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From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Ethnicity & Education: The Evidence on Minority Ethnic Pupils
DfES Research Topic Paper, England
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Ethnicity & Education: The Evidence on Minority Ethnic Pupils DfES =
Research
Topic Paper (RTP01-05) published January 2005.

This Report might be of interest. It reports on the situation in =
England as
regards the 17% of the maintained school population defined as belonging =
to
a minority ethnic group. Occasionally UK wide figures are included - =
though
it is not clear if the 'UK' here includes Northern Ireland. The Report
makes use of material from the 2001 census, plus the Pupil Level Annual
School Census of 2003 - which collected material on 'Irish', =
'Gypsy/Roma'
and 'Travellers of Irish Heritage'.

The Report thus makes a distinction between 'Irish' children - who, on =
the
whole, seem to do quite well - and 'Travellers of Irish Heritage' - who =
are
often flagged up as a cause for concern.

However, it is not really clear what is meant by 'Irish' - the numbers =
are
small. Looking at the sources of the figures I think it must mean some =
sort
of self-identification. But it might mean simply 'born in Ireland'.

Other kinds of travellers, the circus and fairground families for =
example,
do not seem to be included here.

A summary of the Reports findings as regards Gypsy/Roma and Travellers =
of
Irish Heritage pupils has kindly been provided by David Cannon, Chair of
Advisory Council for the Education of Romany and other Travellers =
(ACERT).

I have pasted in, below, the web link and David Cannon's Summary.

Some people have reported problems in accessing this Report - do note =
that
the link takes you straight to a quite large pdf file

P.O'S.

-----Original Message-----
From David Cannon....

http://www.dfes.gov.uk/research/data/uploadfiles/RTP01-05.pdf

The link above will take you to a DfES Research Paper published last =
month,
which I hope is of interest.

I hope my summary below is helpful;

Ethnicity & Education: The Evidence on Minority Ethnic Pupils DfES =
Research
Topic Paper (RTP01-05) published January 2005.

This Research Paper includes evidence about Gypsy/Roma and Travellers of
Irish Heritage pupils.

It acknowledges; "The figures for the two Traveller groups, Gypsy/Roma =
and
Travellers of Irish Heritage, are probably the least reliable." (page 3)

"Over half of pupils recorded as Traveller of Irish Heritage and =
Gypsy/Roma
are eligible for free school meals compared to 16 percent of all =
pupils."
This is the highest of any ethnic group. (page 6)

The Foundation Stage Profile consists of Early Learning Goals; "...the
lowest performing are Travellers of Irish Heritage and Gypsy/Roma =
children."
(page 8)

The research acknowledges; "The figures for the two Traveller groups,
Gypsy/Roma and Travellers of Irish heritage, are probably the least
reliable." (page 3)

"Both Gypsy/Traveller groups have extremely low attainment. Although it =
is
estimated that many children from these groups are not recorded in the
Annual School Census, are not present during key stage assessments =
and/or do
not continue in education up till Key Stage 4, for those that have a
recorded result, attainment is very low:
* At Key Stage 1, 28 percent of Travellers of Irish Heritage
and 42 percent of Gypsy/Roma pupils achieved Level 2 or above in Reading
compared to 84 percent of all pupils.
* At Key Stage 4, 42 percent of Travellers of Irish Heritage
and 23 percent of Gypsy/Roma pupils achieved 5+ A*-C GCSE/GNVQs compared =
to
51 percent of all pupils." (page 9)

Table 2 shows a widening attainment gap for Gypsy/Roma and Travellers of
Irish Heritage. (page 12)

The research acknowledges there is no national data on school attendance =
by
ethnicity. (page 17)

"Travellers of Irish Heritage were the ethnic group most likely to be
permanently excluded in 2002/03. Though actual numbers were small, their
rate of exclusion was nearly four times that of overall rates." Gypsy =
Roma
were third most likely; 0.01 point below Black Caribbean pupils. (page =
19)

The research shows differences in SEN identification; "...Traveller =
groups
more likely to have identified SEN...Gypsy/Roma, Travellers of Irish
Heritage and Pakistani pupils being more likely to be attending a =
special
school..." (page 21 & 22)

"Travellers of Irish Heritage and Gypsy/Roma pupils are more likely to =
be
over-represented in nearly all SEN types." (page 24)

The research quotes Parsons et al. who analysed schools' compliance with =
the
Race Relations Amendment Act. "A number of factors were identified that
could help support fulfilment of the schools' race equality duties:
* Public commitment through regular review of policies.
* Training for curriculum content for a multi-ethnic society;
for classroom management; specifically for governors on their role in
relation to minority ethnic issues and exclusions.
* Specific projects such as mentoring, counselling, youth work
and preventative initiatives for vulnerable groups.
* Constructive links with minority ethnic community
organisations." (page 20)

Copies of the Research Paper are available free of charge from:

DfES Publications, PO Box 5050, Sherwood Park, Annesley, Nottingham NG15
0DJ. Tel: 0845 6022260

Best wishes, Dave Cannon.

Chair of Advisory Council for the Education of Romany and other =
Travellers
(ACERT)

To join, please send =A315 to ACERT c/o Moot House The Stow Harlow Essex =
CM20
3AG

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Subject: Article, the Angelus broadcast in the Republic
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=09
=09

publication
Media Culture and Society
Email Patrick O'Sullivan

For information...

P.O'S.


ISSN
0163-4437

publisher
SAGE Publications

year - volume - issue - page
2005 - 27 - 2 - 271

pages
271


article

Angels, bells, television and Ireland: the place of the Angelus =
broadcast in
the Republic

Cormack, Patricia

table of content - full text

abstract

This article examines Ireland's Radio Telef=EDs =C9ireann (RTE) Angelus
broadcast - a one-minute, televised observance of prayer. Two critical
tensions are identified in the broadcast. First, while the RTE Angelus
apparently portrays modern, everyday people in the Irish Republic =
pausing to
attend to the sound of the Angelus bell, in fact it relies on =
pre-modern,
mythic versions of community and association, themes generated earlier =
in
the 20th century to legitimize the new Republic. Second, the medium of
television structures time and space in a way that does not support such
traditional and romantic themes. This contradiction between televised
content and form is a typical problem faced by nation-states in that the
electronic media used to promote nationalistic sentiment often undermine =
the
traditional themes offered up.

keyword(s)

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For information...

P.O'S.


National Identities
Publisher: Carfax Publishing Company, part of the Taylor & Francis Group
Issue: Volume 6, Number 3 / 2004
Pages: 203 - 213

Homicide and 'Englishness': Criminal Justice and National Identity in
Victorian England

MARTIN J. WIENER A1

A1 Rice University USA

Abstract:

One venue for the formation of national identity that has received
comparatively little attention in recent years, is that of the courtroom. In
particular, the treatment of serious crimes in Victorian England involved a
good deal of reference to notions of Englishness. In the course of their
routine work, Victorian criminal courts promulgated particular and generally
coherent views as to how 'an Englishman', as opposed to a foreigner, was
expected to behave. This article examines how the judicial treatment of
three types of nineteenth-century violence - the duel, knife-fighting and
the killing of an adulterous spouse or his or her lover - contributed to
reshaping the contours of male English national identity.

Keywords:

criminal justice, Victorian England, duelling, adultery, Englishness

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This seemed worth sharing, since the issues have come up in IR-D discussion.

P.O'S.


Journal of Social Issues
Volume 57 Issue 3 Page 413 - Fall 2001
doi:10.1111/0022-4537.00221


Responses to Immigrants and Immigration among Members of the Receiving
Society
The Psychological Ambiguity of Immigration and Its Implications for
Promoting Immigration Policy

Felicia Pratto & Anthony F. Lemieux

Immigration can evoke two recurring and contradictory social psychology
situations: group inclusion and group threat. This ambiguity implies that
immigration can bring out either people's communal, egalitarian natures, or
their prejudicial, oppressive natures. Further, it means that immigration
policies can be framed in ways that appeal to one psychological orientation
or the other. Using this perspective, we examined Californians' attitudes
toward a fictitious immigration policy. The policy was framed in one of two
ways, and participants' values concerning group equality versus group
dominance were measured. Results showed that framing the policy as a way of
maintaining dominance over immigrants appealed to those high in social
dominance orientation, whereas framing the policy as a way of increasing
equality between immigrants and members of the receiving society appealed to
those low on social dominance orientation. The practical political aspects
of promoting immigration policy are discussed.

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From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Questionnaire,
Project to digitise British newspapers published between 1800 and
1900
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Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Our attention has been drawn to this project...

Web sites and some paragraphs pasted in below...

You can influence events by filling in a questionnaire - and you might win a
prize...

I do note that Northern Ireland is mentioned in the Mission Statement - see
below. I suppose we could query the reasons for excluding the united
Ireland that was then part of the United Kingdom?

P.O'S.


Help us steer the selection of 19th Century British Newspapers for delivery
to UK Further and Higher Education

http://www.jisc.ac.uk/index.cfm?name=form&formid=449045718

Fill in the questionnaire now

Introduction

'The JISC is funding a project to digitise 2 million pages of British
newspapers published between 1800 and 1900, with the aim of opening up this
unparalleled resource for research, study and teaching in modern history to
the further and higher education communities. JISC is working in partnership
with the British Library to accomplish this aim.

The newspapers to be digitised will be selected from the British Library
Newspapers collection held at Colindale; once digitised, the aim will be for
the full text of the 2 million pages to be searchable and readable via a
'free' online interface (software currently under development).

The project is directed by a Project Board and advised by an Academic User
Panel, but in order to survey the user communities as widely as possible the
Project Board is now requesting input from scholars and teachers as they
begin to select exactly which titles are to be included in the project.
Below you will find a list of titles selected by the Project Board and
Academic User Panel from which the final selection will be made. The total
run of nineteenth-century newspapers amounts to hundreds of millions of
pages; even a single title running only about half of the century, such as
the Morning Chronicle, can amount to 100,000 pages. Nevertheless, in
conjunction with titles already digitised commercially (e.g. The Times), a
selection of national and regional titles ought to provide not only 2
million new pages of searchable on-line text but also a kind of virtual
index to other papers which can then be searched more efficiently in
originals at Colindale and elsewhere...'

See also...
http://www.bl.uk/collections/britishnewspapers1800to1900.html

Mission

'The project will unlock hidden resources for the study of the nineteenth
century and the Victorian period, seen through the pages of the British
Library's extensive holdings of national, regional and local newspapers. The
content will focus on London national newspapers, English regional
newspapers, home country newspapers from Scotland, Wales and Northern
Ireland, and titles in specialist areas such as Victorian radicalism and
chartism...'

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On a train of thought...

I wonder if there is any way to encourage a formal Republic of Ireland
involvement in this project...

The British Library holds good runs of something like 500 Irish newspaper
titles - mostly from the nineteenth century.

That's where they are, and that's where we must go to see them...

P.O'S.

-----Original Message-----
Subject: [IR-D] Questionnaire, Project to digitise British newspapers
published between 1800 and 1900

Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Our attention has been drawn to this project...

Web sites and some paragraphs pasted in below...

You can influence events by filling in a questionnaire - and you might win a
prize...

I do note that Northern Ireland is mentioned in the Mission Statement - see
below. I suppose we could query the reasons for excluding the united
Ireland that was then part of the United Kingdom?

P.O'S.

Help us steer the selection of 19th Century British Newspapers for delivery
to UK Further and Higher Education

http://www.jisc.ac.uk/index.cfm?name=form&formid=449045718

Fill in the questionnaire now

See also...
http://www.bl.uk/collections/britishnewspapers1800to1900.html

Mission

'The project will unlock hidden resources for the study of the nineteenth
century and the Victorian period, seen through the pages of the British
Library's extensive holdings of national, regional and local newspapers. The
content will focus on London national newspapers, English regional
newspapers, home country newspapers from Scotland, Wales and Northern
Ireland, and titles in specialist areas such as Victorian radicalism and
chartism...'

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From: Kerby Miller
MillerK[at]missouri.edu
Subject: Re: [IR-D] Project to digitise British newspapers 2

I agree. From an "Irish" historians' point of view, it makes little sense
to distinguish between a 19th-century newspaper published in, say,
Enniskillen, and another published in Cavan or Ballyshannon, especially on
the basis of something that took place perhaps 75-100 years after the
newspaper issues in which we're interested were published. (Indeed, a
number of years ago I went to Collindale to do more-or-less precisely that,
to research an early 19th-century series of "Irish" events that post-1920
would be termed "cross-border.")

But the current plan does reify and fortify that post-1920 "something," and
perhaps that's the basic assumption or essential paradigm at work here.

KM



>Email Patrick O'Sullivan
>
>On a train of thought...
>
>I wonder if there is any way to encourage a formal Republic of Ireland
>involvement in this project...
>
>The British Library holds good runs of something like 500 Irish
>newspaper titles - mostly from the nineteenth century.
>
>That's where they are, and that's where we must go to see them...
>
>P.O'S.
>

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From: Peter Hart
phart[at]mun.ca
Subject: Re: [IR-D] Project to digitise British newspapers 2


And it must be noted that the newspaper library at Colindale is the worst
archive/library in the U.K. or Ireland. Terrible, terrible service and
location. Any alternative would be gratefully received.

Peter Hart

>Email Patrick O'Sullivan
>
>On a train of thought...
>
>I wonder if there is any way to encourage a formal Republic of Ireland
>involvement in this project...
>
>The British Library holds good runs of something like 500 Irish
>newspaper titles - mostly from the nineteenth century.
>
>That's where they are, and that's where we must go to see them...
>
>P.O'S.
>

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Subject: Project to digitise British newspapers 5 - in defence of Colindale
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From: Donald MacRaild
Donald.MacRaild[at]vuw.ac.nz
Subject: [IR-D] Project to digitise British newspapers - in defence of
Colindale

Whilst I can't disagree with Peter Hart on Colindale's location and service
(it compares unfavourably to the Turnbull Library in Wellington, NZ, as a
place to work), it is also a remarkable holding due to its compactness and
range. The setting is poor, but the holding is unparalleled, is it not?

Don MacRaild


-----Original Message-----
From: Peter Hart
phart[at]mun.ca
Subject: Re: [IR-D] Project to digitise British newspapers 2


And it must be noted that the newspaper library at Colindale is the worst
archive/library in the U.K. or Ireland. Terrible, terrible service and
location. Any alternative would be gratefully received.

Peter Hart

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=20
From: Joan Allen
Joan.Allen[at]newcastle.ac.uk
Subject: RE: [IR-D] Project to digitise British newspapers 2

Yes Paddy
I think we should encourage this-
I have just paid =A3187 for one reel on microfilm...=20

>-----Original Message-----
>Subject: [IR-D] Project to digitise British newspapers 2
>
>Email Patrick O'Sullivan
>
>On a train of thought...
>
>I wonder if there is any way to encourage a formal Republic of Ireland=20
>involvement in this project...
>
>The British Library holds good runs of something like 500 Irish=20
>newspaper titles - mostly from the nineteenth century.
>
>That's where they are, and that's where we must go to see them...
>
>P.O'S.
>

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=20

From: Siobhan Maguire=20
siobhanmaguire[at]msn.com
Subject: RE: [IR-D] Project to digitise British newspapers 5 - in =
defence of
Colindale



I must admit that a lot of the staff are unhelpful, but not all. It is
always worthwhile contacting them, by phone or fax, the day before and
placing an order for your papers. This means that you don't have the
interminable wait when you first arrive.

Siobh=E1n


>Subject: [IR-D] Project to digitise British newspapers 5 - in defence =
of
Colindale=20
>Date: Thu, 3 Mar 2005 23:13:19 -0000=20
>=20
>From: Donald MacRaild=20
>Donald.MacRaild[at]vuw.ac.nz=20
>Subject: [IR-D] Project to digitise British newspapers - in defence of=20
>Colindale=20
>=20
>Whilst I can't disagree with Peter Hart on Colindale's location and =
service

>(it compares unfavourably to the Turnbull Library in Wellington, NZ, as =
a=20
>place to work), it is also a remarkable holding due to its compactness =
and

>range. The setting is poor, but the holding is unparalleled, is it not? =

>=20
>Don MacRaild=20

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Subject: =?us-ascii?Q?Book_Review=2C_Regan_ed.=2C_IRISH_WRITING:_AN_ANTHOLOGY_OF_I?=
=?us-ascii?Q?RISH_LITERATURE_IN_ENGLISH_1789_-_1939?=
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Alison Younger has kindly made this book review available to the Irish
Diaspora list. The review was originally written for the Times Higher
Education Supplement.

P.O'S.

________________________________

From: Alison Younger
alison_younger[at]yahoo.co.uk
Subject: Re: [IR-D] Project to digitise British newspapers 6


Review of:
IRISH WRITING: AN ANTHOLOGY OF IRISH LITERATURE IN ENGLISH 1789 - 1939,
(ed.) Stephen Regan
Oxford University Press - 2004
ISBN-0-19-284038-X

In the wake of reviews of reviews of the Field Day Anthology of Irish
Literature Francis Mulhern reflected in his 1993 essay, "A Nation, Yet
Again" that "[a]nthologies are strategic weapons in literary politics" and
that the selection of texts within anthologies of Irish Literature "play
more or less telling parts in a theatre of shifting alliances and
antagonisms". Eilean Ni Chuilleanain's opposition to Seamus Deane's
suggestion for "a comprehensive anthology" stressed the exclusivity and
false inclusivity of all anthologies. In response to criticisms that the
Field Day Anthology of Irish Literature was an exercise in misogynistic
canon building within the parameters of a valorised and indivisible nation,
Seamus Deane retorted by emphasising the necessarily incomplete nature of
any anthology, and explaining that he and his fellow editors were attempting
nonetheless 'to re-present a series of representations concerning the island
of Ireland' over fifteen hundred years.

Quoting from W.B Yeats, ' The seas of literature are full of
the wrecks of Irish Anthologies' Stephen Regan displays a similar awareness
to that of Deane's. The introduction to this compendious text displays
certain knowledge that the selection process involved in the production of
an 'Irish' anthology will not please everyone and, further, that the choice
of material could alienate, possibly even anger, some readers due to the
political connotations of terms such as 'Ireland' and 'Irishness'. As he
argues 'Anthologies are suspect because they are, by their very nature, part
of a tradition-making process and tradition is often invoked as a way of
defining and declaring identity. Anthologies can, of course, also
acknowledge diversity and plurality'. This one does: wholly deserving
comments such as that offered by P.J Matthews (Irish Times) - 'a lucid and
informative introduction...the extracts are cleverly chosen' - and Paul
Muldoon's accolade that 'Stephen Regan's anthology vividly and valiantly
presents a nation, and a national literature, coming into being.'

The self-awareness of the editorial comment in this volume does
much to pre-empt and mitigate criticisms that the selection of texts could
activate, canonise and circulate an imagined national culture. Acknowledging
that many of the selected writings 'are overtly nationalistic' due to the
'historical circumstances of their composition' Regan foregrounds the fact
that the anthology follows a chronological rather than ideological order,
(the point being, of course that in this context the two cannot be
separated) this text includes an unparalleled range of writing, including
essays, political speeches, biographical information and memoirs, fiction,
poems, plays, and stories, some in their entirety and many of which are
difficult to obtain elsewhere; in order to tell its meticulous and lucid
panoptical 'story' of Irish literature and culture surrounded by an
editorial register that is academic, insightful, engaged, engaging and
extremely readable.

In a review of Regan's Anthology in the Irish Democrat, Shayla
Warmsley suggests, with remarkable perspicacity, that 'Perhaps because he
has chosen the 150 years from the late-18th century to the Irish Free State,
Regan's emphasis is often on fighting words. And of those, you can be sure,
there are many'. This is hardly surprising as the period covered spans a
revolutionary era from the struggle for political independence, to the
waning of the Celtic Revival; necessarily including the powerful nationalist
polemic of Wolfe Tone and Daniel O'Connell; Robert Emmet's impassioned
'Speech from the Dock' and Yeats's lyrical invocations of nationhood. As
Regan himself argues, 'It [the anthology] spans 150 years of modern European
history, from the French Revolution, which impacted so powerfully on Irish
nationalist aspirations, to the outbreak of the Second World War, in which
the newly independent Irish Free State maintained its neutrality. In that
traumatic century and a half, the struggle for political independence
inspired patriotic speeches, songs, and stories, and these in turn gave
fresh inspiration to new generations of nationalist writers and activists.
The voices of Wolfe Tone and Robert Emmet are heard in the uproar of Easter
1916 and later'.

In a discursive academic field characterised by 'posts' and 'isms'
Regan's editorial style in this fascinatingly diverse anthology is
refreshingly candid and enviably well-informed, providing invaluable
bibliographic and biographical information, meticulously researched
footnotes and fair-minded guidance on cultural, historical, and political
issues along with a very useful chronology of key events in Irish history.

Thematically it covers issues essential to the student of Irish
Literature and culture, including nationalism, imperialism, revolution,
politics, linguistic dispossession, supernaturalism and the Sublime.

Generically its scope is impressive, covering Burkean philosophy,
popular songs and ballads, Irish Gothic from Edgeworth to Stoker, Wildean
wit and the fin de siecle, Yeatsian lyricism and Joycean linguistic
experimentation. Lest I forget, in response to Shaylagh Warmsley's criticism
that 'Beckett - Samuel, of Godot fame - gets a single, meagre extract', it
also includes Beckettian anti-realism in 'From Murphy': (note to Shaylagh
Warmsley, re; meagre extracts, 'Beckett - Samuel, of Godot fame' is also
Beckett - Samuel, of 'Breath' fame, a play remarkably meagre in dialogue!).

Regan's purpose is 'to encourage readers to discover for
themselves the strange and unexpected ways in which works of literature
engage with their times'. It is easy to endorse this claim. The scope, the
detail and the precision of this anthology should ensure that readers do
exactly that! It is a stimulating and valuable contribution to the field of
Irish Studies scholarship that provides thought-provoking reading, concise
critical evaluation, exacting scholarly research and valuable bibliographic
information. This book should be welcomed and will certainly be cited in
subsequent works in and on Irish Studies. If it is not, it should be; its
strengths lying not least in the close attention to and careful selection of
exemplary Irish texts that capture the specific zeitgeist of successive
epochs, providing the reader with novel insights and opening up channels for
further debate.

The seas of literature may well be full of the wrecks of Irish
Anthologies. This one is watertight from bow to stern: a watertight
investment for the student of Irish literature and culture.

Dr Alison Younger


Alison O'Malley-Younger [Dr]
Department of English
University of Sunderland

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From: Patrick O'Sullivan
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From: "William Mulligan Jr."
To:
Subject: The Scotsman Digital Archive


I came across The Scotsman digital archive -- currently 1817-1930.
Should be of interest to those working on Irish in Scotland and others.
I don't use this type of data base enough to know how price compares to
others, but seems reasonable.

http://archive.scotsman.com/Default/Skins/TSPLa/Client.asp?skin=TSPLa&daily=
TSC&enter=true&AppName=2&GZ=T&FromWelcome=False&AW=1110127864877

Bill Mulligan

William H. Mulligan, Jr., Ph.D.
Professor of History
Murray State University
Murray KY 42071-3341 USA

(Moderator's Note: I have brought to the attention of the Scotsman
webmaster the ways in which this web address resolves itself. Even the
obvious archive.scotsman.com sems to collect a lot of stuff.
P.O'S.)

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Subject: Web Article, The Afro-Irish-Zionist Alliance
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Email Patrick O'Sullivan

This Article by George Bornstein from the The Times Literary Supplement is
currently freely available on the web - it is one of the TLS free samples.
It will certainly be of interest to the IR-D list. Not least because it
seems that Bornstein and I have both been reading George Eliot, Theophrastus
Such - and we quote the same sentences (see my earlier IR-D message on
Such...)

George Bornstein begins with the visit to Ireland of Frederick Douglass, and
then quickly surveys Afro-Irish-Zionist intertwinings.

You have to tweak a little bit to get the full text of the TLS version - as
is often the case it is easiest to go into the 'Printer Friendly' version
and then Copy & Paste.

There is a note at the end: 'This article is an edited version of a longer
piece that will appear in Modernism / Modernity later this year.'

P.O'S.


The Afro-Irish-Zionist Alliance
George Bornstein
02 March 2005

Full story displayed

http://www.the-tls.co.uk/this_week/story.aspx?story_id=2110120


Opening paragraphs...

'Whether in the Black-Irish tension of the movie Gangs of New York, the
poetry of Amiri Baraka, libelling Jews as absent from the World Trade Center
on September 11, or the tendency of the Irish Republican Army to align
itself with the Palestine Liberation Organization, the images of the past
few years feature antagonism between separate groups. This differs markedly
from the way that the groups themselves previously constructed such
relations.

Blacks, Jews and Irish regularly associated themselves with each other in a
positive sense to a much larger degree than we now suppose, while their
external critics lumped the groups together in a negative sense. Racist
pseudo-
scientists of the day regularly viewed all of them as inferior races, and
would jump from one to the other often on the same page or even in the same
paragraph. Correspondingly, Black Nationalist thinkers liked to invoke the
Zionist movement as a positive model for Africans or African-Americans, and
leading Zionists paid tribute to the leaders and strategists of Irish
nationalism...'

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I have brought to the attention of the Editors of Irish Studies Review our
discussion of vague, imprecise, gnomic article titles - and the little use
they are to the potential reader.

Neil Sammells says...

Noted!

And thanks us, and especially Kerby Miller, for drawing the matter to his
attention.

P.O'S.


--
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

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Irish Diaspora Research Unit
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England

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From: MacEinri, Piaras
p.maceinri[at]ucc.ie
Subject: The new Ireland?

=09
Hello Paddy and friends

A little sardonic and slightly over the top... But yes, things have =
changed...

The source is _An Irishman's Diary_ in today's Irish Times.

Piaras

An Irishman's Diary
Michael Parsons =09
=09
For "The Irish Abroad", formerly known as emigrants, March can be the =
cruellest month.

The calendar beckons reproachfully: "Come back to Erin, mavourneen!" So =
you log on, book a flight and do. You've heard that the old country has =
been transformed but confidently believe you are prepared. After all, =
thanks to the wonder of the internet you can now read The Irish Times in =
Sydney or tune in to Joe Duffy in Boston.

And, really, things can't have changed that much, can they? Fianna =
F=C3=A1il is still in power and the President is called Mary. You know =
about the smoking ban, the Luas, the ban on plastic bags, Cecelia being =
the new Jane Austen, Brian Kerr doing well, Westlife splitting, Croke =
Park's makeover, Bewley's closing and peace, at last, in Northern =
Ireland. "Did you ever think you'd live to see the day?"

And, yes, you did hear about the Economist survey that claimed Ireland =
was the best place to live in the whole world. But you have a busy life =
in Brussels, Moscow or Paris and can't keep up with all the news, so =
there are some things which inevitably slip through the net.

On the plane, your daydream is rudely interrupted when they charge you =
for a cup of tea. The in-flight shopping guide advertises - alongside =
Est=C3=A9e Lauder and Givenchy - Inis, an "exciting Irish cologne for =
women and men. A sea change for all of us". It certainly is. You are =
about to discover plenty more.

Outside the airport, an electronic panel on the bus shelter lists =
destinations in English and various continental languages. No sign of =
our native tongue. Achtung! Schnell! The number 748 is about to abfahrt =
for the Bahnhof Heuston.

Gott in Himmell! A fiver for a bus journey. Hasn't CIE put its prices =
up? As you travel round the country you find they're not the only ones - =
and you begin to realise that you are not as au fait with the new =
Ireland as you thought. Who is Hector? Why are there so many =
roundabouts? What is Ronan Keating's view on the EU Constitution? How =
many Cartier watches? Is Ryan Tubridy great? Which jail did you say he =
was gone to? Are Cork's bin charges really so high to justify burning =
rubbish in back gardens? And how come, after all the money spent down =
through the years, are there now almost as many people speaking Chinese =
as Irish?

A newspaper ad for "Kilkenny's No.1 Adult Shop" (how many are there?) =
offers a range of "DVDs, videos, mags, lingerie, hen & stag novelties". =
It may well be doing good business. The Durex Global Sex Survey suggests =
that peccadilloes once thought foreign are enjoyed with the enthusiasm =
once reserved for camogie and handball.In Gort, an estimated 600 people =
- over one third of the population - speak Portuguese as their first =
language. The manager of Duffy's Meat Plant in the town said the summer =
carnival was like "Dirty Dancing". You pencil in Co Galway for the =
holidays.

A Nigerian from Co Louth, crowned Mr Ireland at the national =
bodybuilding championships, represented the country at the Mr Universe =
competition in England. Does anyone know how he got on? Where's the =
lovely Sally O'Brien and the way she might look at you? Apparently she's =
long gone and replaced by Miroslava, from the Czech Republic, who works =
in a call centre. Her Latvian boyfriend, Andrejs, is a farm-manager in =
Meath and up to his eyes in the local GAA club.

One pub's Friday evening ballad sessions in aid of the hurling club have =
been replaced by pole-dancing nights for the soccer team. And poor =
granny's bridge group lost their Tuesday slot at the vocational school =
to Irish Cookery classes for the asylum-seekers run by Fr Sweeney's =
former housekeeper.

Dining al fresco is all the rage. Has the weather really changed so =
much?
Fancy a bit of lunch? Something traditional would be grand. The dish of =
the day is "pan-fried sea bass with gently saut=C3=A9ed girolles on a =
fennel mash". A review of a Co Carlow restaurant complains that the =
presentation of main courses "let the side down a bit" by serving "crude =
boiled flowery spuds."
Whose "side", and didn't we used to like boiled potatoes? So you go for =
a drink instead. Sixteen Euro for two gins and tonic! You gasp as the =
woman beside you at the bar hands over a =E2=82=AC20 note and says, =
"Keep the change, Igor".

Everyone is so friendly and well-dressed. Look at the style! Louis =
Vuitton handbags! They're all planning shopping trips to New York as =
"the dollar is dirt cheap!", discussing their "pads" in Nice or Mijas =
and how "fabulous"
the sushi is at a new Japanese restaurant - and, getting tipsy now, how =
Wexford could be the "new Barcelona". And tax rates are so low and =
there's no unemployment and so many new hotels. And taxis. Everywhere. =
Even at night.

In the hotel lobby, an instrumental version of Hail Glorious St Patrick =
weeps from the PA system and brings a lump to your throat. You think =
wistfully of your street with no name in London, Milan or Helsinki.

"Right. That's it". You decide - on the spot - that it's time to come =
home for good. And tired of commuting on the Tube, Metro or U-Bahn you'd =
quite like somewhere convenient. You'd even settle for Dublin 6 - at a =
push. So you phone the nice man at Sherry Fitzgerald.

"Two-and-a-half million, did you say? For the two-bed? Hmm. I'd like to =
think about it". Lying down, preferably. Sorry, but the only Donny =
you'll get even close to will end in carney. And don't even think about =
Ringsend.
It's way out of your league.

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From: "William Mulligan Jr."
To:
Subject: Million Dollar Baby - Irish Connection


From the New York Times,


February 26, 2005
OP-ED CONTRIBUTOR
Fighting Words
By WES DAVIS

BEFORE the bell has sounded at the start of her first title fight in
Clint Eastwood's Oscar-nominated film "Million Dollar Baby," the
scrappy, big-hearted boxer Maggie Fitzgerald, played by Hilary Swank,
finds herself cheered into the ring by shouts of "Mo Cuishle," the Irish
Gaelic moniker she's been given by her manager, Frankie Dunn, played by
Mr. Eastwood.

The name is a shortened form of the phrase "A chuisle mo chro=ED," "O,
pulse of my heart," or as Frankie will put it more concisely, "My
darling." But Ms. Swank's character doesn't know that yet and neither do
we. All we know is that the words emblazoned - and some argue misspelled
- on the back of her robe are important to a lot of people.

Apparently they still are. After seeing the movie, I overheard whispered
conversations about "Mo Cuishle." A few of the moviegoers confessed that
they hadn't even known there was an Irish language apart from English,
but they were captivated by the sound of it. In the last few weeks some
queries about the phrase have arisen on the Internet, and students of
the language are coming out of the woodwork. Around Valentine's Day, in
particular, many Web surfers were frantic to learn how to address their
darlings in Irish.

That sort of popular reaction makes sense. In the shorthand of the film,
the Irish, scattered by hardship in their home country but strangely
united by the trials that threw them apart, stand for a culture of
underdogs, and the language that was once the common idiom in Ireland
becomes the watchword of the movie's romantic idea of the hero.

As Maggie's boxing career builds to its climax, Mr. Eastwood hinges the
movie's emotional peaks on the longing held in the Irish language. The
most moving of these moments occurs when Mr. Eastwood's character
finally reveals the meaning of "Mo Cuishle," and when he translates W.
B. Yeats's "Lake Isle of Innisfree" from the little Irish-language book
he carries like a talisman throughout the movie.

An achingly beautiful poem, "Lake Isle" expresses a yearning for escape
that fits perfectly with the movie's hope that it may be possible to
build a new life. For Yeats, the fantasy retreat is a rustic cabin in a
"bee-loud glade." In the movie, it's the "little place in the cedars,
somewhere between nowhere and goodbye," imagined by the character played
by Morgan Freeman.

Yeats's poem also reflects on the more rugged emotional landscape the
film exposes. In "Lake Isle," as in "Million Dollar Baby," the dream of
escape finally slams against the hard facts of real life. The dream can
survive, as Yeats puts it, only "in the deep heart's core." In the
movie, the dream is mined by Mr. Eastwood's character when he labors to
translate the poem from the Gaelic for Maggie. It feels as if he's
extracting a gift of hope for her out of the bedrock of Ireland's nearly
forgotten language.

There's just one hitch: Yeats didn't write his poems in Irish. He didn't
even know the language well enough to read it.

On the whole, Yeats was less than rigorous in the way he represented his
own linguistic abilities. He was never fluent in French, for example,
but he talked breezily about the latest French book once his friends had
read it to him. Having once made a stab at memorizing the Hebrew
alphabet, he would later lament having forgotten his Hebrew. But about
Irish he was completely clear. He tried to learn it, and he failed.

The language issue was a vexed one for Yeats. Like many of his
countrymen, he was at times drawn to the image of Ireland as a nation
speaking its own language. He actively promoted dramatic performances in
Irish.

But he knew that much of Ireland's literary life, and even more of its
practical business, had been carried on in English for over a century.
When Yeats was serving in the Senate of the newly independent Irish Free
State in 1923, he spoke against a proposal that the prayer at the start
of every session be delivered in Irish as well as English. He protested
that the Irish prayer was "a childish performance," since, like him,
most of the senators didn't know the language and were unlikely to learn
it.

Later, when the Senate was considering a proposal to add Irish to the
country's traffic signs and railway notices, he argued against it on
similar grounds, fearing that forcing the language on people at a moment
when they just wanted information would hurt the efforts of groups like
the Gaelic League to preserve Irish and spread its use. In the same
session, though, he called for government support of scholarship on
Irish language and literature.

Strange as the idea would have seemed to him, Yeats almost certainly
would have supported the translation of his own poems into Irish. Such
translations do now exist, so it's not impossible to imagine Mr.
Eastwood's character wrestling an Irish translation back into the
original English.

But all of this is ultimately less important to the film than the effect
"Million Dollar Baby" achieves with its use of Irish. From a cinematic
point of view, Mr. Eastwood couldn't have done better than to adopt the
endangered language of a culture whose history has been as dramatic as
that of his characters. And the wonderful twist of the film's pretense
of translating "The Lake Isle of Innisfree" from the Irish is that it
seems to have done just what the Gaelic League and all those Senate
proposals, and even the contrary Yeats, ultimately wanted. It has
stirred up interest in the language itself.


Wes Davis, an assistant professor of English at Yale, is editing "The
Yale Anthology of Contemporary Irish Poetry."



Copyright 2005 The New York Times Company

William H. Mulligan, Jr., Ph.D.
Professor of History
Murray State University
Murray KY 42071-3341 USA

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From: P.Maume[at]Queens-Belfast.AC.UK
Subject: [IR-D] Article, the Angelus broadcast in the Republic

From: Patrick Maume
The article seems to be unaware that the "community" imagery (a series of
pictures of churches of different denominations,, people of various ages and
ethnicities pausing for reflection etc.) is actually a fairly recent
development. Up to the mid-nineties the Angelus broadcast showed a single
religious icon - usually a Madonna and child - they changed the picture
about once a year. The change suggests a move from viewing the Angelus
broadcast as a specifically religious devotion (where the focus is
"objective" on the object of worship) to a more generic pause for reflection
(where the focus is "subjective", on the individual act of reflection with
its content treated as secondary).
Best wishes,
Patrick

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From: "Maureen E Mulvihill"
Subject: Further to "Mo Cuishle"

There's a lovely arrangement of the classic Irish parlor song, "Macushla,"
in Neil Jordan's film, "Michael Collins."
(The film's music is available on CD.)

This is a classic tune from 1910, music by Dermot Macmurrough; lyric,
Josephine V. Rowe, and made famous (I take it) by Irish tenor, John
McCormack.

Frank Patterson, with The Cafe Orchestra, sings it in the Neil Jordan film.
Most of the film's score was composed by Elliott Goldenthal.

At the recent Oscar Awards Ceremony in Los Angeles, Clint Eastwood wore a
dark green bow tie -- his sartorial allusion to Ireland, one must assume.
(There's no missing the film's prominent Irish strain, of course; and it's
based on a short story by F X Toole, I believe.)

Cordial regards to all on the Irish Diaspora List,

Maureen E. Mulvihill
Princeton Research Forum
Princeton, New Jersey

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Turning Inside and Out: Translating and Irish 1950=962000

Author: Alan Titley 1

Source: The Yearbook of English Studies, 1 January 2005, vol. 35, no. 1, =
pp.
312-322(11)

Publisher: Modern Humanities Research Association


Abstract:
This essay examines the phenomenon of translation into Irish from 1950 =
until
the present day, and also touches on the less common practice of =
translation
from Irish. The state publishing venture which produced hundreds of
translated works in the 1920s and 1930s had changed its policy by 1950.
Since then, translation has been the work of interested individuals and =
has
been published by independent houses. In this period, several of the =
world's
classics have been rendered into Irish. The most noteworthy have been
translations of the Odyssey, The Divine Comedy and of Pascal's =
Pens=E9es.
There has also been a wealth of international poetry turned into Irish =
from
German, Dutch, Flemish, Spanish, Italian, Romanian, and many other
languages. Translation from Irish has also been dominated by poetry,
particularly by contemporary poets.

Keywords: Translation into Irish; translation from Irish

Document Type: Research article

Affiliations: 1: St Patrick's College, Dublin