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perspective
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For information...

This article has appeare in the databases - but does not yet seem to be
assigned to a paper issue of the journal.

P.O'S.


Journal of Substance Use
Publisher: Taylor & Francis Health Sciences, part of the Taylor &
Francis Group
Issue: prEview

The Irish drinking habits of 2002--Drinking and drinking-related harm in a
European comparative perspective

Mats Ramstedt and Ann Hope

A1 Centre for Social Research on Alcohol and Drugs (SoRAD) Stockholm
University Sweden
A2 National Alcohol Policy Advisor Department of Health and Children Dublin
Ireland

Abstract:

Aims: To examine drinking habits and experiences of adverse consequences of
drinking among men and women in Ireland 2002 and to compare some results
with earlier European studies using similar data and methods.

Methods: Data on self-reported drinking habits and experiences of
alcohol-related problems were obtained from a general population survey
undertaken in 2002. Two approaches were used: (1) cross-tabulations of
drinking habits and the experience of adverse consequences in various
demographic groups (2) logistic regressions predicting the likelihood of
experiencing problems.

Results: Self-reported alcohol consumption confirms statistics on alcohol
sales; a lot of alcohol is consumed in Ireland today despite a large
fraction of abstainers in the population. Binge drinking is very common,
and, out of 100 drinking events, 58 end up in binge drinking for men and 30
for women. Irish drinkers also experience harmful drinking-related
consequences to a larger extent than in other western European countries.
Both volume of drinking and binge drinking affect the likelihood of
experiencing most alcohol-related harms. Conclusions: Drinkers in Ireland
drink more than in other western European countries and many have risky
drinking habits that lead to adverse consequences. It will be an important
challenge to find preventive measures that can reduce these problems in
Ireland.

Keywords:

Drinking habits, alcohol-related problems, Ireland

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From: lryan[at]supanet.com
Subject: Re: Medical checks for Irish migrants (1940s)


Hello,
I am currently carrying out an oral history research project with Irish
nurses to Britain (1940s-1960s).
Two of my participants who migrated in the 1940s described the medical
examinations they had to undergo in Dublin before they were allowed to
travel to Britain. Does anyone know more about these examinations. I think
they included x-rays for TB but also appear to have included de-lousing and
a close inspection of clothing! I asked if the medical staff were Irish or
English and the nurses thought they were a mixture of both. Obviously both
of these women are remembering an event which occured over 60 years ago when
they were 18 years old. So I would appreciate any further information about
the administration of these medical checks, when they started and when they
ended. One nurse told me they went on at least until 1949.

Thanks,
Louise

--
Dr. Louise Ryan, Research Fellow, Social Policy Research Unit Middlesex
University, l.ryan[at]mdx.ac.uk lryan[at]supanet.com

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From: W.F.Clarke[at]bton.ac.uk
Subject: RE: [IR-D] Medical checks for Irish migrants (1940s)

I can ask some people about this: some who would have come here to nurse in
the 1950s.

I have never heard of this but the x ray for TB perhaps rings true

I will get back to you

Very interested in what you are doing


Liam Clarke
Brighton Univ.

-----Original Message-----
From: lryan[at]supanet.com
Subject: Re: Medical checks for Irish migrants (1940s)


Hello,
I am currently carrying out an oral history research project with Irish
nurses to Britain (1940s-1960s).
Two of my participants who migrated in the 1940s described the medical
examinations they had to undergo in Dublin before they were allowed to
travel to Britain. Does anyone know more about these examinations. I think
they included x-rays for TB but also appear to have included de-lousing and
a close inspection of clothing! I asked if the medical staff were Irish or
English and the nurses thought they were a mixture of both. Obviously both
of these women are remembering an event which occured over 60 years ago when
they were 18 years old. So I would appreciate any further information about
the administration of these medical checks, when they started and when they
ended. One nurse told me they went on at least until 1949.

Thanks,
Louise

--
Dr. Louise Ryan, Research Fellow, Social Policy Research Unit Middlesex
University, l.ryan[at]mdx.ac.uk lryan[at]supanet.com

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From: Enda Delaney
e.delaney[at]abdn.ac.uk
Subject: RE: [IR-D] Medical checks for Irish migrants (1940s)

Louise,

This medical check (called the Health Embarkation Scheme) is described in
the memoirs of James Deeny, To Cure and Care: Memoirs of A Chief Medical
Officer (Dublin, Glendale Press, 1989). Deeney's account relates to 1944 but
I suspect the check continued until at least the ending of restrictions on
the emigration of Irish women in 1947. It was organised by the Irish
authorities. You might also find material in the national survey on TB
completed in the early 1950s (Tuberculosis in Ireland: Report of the
National Tuberculosis Survey, (1950-53), submitted to the Medical Research
Council of Ireland, 1954). Margaret Crawford, the medical historian based at
QUB, is currently working on the TB survey (see her webpage
http://www.qub.ac.uk/ssp/webpages/crawford.htm)

Enda Delaney

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From: P.Maume[at]Queens-Belfast.AC.UK
Subject: Re: [IR-D] Medical checks for Irish migrants (1940s) 2

From: Patrick Maume
Dr. James Deeny's memoir TO CURE AND TO CARE includes a description of
wartime disinfection measures for male migrants to Britain which included
de-lousing & being hosed down with disinfectant in a public bath. (I think
the rationale was that the British authorities were afraid that louse-borne
diseases like typhus survived in some parts of Ireland.) Deeny (who was a
pioneering health statistician & worked in the Department of Health)
describes how he got the Secretary of the Department of Finance to increase
funding for this programme by taking him to see the conditions under which
it was being carried out.
Best wishes,
Patrick

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From: P.Maume[at]Queens-Belfast.AC.UK
Subject: Re: [IR-D] Priests and sunglasses 5

From: Patrick Maume
An earlier example of the "imposed vocation" theme in Irish literature is
T.C. Murray's play MAURICE HARTE (c.1912).

Maurice is the younger son of a respectable farm family and has been brought
up for the priesthood; his being at Maynooth is a source of great pride and
social standing to his family. When he is at home for the holidays he tells
his mother that he has realised he has no vocation & does not wish to go
forward for ordination. (I am not sure if the turning-point he faces is
actual ordination or ordination as subdeacon, which took place two years
before ordination and involved binding vows of celibacy. The aura
surrounding the "spoiled priest" may have been influenced by the fact that
until the post-Vatican II changes seminarians were conferred with ascending
grades of "minor orders" - doorkeeper, lector, acolyte, exorcist, subdeacon
and deacon before final priestly ordination - at the end of each of their
seven years of studies, so that someone who left after two or three years
would already have acquired some of the characteristics of priesthood.) The
mother replies by telling him of all the sacrifices the family has made for
him & the shame his failure will bring on them before the neighbours, &
pressurises him into staying on; he subsequently has a nervous breakdown and
is brought home incurably insane. (I do not think he is actually ordained.)
Best wishes,
Patrick

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From: ultancowley[at]eircom.net
Subject: Re: [IR-D] Medical checks for Irish migrants (1940s) 2



Louise
I quote several accounts of these medicals, by both male and female
migrants, in The Men who built Britain (Chapter Six) and the citations will
be found in the Notes. One source was a ( male) direct correspondent and I
could make contact with him again if that would be helpful.

This was a wartime measure instigated by the British authorities. The men
were examined in The Globe Hotel, Talbot Street, and women in The
Fitzwilliam ( don't know the address).

The major emphasis seems to have been on de-lousing although, as one would
expect, it is this aspect which sticks most vividly in their memories -
perhaps at the expense of other less invasive procedures.

These were the women's accounts:
'...in this huge hall they put up screens the whole way round, and you went
behind one screen and got naked. And they were only screens and you could
see everything behind them. You went in and they made you raise up your
arms, they looked under both arms and they looked in your hair and they
looked in your private parts, and if anybody had vermin they were sent to
the baths'.
'When we got to Dublin we were met there and taken to this hotel. I'll never
forget that experience, it was terrible. They way they looked at you...we
had to strip, take all our clothes off, and they lloked at evry bit of us,
at our hair and everything, before they gave us a cup of tea even...
I tell you, if I'd known what would happen, I wouldn't have ventured coming
over here - I'd have stayed at home'.

I don't know the nationality of the medical staff but at least two men
remarked that one of the doctors seemed to be drunk!

Ultan

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From: Elizabeth Malcolm
Subject: Medical Checks for Irish Migrants (1940s)

Louise,

Several people have mentioned James Deeny's autobiography, 'To Cure and to
Care' (1989). He was chief medical advisor to the Dept. of Health in the mid
1940s and very involved in the preparation of the new health acts of the
period and in campaigns against diseases like TB, typhoid, enteritis, etc.
After his death in 1994, a collection of his articles, mainly produced for
medical journals during the 1940s and 1950s, was published, edited by Tony
Farmer: 'The End of an Epidemic' (Dublin: A.& A. Farmer, 1995).

With regards to TB, Enda Delaney mentions the report of the national TB
survey, 'Tuberculosis in Ireland' (Dublin, 1954). I have a copy and he is
correct that that has a section on TB and migration. Greta Jones in her book
'"Captain of all those men of death": the History of TB in 19th and 20th
Century Ireland' (Amsterdam: Rodopi, 2001), also discusses concern in
England during the 1940s and 1950s that Irish immigrants were responsible
for spreading TB.

Elizabeth


Professor Elizabeth Malcolm
Gerry Higgins Professor of Irish Studies

Department of History
University of Melbourne
Parkville, Victoria
AUSTRALIA, 3010

Tel: +61-3-8344 3924
Fax: +61-3-8344 7894
Email: e.malcolm[at]unimelb.edu.au
Irish Studies Website: http://www.history.unimelb.edu.au/irish/index.htm

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From: "William Mulligan Jr."
To:
Subject: Call for Papers


CALL FOR PAPERS AND SESSION PROPOSALS

The program committee for the 2005 Ohio Valley History Conference
requests proposals for papers or complete sessions for the 2005
conference to be held at Murray State University, Murray, Kentucky,
October 27 to 29, 2005.

The conference is open to papers on any geographic area or time period
or from any discipline that has a historical dimension. Paper proposals
from graduate students and those outside academia, especially those in
public history or public archeology, are invited. Proposals for
complete sessions are especially welcome, but proposals for individual
papers will receive full consideration. Individuals who would like to
serve as session chairs or commentators are also invited to contact the
program committee chair. Proposals may be submitted by email.
Paper proposals should include a 250 word abstract of the proposed paper
and a brief c.v. Be sure to include a contact address, preferably an
email address. Session proposals should include abstracts for each
paper and the name(s) of the chair, commentator, if known, and contact
person.

All proposals for papers or sessions should be submitted by
APRIL 15, 2005.
We will try to respond by the end of May.

William H. Mulligan, Jr.
OVHC Program Chair
Dept. of History
Murray State University
Murray KY 42071-3341
Bill.mulligan[at]murraystate.edu

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ETUDES IRLANDAISES
VOL 29; PART 2; 2004
ISSN 0183-973X

pp. 7-28
About Behaving Normally in Abnormal Circumstances: A Retrospect on My
Writing So Far Fennell, D.

pp. 29-42
Marges: de l'entre-deux au creusement
Goarzin, A.

pp. 43-58
Establishing Boundaries in the Irish American West Quintelli-Neary, M.

pp. 59-74
Negotiating the Bi-Vocal Discourses of "Catholic" and "Protestant",
"Nationalist" and "Loyalist": Irish Traveller Identity as "Third Space"
Burke, M.

pp. 75-90
Place, Noise, Nation: Towards a Spatial Analysis of Irish Popular Music
Smyth, G.

pp. 91-108
Regards sur les territoires en Republique d'Irlande Brillet, P.

pp. 109-120
Entretien avec Christian Giriat: Dermot Bolger dramaturge des limbes
Fierobe, C.

pp. 121-134
Une eau fantastique: lecture de > de Joseph Sheridan
Le Fanu Manara, F.

pp. 135-150
Heart(h) and Home: Elizabeth Bowen's Irishness Summers-Bremner, E.

pp. 151-164
Spatial Metaphors In Frank McGuinness's Gates Of Gold Lojek, H.

pp. 165-186
Derry Is Donegal: Thresholds, Vectors, Limits In Seamus Deane's Reading In
The Dark Herron, T.

pp. 187-193
W.B. YEATS, Manuscript Materials, Cornell University Press Bonafous-Murat,
C.

p. 194
Bernard ESCARBELT & Claude FIEROBE eds., Les Francais sont dans la baie;
L'expedition en baie de Bantry, 1796 De Wiel, J. A.

p. 195
Kerby A. MILLER, Emigrants and Exiles: Ireland and the Irish Exodus to North
America Gillissen, C.

p. 195
Dermot P.J. WALSH, Bloody Sunday and the Rule of Law in Northern Ireland
Mailhes, C.

p. 196
Fintan O'TOOLE: After the Ball
Guillaumond, J.

p. 197
Rev. D. Vincent TWOMEY, SVD: The End of Irish Catholicism Guillaumond, J.

p. 198
James Gordon FARRELL: L'Etreinte de Singapour Delattre, E.

p. 199
Neil JORDAN, Shade
Pernot-Deschamps, M.

p. 199
Ciaran CARSON: The au trefle
Delattre, E.

p. 200
Melissa FEGAN: Literature and the Irish Famine 1845-1919 Fierobe, C.

pp. 200-201
Victor SAGE: Le Fanu's Gothic; The Rhetoric of Darkness Girard, G.

p. 202
Rudiger IMHOF, The Modern Irish Novel, Irish Novelists after 1945 Amiot, P.

p. 202
Linden PEACH: The Contemporary Irish Novel: Critical Readings Mikowski, S.

p. 203
Brian SINGLETON & Anna MCMULLAN eds, Performing Ireland Pelletier, M.

pp. 204-204
Julia FURAY & Redmond O'HANLON eds.: Critical Moments. Fintan O'Toole on
Modern Irish Theatre Pelletier, M.

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From: lryan[at]supanet.com
Subject: Re: [IR-D] Medical checks for Irish migrants (1940s) 5


hello again and thanks for all your helpful responses and references. One
of my respondents also mentioned the Globe Hotel, thanks Ultan.
I am particularly interested to know if these measures were instigated by
the British authorities though it seems from your responses that Irish
medical staff actually carried out the examinations.
I am assuming that entry into Britain was dependent upon a successful
medical report.
Thanks again,
Louise


--
Dr. Louise Ryan, Research Fellow, Social Policy Research Unit Middlesex
University, l.ryan[at]mdx.ac.uk lryan[at]supanet.com

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Film historians, and historians generally, have become very excited about
the Mitchell and Kenyon collection - web sites and further information
pasted in below...

Michell and Kenyon toured Britain around 1905 filming working people - the
ordinary people were the subject matter and the audience. The films were
shown at fun fairs and the like, and people were amused to see themselves on
the screen. The technical quality of the films is extraordinary - with
wonderful depth of field. This is a whole new source of period photography.
They would often put their camera on a tram, and film as they travelled
through a city - so you get the smoothest possible dolly shot.

They did some filming in Ireland - though I have not been able to establish
quite where and when. I have seen one sequence on a tram in Belfast. You
cannot help wondering if they might have been filming in Dublin on June 16
1904...

P.O'S.


Mitchell and Kenyon
BFI
http://www.bfi.org.uk/collections/mk/index.html

Mitchell and Kenyon on BBC Two
A three-part series about the Mitchell and Kenyon Collection, The Lost World
of Mitchell and Kenyon, will be screened on BBC Two starting January 14 at
9pm. The series has been co-produced by the BBC and the bfi, and will bring
this fascinating collection to perhaps its biggest audience yet.

Guardian
The lost world
It is the film equivalent of the discovery of Tutankhamen's tomb - a century
ago, two entrepreneurs toured Britain capturing working-class life on
camera. Ian Jack reveals how their archive has been brought back to life

Friday January 7, 2005
The Guardian
http://film.guardian.co.uk/features/featurepages/0,4120,1384840,00.html

'The Mitchell and Kenyon Collection consists of 800 non fiction titles
produced between 1900 -1913 which has survived as nitrate negatives. The
geographical spread of the material encompasses Lancashire, Yorkshire, the
Midlands, Scotland, Ireland, the North East, Ireland and Bristol.'
http://www.shef.ac.uk/nfa/mitchell_and_kenyon/index.php

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From: Kerby Miller
MillerK[at]missouri.edu
Cc: Sean Kane
Subject: Re: HELP!!!!!!

Could Peter Hart, Patrick Maume, or others on the List please help Mr. Kane
identify sources that may help him locate the information he seeks?

Many thanks,

Kerby Miller


>Please bear with me for a moment. I am doing my families genealogy and
>am looking for information in regards to my great-grandfather, John
>Green Kane. In 1910 he lived in Philadelphia, and sometime between
>then, I assume around 1914-1916 and 1924 he went to Ireland to help in
>Ireland's fight for independence from England. My guess is he was a
>member of the IRA. He was imprisoned there but eventually, my father
>tells me he was given a pardon around 1922 and returned to the US.
>Was there a widespread pardon around that time?
>And secondly, any idea where I can find prisoner lists or ship logs
>showing him departing or arriving in Ireland?
>One other thing, can you offer any guidance on other avenues to
>approach to find him during that time?
>
>Bear with me as I embarrasingly do not know much of the history of Ireland.
>
>Thank you for your anticipated cooperation,
>
>Sincerely,
>
>Sean M. Kane

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From: "William Mulligan Jr."
To:
Subject: Irish Miners on US TV in 1971

While doing some web surfing for references to Irish miners, I came across
this description of an episode of an old US television western. I wonder how
many old TV shows are out there that dealt with the Diaspora
in some way. Now to track down a 30-plus year old TV show.

http://www.thehighchaparral.com/ep243.htm

Bill Mulligan

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From: "William Mulligan Jr."
To:
Subject: RE: Southern Cross

Guillermo MacLoughlin's post on the Southern Cross raises a question.

He refers to it as the oldest Irish newspaper of the Diaspora. It certainly
has been published for a long time, but as I do the math The Pilot, now the
official paper of the archdiocese of Boston, would appear to be older. The
Pilot certainly has an important place in the Diaspora as well. Does its
status as a diocesan paper change its status? I don't know if it is worth
debating what is the "first" newspaper of the Diaspora - although it might
be worth discussing what constitutes a Diaspora publication and when and how
they began in different areas of the Diaspora.

Bill Mulligan

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Kerby,

This is a slightly unusual family history query - in that there might
actually be some formal historical interest here...

But I think it worth saying that all of us who have any kind of public
presence get a steady stream of requests from family historians and
genealogists. So much so that I now have a 'Family History: Standard
Reply', which I have posted on the web site, and which I send out to
querists. Even when I go on to be helpful...

I'll post that Standard Reply to IR-D for information and comment...

One problem is that family history and genealogy is now a lucrative
industry. And, from our side, there has got to be some limit to how much
unpaid work we are expected to do. One of the reasons I track what is
happening in the industry is that I suspect that there is a correlation
between costs out there and queries received here.

But I don't want to slam the door entirely. As my Standard Reply indicates.
The work of the family historians is a very interesting diasporic phenomenon
- and I recall here a number of discussions with Catherine Nash...

http://www.geog.qmul.ac.uk/staff/nash.html

http://www.ias.uwa.edu.au/activities_and_programs/programs_2000/papers_from_
the_july_workshop/catherine_nash

In some of my own writings I haved noted the problems that some academic
historians have with the family historians. And that is a subject I might
return to. I do note that in Karen Corrigan's notes on a talk given by
David Fitzpatrick about the AHRB Initiative (some IR-D members will have
seen those notes) David is quoted as saying - amongst much sensible stuff -
'Indeed, there would be mileage in exploiting the recent boom in
genealogy...' The actual notes say 'boon' but I think it must be 'boom'...
Or David sees the boom as a boon... But I am not clear what is meant here -
should we be aiming to get a slice of this lucrative industry, or should be
we trying to get the family historians to work for US?

Paddy


-----Original Message-----
From: Kerby Miller
MillerK[at]missouri.edu
Cc: Sean Kane
Subject: Re: HELP!!!!!!

Could Peter Hart, Patrick Maume, or others on the List please help Mr. Kane
identify sources that may help him locate the information he seeks?

Many thanks,

Kerby Miller

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For information and comment...

P.O'S.


-----Original Message-----
This has become my Standard Reply to the many Family History/Genealogy
queries that we receive...

We are a small research unit, living from project to project. Indeed much
of what we do is supported by my own freelance writing and research. We do
try to support Irish Diaspora scholars throughout the world, and we do quite
well there.

But we do not have the resources to become involved in very fine detail of
family history and genealogical enquiries. Family history is a very
time-consuming and expensive process. Generally we find that the dedicated
family historian is far better at it than we are, and knows far more about
the detailed archive work required.

If I am forced to give advice I suggest that the family historian with full
web access look at Genuki and Rootsweb...

Genuki
http://www.genuki.org.uk/

Rootsweb
http://www.rootsweb.com/

Both sites are full of advice, information and contact points. Genuki tends
to be more useful as regards emigration from the British Isles, including
Ireland and England.

I guess you know all this already.

You can often find someone who is already interested in the families or the
areas that interest you, and you can share notes, or you come across a
useful family history society.

I am sorry I cannot be more helpful.

I should put something on our web sites about all this. But I'm not sure
what to say, quite. Because I do like to keep track of what is happening in
Family History, as a part of the study of the Irish Diaspora. So, Irish
Diaspora Studies does NOT equal Family History. But Irish Diaspora Studies
is interested in the activities of Family Historians.

Patrick O'Sullivan


--
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan Email Patrick
O'Sullivan Personal Fax 0044 (0) 709 236 9050

Irish-Diaspora list Irish Diaspora Studies
http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/
Irish Diaspora Net Archive http://www.irishdiaspora.net

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Social Sciences and Humanities University of Bradford Bradford
BD7 1DP Yorkshire England

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From: Joan Allen
Joan.Allen[at]newcastle.ac.uk]
Subject: RE: [IR-D] Journals, Irish Studies and Diaspora Studies 3

When was the Pilot first published?

________________________________

From: "William Mulligan Jr."
To:
Subject: RE: Southern Cross

Guillermo MacLoughlin's post on the Southern Cross raises a question.

He refers to it as the oldest Irish newspaper of the Diaspora. It certainly
has been published for a long time, but as I do the math The Pilot, now the
official paper of the archdiocese of Boston, would appear to be older. The
Pilot certainly has an important place in the Diaspora as well. Does its
status as a diocesan paper change its status? I don't know if it is worth
debating what is the "first" newspaper of the Diaspora - although it might
be worth discussing what constitutes a Diaspora publication and when and how
they began in different areas of the Diaspora.

Bill Mulligan

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Irish on US TV 2
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Email Patrick O'Sullivan

I do recall some mentions of the Irish in the Wagon Train series... And,
indeed, a search of the web site turned up a number, including this one...

Liam Fitzmorgan Story
(ep. #2.5)
10/28/1958
Ordered by Ireland's Freedom Fighters to find the traitor who caused the
execution of several of their followers, Liam joins the train. A group of
Irish settlers already with the train become very distrustful of him.

Cliff Robertson as Liam Fitzmorgan
Audrey Dalton as Laura Grady
Rhys Williams as James Grady
David Leland, as Michael Dermoth
Terrence De Marney, Sean Meany, Michael Rye

There was in this a sort of shorthand version of Irish political violence,
or terrorism, with wise advice from Robert Horton...

Also noted
Jose Maria Moran Story
(ep. #2.34)
5/27/1959

Brian Conlin Story
(ep. #8.6)
10/25/1964
5/30/1965 (rerun)

There might be more...
http://www.fiftiesweb.com/wt/wagon-train-ep.htm

Paddy

-----Original Message-----
From: "William Mulligan Jr."
To:
Subject: Irish Miners on US TV in 1971

While doing some web surfing for references to Irish miners, I came across
this description of an episode of an old US television western. I wonder how
many old TV shows are out there that dealt with the Diaspora in some way.
Now to track down a 30-plus year old TV show.

http://www.thehighchaparral.com/ep243.htm

Bill Mulligan

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Subject: Journals, Irish Studies and Diaspora Studies 5
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From: P.Maume[at]Queens-Belfast.AC.UK
Subject: Re: [IR-D] Journals, Irish Studies and Diaspora Studies 4

From: Patrick Maume
According to this local history website (dealing with its founder, the
publisher Patrick Donahoe) the PILOT was founded in
1836 and has appeared consistently ever since. Even if its takeover by the
Boston archdiocese in 1876 counts as a second founding, that still makes it
older than the SOUTHERN CROSS.
http://www.cornafean.com/Patrick%20Donahoe.htm
Best wishes,
Patrick


> From: Joan Allen
> Joan.Allen[at]newcastle.ac.uk]
> Subject: RE: [IR-D] Journals, Irish Studies and Diaspora Studies 3
>
> When was the Pilot first published?
>
>