Salon C

Chair: William Lubenow (The Richard Stockton College)

Tom Kennedy (University of Arkansas) "The Tories and the Ulster Unionists,
1895-1906"

Lee Thompson (Lamar University) " Lord Milner and Ulster, 1913-1914"

Steven Duffy (University of Arkansas-Monticello) "Identities in Conflict:
Recruiting in Ireland During the Great War"

Comment: David Hudson (Texas A&M University)

I note that there is also a paper by Jerry Summers on Irish Church
disestablishment.

Full details at Karl Ittman's web site - follow the link to WCBS.
http://www.class.uh.edu/history/ittmann/.

Or contact Karl Ittmann (Kittmann[at]mail.uh.edu) or Larry Witherell
(larry.witherell[at]Mankato.MSUS.EDU).

P.O'S.


- --
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Personal Fax 0044 (0) 709 236 9050

Irish-Diaspora list
Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/
Irish Diaspora Net Archive http://www.irishdiaspora.net

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Social Sciences and Humanities
University of Bradford
Bradford BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

As a contriobution to the recent Ir-D discussion of the historiography of
the Irish in Canada, Kerby Miller has kindly made available that section of
his bibliography.

Our thanks to Kerby...

P.O'S.


Irish in Canada

*Adams, William F. Ireland and the Irish emigration to the new world, from
1815 to the famine. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1932.

Akenson, Donald H. Small differences: Irish Catholics and Irish
Protestants, 1815-1922. Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1988.

_____________. The Irish in Ontario: a study in rural history. Kingston:
McGill-Queen's U. Press, 1984.

_____________, ?Ontario: Whatever happened to the Irish?, in in Donald H.
Akenson, ed., Canadian papers in rural history, vol. III. Gananoque,
Ontario: Langdale Press, 1982.

*Baker, William. Timothy Warren Anglin--Irish Catholic Canadian. Toronto,
1980.

*____________, ??God?s unfortunate people?: historiography of Irish
Catholics in nineteenth-century Canada,? in O?Driscoll and Reynolds, eds.,
The untold story (see below).

Bleasdale, Ruth, ?Class Conflict on the canals of Upper Canada in the
1840s,? Labour/Le Travail, 7 (1981), 9-39.

*Byrne, C. J., ed., Gentlemen-bishops and faction fighters: the letters of
bishops O Donel, Lambers, Scallon, and other Irish missionaries. St. John?
s, Newf., 1984).

*__________, and Margaret Harry, eds. Talamh An Eisc. Halifax, 1986.

Clarke, Brian P. Piety and nationalism: lay voluntary associations and the
creation of an Irish-Catholic community in Toronto, 1850-1895. Kingston &
Montreal: McGill-Queen?s University Press, 1994.

Cottrell, Michael, ?St. Patrick?s Day Parades in Nineteenth-Century Toronto;
A Study of Immigrant Adjustment and Elite Control,? Social History, 25, 49
(1992), pp. 57-73.

Cross, Michael, ?The Shiners? War: Social Violence in the Ottawa Valley in
the 1830s,? Canadian historical review, 54, 1 (1973), pp. 1-26.

Grace, Robert J., ?The Irish in Quebec: An Introduction to the
Historiography,? Labour, 35, (1995), pp. 327-329.

Darroch, A. G., and M. D. Ornstein, ?Ethnicity and occupational structure in
1871: the vertical mosaic in historical perspective,? Canadian historical
review, 56 (1980), 305-33.

Darroch, Gordon, ?Half Empty or Half Full? Images and Interpretations in the
Historical Analysis of Catholic Irish in Nineteenth-Century Canada,?
Canadian Ethnic Studies, 25, 1 (1993), 1-8.

Davin, Nicholas Flood. The Irishman in Canada. Toronto, 1877.

Dickson, R. J. Ulster emigration to colonial America, 1718-1785. Belfast:
Ulster Historical Foundation, 1966.

DiMatteo, Livio, ?The Wealth of the Irish in Nineteenth-Century Ontario,?
Social Science History, 20, 2 (1996), pp. 209-34.

Duncan, Kenneth, ?Irish famine immigration and the social structure of
Canada West,? Canadian review of sociology and anthropology (1965), 19-40.

Elliott, Bruce S. Irish Migrants in the Canadas: A New Approach.
Kingston: McGill-Queen's University Press, 1988.

*Houston, Cecil J. and William J. Smyth. Irish emigration and Canadian
settlement: patterns, links, and letters. Toronto: U. of Toronto Press,
1990.

*_______________________________. The sash Canada wore: a historical
geography of the Orange Order in Canada. Toronto: University of Toronto
Press, 1980.

_______________________________, ?The Orange Order and he Expansion of the
Frontier in Ontario, 1830-1900,? Journal of Historical Geography, 4, 3
(1978), 251-64.

Iacovetta, F. (ed.), A Nation of Immigrants: Readings in Canadian History,
1840s-1960s.

Katz, Michael B. The people of Hamilton, Canada West: family and class in a
mid-nineteenth-century city. Cambridge: Harvard University Press, 1975.

Kealey, Gregory, ?The Orange Order in Toronto: religious riot and the
working class,? in Kealey and P. Warrian, eds., Essays in Canadian working
class history. Toronto: McClelland and Stewart, 1976.

______________. Toronto workers respond to industrial capitalism,
1867-1892. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1980.

Lockwood, Glenn, J., ?Irish Immigrants and the ?Critical Years? in Eastern
Ontario: The Case of Montague Township, 1821-1881,? Canadian Papers in Rural
History, 4 (1984), pp. 153-78.

Lyne, D. C., and Peter M. Toner, ?Fenianism in Canada, 1874-84,? Studia
hibernica, 12 (1972), 27-76.

McGowan, Mark G., ?The De-Greening of the Irish: Toronto?s Irish-Catholic
Press, Imperialism, and the Forging of a New Identity, 1887-1914,?
Historical Papers (1989), pp. 118-45.

________________, ?The Waning of the Green: Catholics, the Irish, and
Identity in Toronto, 1887-1922, CHR, 82, 1 (2001), pp. 192-4.
_______________. The Waning of the Green: Catholics, the Irish, and
identity in Toronto, 1887-1922. Montreal: McGill-Queen?s U. Press, 1999.

*_______________, and Bruce Elliott, ?Irish Catholics and Protestants,? in
Paul R. Magocsi, ed., Encyclopedia of Ireland?s peoples. Toronto:
University of Toronto Press, 1999.

*Mannion, John. Irish settlements in eastern Canada. Toronto: U. of
Toronto Press, 1974.

*____________, ed. The peopling of Newfoundland. St. John?s, 1977.

*____________, ?The Waterford merchants and the Irish-Newfoundland
provisions trade, 1770-1820,? in Donald H. Akenson, ed., Canadian papers in
rural history, vol. III. Gananoque, Ontario: Langdale Press, 1982.

Matthews, W. Thomas, ?The Myth of Peaceable Kingdom: Upper Canadian Society
During the Early Victorian Period,? Queen?s Quarterly, 94, 2 (1987), pp.
383-401.

Murphy, Terrence, and Gerald Stortz, eds. Creed and culture: the place of
English-speaking Catholics in Canadian society, 1750-1930. Montreal:
McGill-Queen?s University Press, 1993.

Nash-Chambers, Debra L., ?In the Palm of God?s Hand? The Irish Catholic
Experience in Mid-Nineteenth Century Guelph,? Study Sessions: Canadian
Catholic Historical Association, 51 (1984), pp. 67-87.

Nicholson, Murray W., ?The Irish experience in Ontario: rural or urban??
Urban history review, 14 (Fall 1985), 37-45. Critique of Akenson?s
influential interpretations.

__________________, ?Irish Catholic Education in Victorian Toronto: An
Ethnic Response to Urban Conformity,? Social History, 17, 39 (1984), pp.
287-306.

Nicolson, Murray W., ?The Role of Religion in Irish-North American Studies,?
Ethnic Forum, 4, 1 (1984), 64-77.

*O'Driscoll, Robert, and Lorna Reynolds, eds. The Untold Story: The Irish
in Canada. Two vols. Toronto: Celtic Arts of Canada, 1988. Vol. 2
includes an extensive bibliography on the Irish in Canada.

O?Gallagher, Marianna. St. Patrick?s Quebec, 1824-1834. Quebec, 1981.

__________________. Grosse Isle: gateway to Canada, 1832-1937. Quebec,
1984.

*O?Grady, Brendan, ?A people set apart: the county Monaghan settlers in
Prince Edward Island,? Clogher record, 12, no. 1 (1985).

Parr, G. J., ?The welcome and the wake: attitudes in Canada West toward the
Irish famine migration,? Ontario history, 66, no. 3 (1974), 101-13.

*Power, Thomas P., ed. The Irish in Atlantic Canada, 1780-1900.
Frederickton, N.B.: New Ireland Press, 1991.

*Punch, Terrence. Irish Halifax: the immigrant generation. Halifax, 1981.

*See, Scott W. Riots in New Brunswick: Orange nativism and social violence
in he 1840s. Toronto: University of Toronto Press, 1993.

*___________, ?The Orange Order and Social Violence in Mid-Nineteenth
Century Saint John,? Acadiensis, 13, 1 (1983), pp. 68-92.

Senior, Hereward, ?The genesis of Canadian Orangeism,? in J. K. Johnson,
ed., Historical essays on Upper Canada. Toronto, 1975; also Ontario
history, 60 (1968).

______________, ?Ogle Gowan, Orangeism, and the Immigrant Question
1830-1833,? Ontario History, 66, 4 (1974), pp. 193-210.

______________, ?A Bid for Rural Ascendancy: The Upper Canadian Orangemen,
1836-1840,? Canadian Papers in Rural History, 5 (1986), pp. 224-34.

______________. The last invasion of Canada : the Fenian raids, 1866-1870.
Toronto ; Oxford : Dundurn Press, 1991.

______________. Orangeism: the Canadia Phase. Toronto, 1972.

Smyth, William J., ?The Irish in mid-nineteenth-century Ontario,? Ulster
folklife, 23 (1977), 970-1005.

Stortz, Gerald J., "Irish immigration to Canada in the 19th century,"
Immigration history newsletter, 11 (November 1979).

Suttor, Timothy, ?Catholicism and Secular Culture: Australia and Canada
Compared,? Culture, 30, 2 (1969), pp. 93-113.
_____________, ?The Irish in Canada: An Update,? ibid., 17, 2 (1985), pp.
8-11.

*Toner, Peter M., ed. Historical essays on the Irish in New Brunswick: New
Ireland remembered. Frederickton, N.B.: New Ireland Press, 1988.

*____________, ?Lifting the Mist: Recent Studies on the Scots and the
Irish,? Acadiensis, 18, 1 (1988), pp. 215-226. Critique of Akenson?s work.

*____________, ?Occupation and ethnicity: the Irish in New Brunswick,?
Canadian ethnic studies, 20, no. 3 (1988), 155-65.

*____________, ?The origins of the New Brunswick Irish, 1851,? Journal of
Canadian studies, 23, nos. 1-2 (Spring/Summer 1988).

*____________, ?The ?Green Ghost?: Canada?s Fenians and the Raids,?
Eire-Ireland, 16, 4 (1981), pp. 27-47.

Wilson, Catherine Anne. A new lease on life: landlords, tenants and
immigrants in Ireland and Canada. Montreal: McGill- Queen?s University
Press, 1994.

Wilson, David, ?The Irish in North America: New Perspectives,? Acadiensis,
18, 1 (1988), pp. 199-215.



- --
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Personal Fax 0044 (0) 709 236 9050

Irish-Diaspora list
Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/
Irish Diaspora Net Archive http://www.irishdiaspora.net

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Social Sciences and Humanities
University of Bradford
Bradford BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

More on the history of Irish dance...

When I was in Ireland recently I was fortunate to meet Helen Brennan and
discuss her book with her - a book which I have now ordered. So, perhaps
more on that at a later date...

The Story of Irish Dance
By Helen Brennan
ISBN 0 86322 244 7
BRANDON Illustrated Hardback

Table of Contents

Introduction
The History of Dance in Earlier Times
Dance and the Gaelic League
Learning to Dance
Step Dance in Ireland
Social Dance in Ireland
Traditional Dance Occasions
The Clergy and Irish Dance
Focus on a Dance Community
Last Words
Appendix: Stepping
Note: The Irish Folklore Commission
Bibliography
Index

Publisher contact
http://www.brandonbooks.com/index.html
http://www.brandonbooks.com/whats_new.html

Review at...
http://www.historyireland.com/resources/reviews/review6.html

See also, for example...
http://www.mustrad.org.uk/reviews/dresser.htm

Review article by Helen Brennan, about Frank Whelan at...
http://www.setdance.com/journal/cgid.html

P.O'S.


- --
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Personal Fax 0044 (0) 709 236 9050

Irish-Diaspora list
Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/
Irish Diaspora Net Archive http://www.irishdiaspora.net

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Social Sciences and Humanities
University of Bradford
Bradford BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England

>From: Brian Lambkin
>To: "'irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk'"
>Subject: RE: Ir-D Our thanks to Russell Murray
>Date: Thu, 5 Sep 2002 09:34:47 +0100


Dear Paddy
Glad to know that you are back safely. I must say that I enjoyed the
Merriman experience but that probably had a lot to do with my not having to
do anything. All in all an impressive line up.

After last year's stunning success we are having another go at a Literature
of Irish Exile Autumn school. We would be grateful as ever if you would post
it.

Paddy F is performing at the Wiles Colloquium in Belfast today with Enda
Delaney and co. Will be interesting to see what comes out of it.
Best wishes

Brian

>
>-----Original Message-----
>
> From Email Patrick O'Sullivan
>
>We are back from Ireland - and perhaps I can share some scholarly comment
on
>the trip with the Ir-D list at a later date. It was very pleasant to renew
>friendships and make new friends.
>
>But, for the moment - safely home - my main feeling is that I have been
>doing too much driving. Which, in 'celtic tiger' Ireland, has become
>something of an extreme sport... My main task today is to stay awake until
>bed time...
>
>I'll be going through messages over the next few days, and looking at the
>Ir-D problems that Russell Murray has saved for me.
>
>Meanwhile, our thanks to Russell for looking after the Irish-Diaspora list
>in my absence.
>
>Paddy
>

From: Brian Lambkin


The Third Literature of Irish Exile Autumn School

Centre for Migration Studies at the Ulster-American Folk Park, Omagh
Saturday, 26 October 2002


>The Literature of Irish Exile Autumn School is now in its third year. The
>focus will again be on how emigrants from Ireland have given expression in
>words to feelings of exile. Part of the programme will take place in the
>stimulating setting of the Outdoor Museum of the Ulster-American Folk Park:
>at a fireside in the Old World, on board ship, and in the New World. The
>rest will be in the warmth of the library of the Centre for Migration
>Studies. The aim is to give members of the public a friendly opportunity to
>meet and mix with experts on some of the less well-known aspects of 'exile'
>in Irish literature.
>
>Speakers:
>Dr Sophia Hillan is Associate Director of the Queen's University of
>Belfast's Institute of Irish Studies and is the Academic Director of the
new
>International Summer School in Irish Studies and Pre-Semester Programme in
>Irish Studies for American and European students. Her published work
>includes The Silken Twine: a Study of the Works of Michael McLaverty
(1989);
>and (as editor) In Quiet Places: the Uncollected Stories, Letters and
>Critical Prose of Michael McLaverty (1992); (as co-editor) Hope and
History:
>Eyewitness Accounts of Life in Twentieth-century Ulster (1996). Her most
>recent work is The Edge of Dark: the Sense of Place in the Writings of Sam
>Hanna Bell and Michael McLaverty.
>
>Dr Liam Harte is Lecturer in the Academy of Irish Cultural Heritages,
>University of Ulster. He is joint editor of Drawing conclusions: a cartoon
>history of Anglo-Irish relations, Blackstaff 1998; Ireland since 1690: a
>concise history, Blackstaff, 1999; and editor of Contemporary Irish
fiction:
>themes, tropes and theories, Macmillan, 2000.
>
>Dr Patrick Ward is Advisor for English in the Western Education and Library
>Board and author of Exile, Emigration and Irish Writing, Irish Academic
>Press, 2002
>
>Chairs:
>Patricia Coughlan is a Professor of English at University College, Cork;
Her
>publications include an edited book on Spenser and Ireland and a co-edited
>book (with Alex Davis) on Modernism and Ireland: the Poets of the 1930s.
>Brian Lambkin is Director of CMS; Patrick Fitzgerald is Lecturer and
>Development Officer at CMS; Belfast; John Lynch is Senior Lecturer in the
>Institute of Lifelong Learning at Queen's University, Belfast
>
>Please see below for programme details
>
>
>Saturday 26 October, 2002
>
>10.15 Registration (CMS Library at Ulster-American Folk Park, Omagh)
>Tea / Coffee on arrival
>
>10.50 Welcome (CMS Library)
>
>11.00 'Across the Narrow Sea: Sam Hanna Bell's novel of exile', Sophia
>Hillan
> Chair: Patricia Coughlan
>
>11.45 Discussion
>
>12.00 'Writing "Home": The Autobiography of the Irish in Britain', Liam
>Harte
> Chair: Patricia Coughlan
>
>12.45 Discussion
>
>1.00 Lunch, Ulster-American Folk Park Restaurant
>
>1.45 'At a fireside in the Old World, on board ship, and in the New
>World: songs and other aspects of Emigration and Exile in the Outdoor
>Museum', (Brian Lambkin, John Lynch, Patrick Fitzgerald)
>
>3.00 Afternoon Tea (CMS Library)
>
>3.15 'Exile, Emigration and Irish Writing', Patrick Ward
> Chair: Sophia Hillan
>
>4.00 Discussion (including chairs)
>
>4.15 Summary Remarks: Patricia Coughlan
>
>4.30 Reception by Omagh District Council for speakers and participants
in
>Library
>
>
>Fee: £20.00 stg (50% concession for students, unwaged and senior citizens)
>This includes: registration, morning tea/coffee, lunch, afternoon
tea/coffee
>and drinks reception.
>
>Contact
>Tel: 028 82 256315
>Fax: 028 82 242241
>E mail uafp[at]iol.ie
>

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

The following book review appeared in
BOOKVIEW IRELAND
Editor: Pauline Ferrie, August, 2002, Issue No.85
and appears here with permission...

THE LIBERATOR'S BIRTHDAY by JILL BLEE
- - Using the Joycean device of compressing all the action into one day,
Jill Blee has presented a view of life in nineteenth-century
Australia as experienced by a group of Irish immigrants. Clothing
fact with a cloak of fiction, her third novel examines the way in
which first- and second-generation Irishmen and women are affected by
the slump in the economy and the increasing power of the church. The
story is told through the eyes of Tommy Farrell, the son of an
immigrant couple who have prospered in the goldfields of Ballarat, a
prosperity that Christy is enjoying but that has left his wife,
Martha, over-ambitious for her family. The day which begins at eight
o'clock for Tommy is a special day in the history of Ballarat for it
is the centenary of the birth of Daniel O'Connell, and the town sets
about celebrating it with some gusto. The action rarely leaves the
interior of the Farrell's bar, The Globe, where the cast of
characters include the drink-sodden O'Hehir who spends the day
'conversing' with the Liberator, his eye fixed on a point between two
whiskey bottles high on a shelf. While some disruption is caused by
the workers and the unemployed who frequent the bar, by far the most
disruptive influence is the Dean, the archetypal late nineteenth-
century priest who presumes the right to order each and every part of
the lives of his parishioners. His relentless demand for donations
even manages to alienate the socially ambitious Christy, but his
bigotry has a far graver outcome for other members of the community.

Through dialogue the author contrives to relay the deeds of Daniel
O'Connell and much of the history of Ireland during the nineteenth
century, while at the same time maintaining the thread of the Farrell
family story with its sibling rivalry, conceit, its secret ambitions
and disappointments. An unusual mix of fact and fiction, "The
Liberator's Birthday" succeeds in portraying the precariousness of
life and love in the years following the Australian gold rush.
(Indra Publishing, www.indra.com.au, ISBN 0-9578735-3-0, ?13.20)

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Other book reviews of interest from
BOOKVIEW IRELAND
Editor: Pauline Ferrie, August, 2002, Issue No.85...

When I was on holiday last year a fellow traveller gave me a copy of
McCarthy's Bar to read. A book which often made me laugh out loud - but
which suffered from the recurring conundrum of all such travel writing, that
every incident must have 'significance'. Yet I suppose, in the grand scheme
of things, every incident does have significance...

P.O'S.

THE ROAD TO MCCARTHY by PETE MCCARTHY
- - A series of anecdotes, some hilarious, others extraordinary, a few
deeply moving, have been gathered by the author during a journey in
search of Irishmen which led him from Gibraltar to Morocco and on to
New York, from Tasmania to Montserrat and Butte, Montana, arriving
back in Ireland after a sojourn in Alaska. Much of the narrative
concerns members of his own clan, in particular the McCarthy Mor, a
man from Dunmurry in Belfast now living in Morocco who has managed to
alienate the Irish government and has been relieved of his title of
clan chief. While his descriptions of both places and people are
rich with humour, McCarthy does not baulk at introducing a serious
note and this is particularly apparent in his search for the
Tasmanian sites associated with Francis Meagher and William Smith
O'Brien. Even more solemn is his decision to refrain from describing
the most recent horror to be associated with the island, the massacre
of thirty-five people in 1996.

In his peregrinations Pete McCarthy intertwines his interest in the
McCarthy name with his admiration for the Young Irelanders in a way
which unifies what might otherwise seem to be a rather unstructured
series of impressions and character sketches. Thus on his way to
Alaska he stops off in Montana to pay tribute to Meagher, whose
career after his escape from Tasmania led him to the position of
governor of that State. Similarly a further journey leads him to the
courthouse in which Meagher, John Mitchel and Smith O'Brien received
their sentences.

While McCarthys both living and dead crop up in all kinds of
different places, there is only one town on his itinerary that bears
the name, and this a remote settlement at the end of a disused
railway track in Alaska where a flourishing mining town once stood.
Here the author eventually discovers a photograph of the McCarthy for
whom the town was named, a James McCarthy who had mined in the area
in the early years of the twentieth century. And again Pete McCarthy
unites two far distant locations by returning to the Beara peninsula
in West Cork from where so many of the copper miners emigrated, to
try to trace the origins of this man who left his mark on a dot on
the Alaskan map.

Although at times there seems to be a formlessness about this work,
lacking as it does the unifying theme of "McCarthy's Bar", the
author's powers of observation of both landscape and character
maintain the levels of interest and enjoyment and, as with his first
book, Pete McCarthy can still make me laugh out loud.
(Hodder & Stoughton, ISBN 0-340-76606-9, pp432, ?28.60)

RIVERDANCE, THE PHENOMENON by BARRA Ó CINNÉIDE
- - Barra Ó Cinnéide, who has published a number of papers on the
Riverdance factor, has here set out to examine its origins, the
influences that led to its conception and growth, and its
significance in the expansion of both the Irish economy and the
perception of Ireland on the international stage. Beginning with an
examination of the differences between tradition and culture, the
author moves on to an overview of the role of dance in Irish society
before focusing on the incredible explosion of interest in dance
following the 1994 Eurovision Song Contest. Ó Cinnéide sees the
roots of the Riverdance phenomenon in both the Seville Suite,
composed by Bill Whelan for the World Fair held in Seville in 1992,
and the "Mayo 5000" event, which again featured a Bill Whelan
composition and in which both Michael Flatley and Jean Butler
featured, though they were not dancing together on that occasion.
When Moya Doherty, therefore, was given the task of providing the
interval entertainment during the 1994 Eurovision Song Contest and
chose the innovative route of a dance sequence, she knew immediately
that Whelan, Flatley and Butler were the people she wanted to work
with.

The author describes the seven-minute dance routine as "an
entertainment version of a free sample being sent to millions of
people", and gives credit to Moya Doherty and John McColgan, neither
of whom had much experience of live theatrical performance, for their
courage in taking the financial and professional risk associated with
the extended stage version. He expresses his admiration for their
enterprise in not only managing to expand a seven-minute presentation
into a two-hour show, but also in adapting it to suit an
international audience. Not least of their achievements was the
later survival of the show when both Michael Flatley and Jean Butler
left the cast. The effect on the world of traditional Irish dance
was immediate, with some traditionalists condemning the new sexuality
and freedom of movement apparent in Riverdance while dancing teachers
suddenly found themselves inundated with new pupils. Dancing
suddenly acquired an entirely new image and opened up a professional
career other than in teaching. The entrepreneurial aspects of
Riverdance, with its spin-offs Lord of the Dance, Feet of Flame and
Dancing on Dangerous Ground, have given, according to Ó Cinnéide,
enormous potential for Ireland's future. He talks of the way in
which the dance shows have helped to establish a "brand" for Ireland
and cites the opportunities for incorporating dance into tourism
ventures, emphasising that the worlds of culture and commercialism
are not necessarily mutually exclusive.

Although there is one reference to a 2001 article, Ó Cinnéide's work
has a curiously dated air, as though the text, with its references to
the Celtic Tiger and the now defunct Boyzone, was completed some time
before publication. This, and the over-use of exclamation marks,
detracts only slightly from a far-reaching and interesting study of
an Irish success story which has been universally acclaimed.
(Blackhall, ISBN 1-901-65790-6, pp230, ?17.95)

IN A CAFÉ by MARY LAVIN
- - TownHouse have reissued their 1995 collection of the stories of Mary
Lavin, chosen by her daughter Elizabeth Walsh Peavoy. In his
foreword Thomas Kilroy acknowledges the debt he owed to the author
when, as a young man setting out on a career as a writer, he began to
visit her home in Bective. He pinpoints her recurrent theme of
materialism versus passion, acted out against a backdrop of family
and small community in Ireland, and admits that his own favourites
from the collection are those which deal with Mary Lavin's widowhood,
the time when he first met her. The author's daughter sheds light on
the autobiographical aspect of the stories, leading us through the
life of her mother from her arrival in Ireland from the States to her
widowhood "In the Middle of the Fields".

And then we are left to savour the stories themselves, all more or
less familiar except for one previously unpublished work, "The
Girders", which captures the paradox of an emigrant's yearning for
home while knowing that his adopted home has become just as precious.
"In the Middle of the Fields" portrays the young widow whose house is
an island surrounded by a sea of grass, an island of loneliness which
is momentarily invaded by another lonely person. The tension within
families is a subject with which Mary Lavin has a sure touch; Sophie
and her mother in "A Cup of Tea" have a relationship coloured by
their different attitudes to Sophie's father; the antagonism between
sisters Agatha and Rose in "A Gentle Soul" is paralleled in the
greater depth of understanding between Veronica and Mabel in "Chamois
Gloves".

Beyond all, this theme is evident in "The Will", the story which
Thomas Kilroy tells us Mary Lavin felt was "the finest expression of
her art". This is small-town Ireland revealed, family members agree
to help the dispossessed sister who is deemed to have lowered the
family tone and has been left out of her mother's will. The
recalcitrant Lally refuses the help offered by her siblings but is
convulsed by the thought that she might be the cause of her mother's
suffering. Inheritance problems also permeate "The Little Prince",
in which Mary Lavin's expertise in delineating character is perhaps
most strongly shown. Here also the older member of the family tries
to order the life of a younger sibling, and the author combines
manipulation with a softness in the character of Bedelia which makes
her completely credible.

To those of us familiar with the short stories of Mary Lavin this
collection will give renewed pleasure, while those who have
encountered her work only as an exam text have a wealth of enjoyment
before them. (TownHouse, ISBN 1-86059-001-2, pp312, ?8.99)

From: Brian Lambkin


Thanks Paddy.
B.

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

I have pasted in below the abstract of a new article by Louise Ryan...

Louise Ryan, Aliens, Migrants and Maids: Public Discourses on Irish
Immigration to Britain in 1937, in Immigrants and Minorities, Vol.20, No
3. pp.25-42.

It seems that Louise Ryan's interest was sparked by a discussion, some time
ago, here on the Irish-Diaspora list, about the 1937 Report, 'Migration to
Great Britain from the Irish Free State' - and so she journeyed to the
Public Record Office to wade through the files...

Louise Ryan
Aliens, Migrants and Maids: public discourses on Irish immigration to
Britain in 1937

This paper examines public discourses on Irish immigration to Britain
through an
analysis of two separate but related documentary sources from the year
1937.
?Migration to Great Britain from the Irish Free State: Report of the
Inter-
departmental Committee? (1937), and the Liverpool press. Through these
sources I
examine some of the overlaps and tensions between central government and
a
specific local context. I also discuss the gendering processes which,
despite the
acknowledged preponderance of women among the immigrants, continued to
focus
almost exclusively on male ?navvies?. The only women explicitly
discussed by the
inter-departmental committee were a group of factory ?girls? in
Aylesbury. The
majority of Irish women who worked in the private sphere of domestic
service were
ignored or perhaps deliberately excluded.

The Frank Cass, publisher, Immigrants and Minorities, web site does not as
yet list the TOC and Abstracts of this issue.

http://www.frankcass.com/jnls/im.htm

P.O'S.


- --
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Personal Fax 0044 (0) 709 236 9050

Irish-Diaspora list
Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/
Irish Diaspora Net Archive http://www.irishdiaspora.net

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Social Sciences and Humanities
University of Bradford
Bradford BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England

From: "Sarah Morgan"
To: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk
Subject: Report of the Taskforce on Emigration

The report of the Taskforce on Emigration is now available for download from
the Department of Foreign Affairs, Republic of Ireland, website
www.gov.ie/iveagh
Follow the link to Emigrant Taskforce Reprt from this front page.
Also at the same place is the study commissioned by the Taskforce from
Bronwen Walter.

Sarah Morgan.

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

A possibly neglected area within Irish Diaspora Studies?

P.O'S.

Forwarded on behalf of
Alison Franks
Area Chair, Collectors and Collecting
Southwest-Texas Popular Culture Association/American Culture Association
Annual Meeting 2003

Dear Friends, Here is the first round on the CFP for the SW-TPCA/ACA
meeting coming up for February 12-15 here in Albuquerque at the Hilton once
again. Please pass it on to any appropriate lists or to any colleagues
that you think might be interested. I do so look forward to receiving your
proposals! Best, Alison


Call for Papers, Panels, Presentations on:
Collecting, Collectibles, Collectors, Collections

THE SOUTHWEST-TEXAS POPULAR CULTURE ASSOCIATION/AMERICAN CULTURE ASSOCIATION

February 12-15, 2003
Albuquerque, New Mexico



We seek proposals for individual presentations and for entire panels about
collecting, collectibles, collections, collectors and those whose artifacts
are collected, for the SW-TPCA/ACA's annual conference for Popular/American
Culture scholars and aficionados. We encourage presentations from any of
the many Gender Studies perspectives, the many Ethnic Studies perspectives,
the many LGBT perspectives, and the many Popular Culture/Cultural Studies
perspectives, including theoretical considerations and Material Culture
Studies. We seek presentations/panels from collectors, from creators of
collectible art/artifacts, and from and about those who mediate between
those who collect and those who create or offer collectibles (such
mediators as gallery owners, traders, agents).

This will be the third year that the collectors and collecting area of
interest will be represented at this conference. Last year we had six
panels of three presentations each. The two previous meetings have
resulted in an expanding network of diverse people sharing mutual
interests. We hope to continue to grow. Please join us.

Some areas of consideration include, but are not limited to:

1. Your personal collection;
2. The history of collecting;
3. The impulse to collect;
4. Various attitudes towards collecting various artifacts in various
ethnic, faith, class, educational, racial, social, generational or
regional communities;
5. Collecting and political correctness;
6. Private collections as passion, as social climbing activity, as
investments, as
inflation hedges;
7. The business of collecting - buying and selling, mediating value - the
dealer, the
picker, the agent;
8. The impact of the Internet (including eBay and like sites) on
collecting;
9. Relationships between collectors and curators;
10. Private collections as the basis for public museums;
11. Representations of collectors in popular fiction, film, theater;
12. Collecting as therapy/Collecting as neurosis;
13. Collecting as community activity;
14. Collecting as scholarship;
15. Collectors' organizations (car clubs, stamp clubs, costume jewelry
collectors'
groups, etc.), their functions, their controversies (for instance,
conflicts between display and use, such as total restoration to showroom
condition vs. repair and daily use for classic cars);
16. Do women and men, people with different levels of education, people
with
different class and ethnic origins collect different "stuff"?
17. The impact of collectors on "folk" or "ethnic" artists/makers -
changes in style or palette, changes in gender roles, etc.;
18. What is an "authentic" collectible?
19. My junk/your treasure,my treasure/your junk.

These are just ideas that come to mind from our previous experience and
from questions yet unexplored by meeting panels; there are many other
appropriate topics and viewpoints as well.

For questions about the 2003 meeting - place (The Albuquerque Hilton),
fees, accomodation and travel information - please go to the 2003 Meeting
page of the organization's website (www2.h-net.msu.edu/~swpca).

Please send your proposals (presentation time is about 20 minutes, leaving
time for lively discussion following three presentations per panel) to me,
Area Chair for Collectors and Collecting, at the following address:

Alison Franks
4000 Aspen Avenue NE
Albuquerque NM 87110
e-mail: Calwoodrat[at]aol.com

I would much appreciate your sharing of this CFP with your colleagues and
ListServs.

With thanks,

Alison Franks
Area Chair, Collectors and Collecting
Southwest-Texas Popular Culture Association/American Culture Association
Annual Meeting 2003

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Forwarded for information...

We have had some problems with some of the web addresses provided by Will
Kelly.

But this one seems to work...
www.bogsideartists.com

P.O'S.


Dear Editor,
Could you please make the following known to your readers? It is sure
to be of great interest to many of them, particularly those acquainted with
Ireland and/or Irish affairs and public art. You may edit, of course. And
for further information do visit our official website;


Will Kelly

PRESS RELEASE

Now available is the book 'MURALS', a lavishly illustrated publication on
the lives and work of The Bogside Artists of Derry, Northern Ireland. These
three painters are internationally known for their murals painted in the
Bogside, a place that has seen much of the trouble in the city over the last
30 years. It includes not only brief and informative histories of Derry and
Ireland but commentaries from world-renowned playwright and Derryman Brian
Friel, Gerry Adams, Bishop Daly and others. You will also find in its pages
detailed accounts of the making of a mural from scratch and is of particular
interest to students of art and Irish politics.

It is the intention of the Bogside Artists to complete the project they
embarked upon in 1994 - to construct for The Bogside a panoramic history of
the troubles on the gable-ends of an entire street.

When finished in 2004 this will be an open-air gallery of unique
significance in the world . The final painting of the series will be a Peace
Mural , a fitting curtain on a long history of conflict. The project has the
support of The Derry City council.

You can get copies of 'MURALS' and high-quality posters of the work of The
Bogside Artists at,
www.bogsideartists.com








http://www.bogsideartists.com/

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

There was an entertaining article in the Guiardian last week, from an Irish
person pondering the new 'Irish' gangster movies...

My views are known...

Delete 'Italian', insert 'Irish'...

And...

Do not expect to learn anything about Ireland or Irish people - do expect to
learn about the demands of genre...

On the other hand, the stills from Gangs of New York look splendid...
www.gangsofnewyork.com

P.O'S.



http://www.guardian.co.uk/arts/fridayreview/story/0,12102,786396,00.html

You bunch of softies

Tom Hanks, Leonardo DiCaprio, Paul Newman... why are such wholesome types
playing Irish-American gangsters? Joe Queenan goes looking for a fight

Friday September 6, 2002
The Guardian

EXTRACT BEGINS>>>
Several years ago, some clever critic whose name presently escapes me wrote
that the only time in the history of Ireland that everyone agreed on
anything was when word got out that Kevin Costner might land the starring
role in Michael Collins. Though I do not feel anything even vaguely
resembling this sense of cultural outrage when the names Leonardo DiCaprio,
Tom Hanks and Paul Newman come up, I must confess to a certain confusion as
to why actors who do not look even vaguely Celtic are suddenly popping up in
movies about Irish-Americans. After all, there are about 50 million of us
over here in the US, more than 10 times the population of Ireland. Did
somebody lose Sean Penn's phone number?
EXTRACT ENDS>>>

From Email Patrick O'Sullivan

From Werner Sollors
the latest Longfellow Institute announcement...

Members of the Ir-D list will know that we are in longterm communication
with Werner, hoping some day to develop projects on the Irish language that
link with the Longfellows...

See the Discussion Papers at
www.irishdiaspora.net
in the folder marked Projects.

Of course my little demonstration with the Irish 5 pound note has been
overtaken by the Euro.

Note that Werner's newsletters do now mention the Irish language...

P.O'S.


THE LONGFELLOW INSTITUTE
http://www.fas.harvard.edu/~lowinus

Founded in 1994 at Harvard University, Cambridge, Massachusetts, and
directed by Marc Shell and Werner Sollors, the Longfellow Institute was
designed to pull together past efforts to study the non-English writings in
what is now the United States and to reexamine the English-language
tradition in the context of American multilingualism. Named after Henry
Wadsworth Longfellow, the polyglot nineteenth-century poet who, in his
translations and academic work, helped to develop literary study across
linguistic boundaries, the Institute has set itself the task to identify,
and to bring back as the subject of study, the multitudes of culturally
fascinating, historically important, or aesthetically outstanding American
texts that were written in many languages, ranging, for example, from works
in indigenous Amerindian languages, Portuguese, Spanish, Italian, French,
Dutch, German, Norwegian, Swedish, Russian, Polish, Yiddish, Hungarian,
Chinese, and Japanese, to Arabic and French texts by African Americans.

The Multilingual Anthology of American Literature: A Reader of Original
Texts with English Translations was published by New York University Press
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0814797539/ref=ed_oe_p/104-7221229-87
02320. The Multilingual Anthology offers a first sampling of what the
English-only approach to American literature has missed: Omar Ibn Said's
1831 African-American slave narrative written in Arabic. Dafydd Morgan, the
only American immigrant novel published in Welsh. The Native American epic,
Walum Olum, in the Lenape language. Theodor Adorno's dream transcripts, in
German. A short story by "Yi Li" (Pan Xiumei) about the politics of abortion
in working-class Chinatown. "Lesbian Love," a surprisingly explicit chapter
from an 1853 New Orleans novel. A haunting 1904 ballad, "The Revenge of the
Forests," that is one of the first expressions of radical environmentalism
in the United States. A reexamination of an Angel Island poem and its two
heterogeneous English translations. The Multilingual Anthology of American
Literature brings together American writings in diverse languages from
Arabic and Spanish to Swedish and Yiddish, among others. Presenting each
work in its original language with facing page translation, the book
provides a complement to all other currently available anthologies of
American writing, and will serve to complicate our understanding of what
exactly American literature is. American literature appears here as more
than an offshoot of a single mother country, or of many mother countries,
but rather as the interaction among diverse linguistic and cultural
trajectories.

Essay collections:

A companion volume of essays is Multilingual America: Transnationalism,
Ethnicity, and the Languages of America, edited by Werner Sollors
http://www.nyupress.org/product_info.php?cPath=34&products_id=1700. Arguing
that multilingualism is perhaps the most important form of diversity,
Multilingual America calls attention to--and seeks to correct--the
linguistic parochialism that has defined American literary study. By
bringing together essays on important works by, among others, Yiddish,
Chinese-American, Turkish-American, German-American, Italian-American,
Norwegian-American, and Spanish-American writers, this collection presents a
fuller view of multilingualism as a historical phenomenon and as an ongoing
way of life.
Another companion volume of essays, edited by Marc Shell, is the essay
collection American Babel: Literatures of the United States from Abnaki to
Zuni (ISBN 0-674-00661-5); it is part of the Harvard English Studies series
published by Harvard University Press
http://www.hup.harvard.edu/catalog/SHEAME.html. If ever there was a polyglot
place on the globe (other than the Tower of Babel), America between 1750 and
1850 was it. Here three continents--North America, Africa, and Europe--met
and spoke not as one, but in Amerindian and African languages, in German and
English, Spanish, French, and Dutch. How this prodigious multilingualism
lost its voice in the making of the American canon and in everyday American
linguistic practice is the problem American Babel approaches from a variety
of angles. Included are such topics as the first Arabic-language
African-American slave narrative, Greek-American bilingual books, Yiddish
women poets, Welsh-American dramatists, Irish Gaelic writing, Creole novels,
a Zuni storyteller; and in essays on Haitian, Welsh, Spanish, and Chinese
literatures, the contributors trace the relationship between domestic
nationalism and immigrant internationalism, between domestic citizenship and
immigrant ethnicity.
Orm Øverland's collection Not English Only: Redefining "American" in
American Studies http://www.vuboekhandel.nl/vuuitgeverij/publish.html
appeared in Rob Kroes's series "European Contributions to American Studies"
at the VU Press in Amsterdam (ISBN 9053837566). It brings together
Longfellow Institute work from various conferences, with contributions on
Afro-Creole, Spanish, Ladino, Swedish, Norwegian, German, Polish, Hebrew,
Japanese, and Chinese-language aspects of American culture.
A more specifically focused volume of essays, German?American?Literature?:
New Directions in German-American Studies (ISBN 0-8204-5229-7), was coedited
by Winfried Fluck and Werner Sollors and is available from Peter Lang
http://www.peterlang.com. It presents case studies and general issues in
German-American literature from the seventeenth to the twenty-first
centuries, and from Pastorius's multilingual Bee-Hive to contemporary
German-American authors.

Studies:

Steven G. Kellman's The Translingual Imagination (University of Nebraska
Press)
http://www.amazon.com/exec/obidos/ASIN/0803227450/qid=975096461/sr=1-1/002-8
767764-1682856 is the first comprehensive study of authors around the world
who write in more than one language ("ambilinguals") or in a language other
than their primary one ("monolingual translinguals").
Orm Øverland's definitive study and comprehensive overview of
Norwegian-language writing in the United States, The Western Home: A
Literary History of Norwegian America
http://www.press.uillinois.edu/s97/overland.html and his book Immigrant
Minds, American Identities: Making the United States Home, 1870-1930
http://www.press.uillinois.edu/f00/overland.html have been published by the
University of Illinois Press.
Chinese American Literature since the 1850s by Xiao-huang Yin (University of
Illinois Press) http://www.press.uillinois.edu/s00/yin.html is the first
book on Chinese American Literature in English and Chinese. Yin's book
significantly enlarges the scope of Chinese and Asian American studies. This
body of literature, including works by immigrant writers such as Chen Ruoxi,
Yu Lihua, and Zhang Xiguo, reflects the high percentage of Chinese Americans
for whom the Chinese language remains an integral part of everyday life.

Editions and translations of texts:

Christoph Lohmann's edition of Ottilie Assing's writings, entitled Radical
Passion: Ottilie Assing's Reports from America and Letters to Frederick
Douglass (Peter Lang, ISBN0-8204-4526-6),
http://www.peterlang.com/titles/GenTitle.asp?Title=3080&Category=22&Search=T
rue presents eighty essays and reports on the United States (1852-1865) by
the German-American journalist Ottilie Assing (1819-1884) in their first
English translation by the editor, along with 27 letters from Assing to her
intimate friend Frederick Douglass in the years 1870-1879.

Two plays by the first African American playwright, Louisiana-born Creole of
color Victor Séjour who wrote in French, have been published by the
University of Illinois Press, edited and introduced by M. Lynn Weiss, in
their first English translation by by Norman R. Shapiro.
The Jew of Seville (Diégarias)
http://www.press.uillinois.edu/s02/sejour.html, first performed in 1844, is
the story of Jacob Eliacin, a Jew, during the Spanish Inquisition. Eliacin
had been humiliated and beaten by the uncle of his Christian lover, Bianca.
The couple had fled to Greece, where Bianca had died in childbirth. Eliacin,
who amassed great wealth, had assumed the name Diégarias and had raised
daughter Inés a Christian. Twenty years later, as the play opens, Diégarias
is now a prominent member of the court at Seville, where Inés encounters and
is seduced by Don Juan in a sham marriage. When he discovers Don Juan's
treachery Diégarias demands that the nobleman marry his daughter. But a
self-serving Moor reveals the truth of Diégarias's identity to Don Juan, who
then publicly refuses to marry a Jew's daughter. After this humiliation,
Diégarias retreats to plot revenge.
Séjour's mature tragedy The Fortune Teller (La Tireuse de cartes)
http://www.press.uillinois.edu/s02/sejour2.html was first performed in 1859,
just one year after six-year-old Edgardo Mortara was baptized by a maid and
removed from his Jewish home by the Bologna inquisitor. In Séjour's touching
rendering of the Mortara case, the infant girl Noémi is taken from her
Jewish family. Seventeen years later, Noémi's widowed and wealthy mother,
Geméa, masquerades as a poor fortune-teller in search of Noémi, who she
suspects is living with the Catholic Lomellini family under the name Paola.
In exchange for money to pay her husband's ransom, Bianca Lomellini reveals
to Geméa that Paola is indeed the long-lost Noémi. Neither Jew nor
Christian, the young woman grapples with her identity, testing the bonds of
family.

The Longfellow Institute Series at Johns Hopkins University Press

Johns Hopkins University Press http://www.press.jhu.edu/press/index.html is
publishing the official Longfellow Institute series which presents works of
general interest, typically in their first English translations.
Volume 1 is the lyrical novel A Saloonkeeper's Daughter by the
Norwegian-American woman writer Drude Krog Janson in the first English
translation by the late Gerald Thorson who also wrote the foreword for this
edition http://www.press.jhu.edu/press/books/titles/s02/s02jasa.htm. It is
the story of a young, beautiful, and pensive woman Astrid Holm, the daughter
of a stern bourgeois merchant and a melancholy actress, who, after her
mother's death and the failure of her father's business, follows him from
Norway to Minneapolis--where none of the Old World maxims seem to apply any
more and where her new identity is that of A Saloonkeeper's Daughter. The
central part of the novel shows the heroine's attempt to find her own way in
difficult courtship situations and, ultimately, as minister and companion of
a woman doctor. The edition was prepared by Orm Øverland who also wrote the
introduction and the notes.
Volume 2 is the German-American Ludwig von Reizenstein's The Mysteries of
New Orleans
http://www.press.jhu.edu/cgi-bin/bipshow.cgi?qry=reizenstein&type=auth, a
sensationalist novel inspired by Eugène Sue. It is a daring novel full of
intrigues and gothic horror as well as comedy and social satire. Its many
intricate plots and subplots include the awaited birth of a black messiah,
interracial romances, as well as an unususally candid representation of
lesbian love. One is not surprised that the publication of this roman-à-clèf
met with some difficulties and resistance. The novel is published here in
its first English translation by Steven Rowan who also wrote the
introduction. The book was reviewed in the New Orleans Times Picayune
http://www.nola.com/books/t-p/index.ssf?/livingstory/mysteries11.html
Further volumes are under preparation. Suggestions and proposals for the
first English publications of non-English-language books published in the
United States are invited by the series editors and should be submitted in
the ordinary manner to lowinus[at]fas.harvard.edu. Proposals typically include
a tentative table of contents and indication of envisioned length of ms., a
volume rationale highlighting significance and possible reader interest in
the volume, sample translations, and CVs of editor(s) and translators(s).

Convention news

MLA - The Modern Language Association http://www.mla.org Discussion Group
on "Literature of the United States in Languages Other Than English" was
granted permanent status by the Modern Language Association Executive
Council. If you would like to join the group, please mark "L2" on your MLA
membership form. The panel at the 2002 MLA Convention is "New Perspectives
on American Texts," chaired by Gönül Pultar, Dept. of English, Bilkent
University, Ankara, Turkey, gonul[at]bilkent.edu.tr.

IASA - The International American Studies Association
http://iasa.LA.psu.edu/ will hold its first congress in Leiden, Holland (May
22-24, 2003)

ALA - The next American Literature Association
http://www.americanliterature.org meeting will be held at the end of May
2003 in Cambridge, Massachusetts.