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Apologies for the recent interruption of IR-D service...

Every now and again the Computer Centre at the University of Bradford
decides that I do not exist - because my name appears on neither the list of
students nor the staff list. And switches me off...

I thought I had it all sorted last week - but no... Then the weekend was a
bank holiday weekend, so no one could be contacted until Tuesday... Finally
got things back to normal this morning...

As far as IR-D is concerned there are, of course, ways round - this is one
of the reasons we moved to Jiscmail. I did not implement the ways round - I
didn't think it would be necessary... I didn't think things would take so
long...

Frustrating, but almost not worth the bother of getting annoyed... One
finds oneself using that interesting English word 'jobsworth' to describe
the people you have to talk to...

Paddy

--
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan Email Patrick
O'Sullivan Personal Fax 0044 (0) 709 236 9050

Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/
Irish Diaspora Net
http://www.irishdiaspora.net

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Social Sciences and Humanities University of Bradford Bradford
BD7 1DP Yorkshire England

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From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Workshop: Transnational Families: Emotions and Belonging, May,
Belfast
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Of interest... Many IR-D names and IR-D themes...

P.O'S.


Any queries please contact=A0 m.svasek[at]qub.ac.uk
=A0
=A0
Transnational Families: Emotions and Belonging
Thursday 11 and Friday 12 May
Medical Biology Centre, Belfast
=A0
Programme
=A0
Thursday 11 May=20
Location: Medical Biology Centre, LT2 (Lisburn Road)
=A0
9.30=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0=A0 Coffee=20
10.00 Welcome by David Hayton, Head of School
School of History and Anthropology, Queens University Belfast
10.10 - 10.30=A0 Maru=B9ka Sva=B9ek
School of History and Anthropology, Queens University Belfast
Introduction
10.30 - 11.15=A0=A0 Zlatko Skrbi=B9=A0=20
Department of Sociology, University of Queensland, Australia
Transnational Families: Theorizing migration, emotions and belonging
11.15- 12.00=A0 Loretta Baldassar
Department of Anthropology, University of West Australia
The Role of Return Visits in Transnational Caregiving
=A0
12.00 - 13.30 Lunch
=A0
13.30 - 14.15=A0 Anna Wanwah Lo
Chinese Welfare Association
Chinese migrants in Northern Ireland and Transnational Family Links
14.15 - 15.00 Patrick Fitzgerald
Centre for Migration Studies, Omagh=20
Exploring 'emotional triggers' of Irish emigrant letters: the evidence =
of
the Irish Emigration Database
=A0
15.00 - 15.30 Coffee
=A0
15.30 - 16.15 Margaret Littler
School of Languages, Linguistics and Cultures, University of Manchester
Intimacy and Affect in Turkish-German Writing
16.15 - 17.00 Humberto Gatica: poet
=A0
19.00 Dinner
=A0
Friday 12 May
Location:=A0 Room 302 PFC
=A0
9.00 - 9.45=A0 Sara Ahmed
Cultural Studies, Goldsmith College
Between Feelings: Migration and mixed-race families
9.45 - 10.30=A0 Louise Ryan, Middlesex University
Navigating the emotional terrain of families 'here' and 'there':
women, migration and motherhood.
=A0
10.30 - 11.15 Coffee
=A0
11.15- 12.00 Breda Gray
Women's Studies, University of Limerick
Making and remaking a transnational sense of home=20
12.00 - 12.45 Brian Lambkin,=20
Centre for Migration Studies, Omagh
'The Return of Thomas Mellon to County Tyrone in 1882: a case study in
transnational belonging=20
12.45 - 13.00 Final comments
=A0
13.00 - 14.00 Lunch
=A0

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From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article,
War of Words: Language Policy in Post Independence Kazakhstan
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This article will interest the language folk...

This article is freely available at
http://www.nobleworld.biz/pages/13/index.htm

P.O'S.


Title: War of Words: Language Policy in Post Independence Kazakhstan.
Author: Luke O'Callaghan.

Abstract: This paper focuses on the language policy of the Republic of
Kazakhstan in the era post-Independence to the modern day. The policy of
bi-lingualism with a state language and language of inter-ethnic
communication has been pursued since the break up of the Soviet Union in an
attempt to include Russified nationalities in the nation-building of
Kazakhstan. I compare Kazakhstan's policy with two other models of state
language policy, Ireland and Norway. Both Ireland and Norway have built up
their state or indigenous languages in their nation building process, but
the languages have lost out to the imported language of their former
occupants, English and Danish. Many experts in the field are predicting that
Russian will become the dominant language in Kazakhstan, but I hope to show
that while this may be possible, it may also be possible for Kazakh to
dominate given the right conditions. The impact of possible language
planning will also be examined and outlined. My research is based on the
findings of scholars such as Dave, Laitin, Brill Olcott, Kolstoe and Lanadau
in their published and private work. I will also draw heavily on census
figures of all three countries and show through social experiments how
census figures have distorted the reality of the state which national
languages find themselves in.

Journal: Nebula
Issn: 14497751
Year: 2004
Volume: 1
Issue: 3
Pages/rec. No.: 197-217

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Subject: Book Noticed, From Underdogs to Tigers
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From Underdogs to Tigers
The Rise and Growth of the Software Industry in Brazil, China, India,
Ireland, and Israel

Ashish Arora and Alfonso Gambardella

Oxford UP
Price: =A350.00 (Hardback)
ISBN-10: 0-19-927560-2
ISBN-13: 978-0-19-927560-1
Publication date: 3 March 2005
325 pages, numerous tables, graphs and 3 line drawings, 234mm x 156mm

Note, Chapter 5, Anita Sands: The Irish Software Industry

http://www.oup.co.uk/isbn/0-19-927560-2

The free sample at that web site is the very interesting Introduction by
Ashish Arora and Alfonso Gambardella

The particular successes are the 3 Is, India, Ireland, and Israel =96 =
where
diasporas, feedback through diasporas, and finance, are seen as =
important
factors.

There is a helpful review of this book...
Kapur, Sandeep. "Review, Ashish Arora and Alfonso Gambardella, From
Underdogs to Tigers: The Rise and Growth of the Software Industry in =
Brazil,
China, India, Ireland, and Israel.." The Economic Journal 116, no. 509
(2006): F156-F157.

P.O'S.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Symposium: MIGRATION AND THE STATE,
Raphael Samuel History Centre, London, June
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P.O'S.

-----Original Message-----

Subject: Symposium: MIGRATION AND THE STATE

MIGRATION AND THE STATE

A symposium organised by the Raphael Samuel History Centre, University of
East London

9 June 2006. 4:30 to 7 pm.

Speakers:
David Feldman (Birkbeck College); Mary Hickman (London Metropolitan
University); Andrew Geddes (University of Liverpool); David Glover
(University of Southampton).



Venue: Room 269 Steward House (adjoining Senate House), University of
London, Malet St, London WC2.

Open to all, free of charge. No advance booking required. For further
information, email b.taylor[at]uel.ac.uk

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From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article, Oliver St John Gogarty,
MD (1878-1957): quintessential Irish Literary Renaissance figure
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P.O'S.

Journal Of Medical Biography
Volume 14, Issue 2 , May 2006, Pages 118-123
ISSN: 0967-7720

[In-process record]
Oliver St John Gogarty, MD (1878-1957): quintessential Irish Literary
Renaissance figure

Carter, Richard

Abstract

Oliver St John Gogarty (1878-1957) was a quintessential figure of the Irish
literary renaissance. He was a successful surgeon, accomplished lyric poet,
a man of letters, a senator in the first Irish Free State and a celebrated
wit. While pursuing a successful career in ear, nose, and throat (ENT)
surgery, Gogarty served a brief, nearly lethal term in politics. He devoted
the last several years of his life to a remarkably versatile literary
career, the spectrum of his creativity including elegant lyric poetry,
autobiographies, biographies, essays, novels and parodies. [Journal Article;
In English; England; In-Process]

Citation Subset Indicators: Index Medicus; History of Medicine journal


Journal Of Medical Biography
Volume 14, Issue 2, May 2006, Pages 118-123
ISSN: 0967-7720

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article, Cerebral Automatism, the Brain,
and the Soul in Bram Stoker's Dracula
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P.O'S.


Journal Of The History Of The Neurosciences
Volume 15, Issue 2 , June 2006, Pages 131-152
ISSN: 0964-704X

[In-process record]
Cerebral Automatism, the Brain, and the Soul in Bram Stoker's Dracula

Stiles, Anne

Department of English, University of California, Los Angeles, USA

Abstract

Neither literary critics nor historians of science have acknowledged the
extent to which Bram Stoker's Dracula (1897) is indebted to late-Victorian
neurologists, particularly David Ferrier, John Burdon-Sanderson, Thomas
Huxley, and William Carpenter. Stoker came from a family of distinguished
Irish physicians and obtained an M.A. in mathematics from Trinity College,
Dublin. His personal library contained volumes on physiology, and his
composition notes for Dracula include typewritten pages on somnambulism,
trance states, and cranial injuries.Stoker used his knowledge of neurology
extensively in Dracula. The automatic behaviors practiced by Dracula and his
vampiric minions, such as somnambulism and hypnotic trance states, reflect
theories about reflex action postulated by Ferrier and other physiologists.
These scientists traced such automatic behaviors to the brain stem and
suggested that human behavior was "determined" through the reflex action of
the body and brain-a position that threatened to undermine entrenched
beliefs in free will and the immortal soul. I suggest that Stoker's vampire
protagonist dramatizes the pervasive late-nineteenth-century fear that human
beings are soulless machines motivated solely by physiological factors.
[Journal Article; In English; Netherlands; In-Process]

Citation Subset Indicators: Index Medicus; History of Medicine journal

Journal Of The History Of The Neurosciences
Volume 15, Issue 2 , June 2006, Pages 131-152
ISSN: 0964-704X

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: CFP Theory and Practice of American Letters, 1620-1860
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For information...

P.O'S.

Forwarded on behalf of...
Sharon M. Harris (Dept. of English, U of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
06269-4025; sharon.harris[at]uconn.edu) and Theresa Strouth Gaul (TCU Box
297270, Fort Worth, TX 76129; t.gaul[at]tcu.edu).

Subject: CFP: essay collection on letters

Correspondences: The Theory and Practice of American Letters, 1620-1860

Viewed by previous generations of scholars primarily as historical
documents valuable for revealing information about famous people,
letters today are increasingly accorded an independent literary status.
So malleable in form that they sometimes seem to defy generic
categorization, letters' flexibility renders them particularly adaptable
to writers' and readers' varying uses and interpretations; as
multi-authorial, intertextual documents that resist closure and address
multiple audiences, letters pose a sometimes daunting critical task.
Yet as the genre quite possibly read and practiced by the widest range
of Americans, letters are particularly well situated to broaden
understandings of the colonial, early republican, and antebellum
periods.

Essays taking a wide variety of approaches to letters are welcome,
including those examining the formal and material aspects of the genre;
the aesthetics of the letter; the social, political, and historical
contexts out of which letters emerge and within which they intervene;
the ways that letters negotiate and mediate race, class, and gender
relationships and national identities; challenges or opportunities
letters pose to theorists of autobiography or scholars working in the
fields of cultural, women's, or critical race studies; editorial,
composition, or revision practices; reception; subgenres of letters
(e.g. the familiar letter, letters to the editor, letters embedded in
other genres, etc.). Essays may focus on a particular writer's letters
or an exchange between multiple correspondents or may consider issues
across authors and eras.

Essays of 25 pages (maximum) are due by Nov. 1, 2006. Inquiries are
welcome. Send an email attachment and a hard copy to each editor:
Sharon M. Harris (Dept. of English, U of Connecticut, Storrs, CT
06269-4025; sharon.harris[at]uconn.edu) and Theresa Strouth Gaul (TCU Box
297270, Fort Worth, TX 76129; t.gaul[at]tcu.edu).

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Subject: perhaps of interest
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Journal of American Folklore
Volume 119, Number 472, Spring 2006



Cashman, Ray.

Critical Nostalgia and Material Culture in Northern Ireland



Subjects:

Nostalgia -- Northern Ireland -- Derg Valley.

Material culture -- Conservation and restoration -- Social aspects --
Northern Ireland -- Derg Valley.

Historic preservation -- Social aspects -- Northern Ireland -- Derg Valley.

Derg Valley (Northern Ireland) -- Social conditions.

Abstract:

Although many scholars have characterized nostalgia as a counterproductive
modern malaise, members of one Northern Irish community demonstrate that
nostalgia can be essential for evaluating the present through contrast with
the past and for reasserting the ideal of community in the midst of
sectarian division. By preserving and displaying local material culture of
the past, Catholics and Protestants alike grant seemingly obsolete objects
new life as symbols necessary for inspiring critical thought that may lead
to positive social change.

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From: "William Mulligan Jr."
Subject: Article: Irish in America
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This article in an on-line journal may be of interest to the list.

Lawrence J. McCaffrey, Loyola University of Chicago, CATHOLIC IRISH =
AMERICA:
DRIFTING INTO THE MAINSTREAM

http://homepage.eircom.net/~archaeology/three/mainstream.htm

William H. Mulligan, Jr., Ph.D.
Professor of History
Murray State University
Murray KY 42071-3341 USA=20
=20
=20

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Maureen E Mulvihill
Subject: Cherishing Irish Material Culture
Comments: To: "Rogers, James"
Comments: cc: trisha ziff ,
trisha ziff
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Ray Cashman's essay in the Journal of American Folklore (vol 119, no 472,
Spring 2006) is
absolutely correct re the (non-sentimental) preservation of Irish material
culture.

A recent case in point is the globally-successful and multimedia "Hidden
Truths" exhibition (2002), curated by Trisha Ziff, on the 'Bloody Sunday'
atrocity. This impressive (and big) show, which I viewed in New York City,
displayed physical artifacts from that horrible day, and did so in ways
which required no 'editorial' or journalistic commentary, so compelling were
the exhibits (photos, voice recordings, post-atrocity memorials,
memorabilia, etc).

Maureen E. Mulvihill, PhD
Princeton Research Forum
Princeton, NJ - USA
Advisory Editor, "ABC-CLIO
Encyclopedia of Irish-American Relations",
3 vols (forthcoming, circa late 2006).
____

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article,
Minstrelized girls: male performers of Japan's Lolita complex
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One of the things we try to do, as our alerts alert us to stuff, is just
quickly check why that stuff has triggered that alert. And see if the =
thing
is really of interest to Irish Diaspora Studies.

Thus, do not worry too much about...
The tuberculosis eradication programme in Ireland
Veterinary Microbiology, Volume 112, Issues 2-4, 25 February 2006, Pages
239-251
Simon J. More and Margaret Good
It is of interest, but it is about cows...

And, sadly, do not worry too much about the insubstantial chapter on the
Irish in Messamore, Barbara Jane. Canadian migration patterns from =
Britain
and North America. Ottawa: University of Ottawa Press, viii, 294 p.

This one, on 'Minstrelized girls' was brought to our attention because =
of
that mention of 'Irish' in the abstract. And thus the possibility of =
some
exploration of that Irish involvement in blackface minstrelsy - we are
perhaps thinking of Peter Quinn's novel, Banished children of Eve (and =
if
ever a novel cried out for footnotes...)

But no... The material on blackface minstrels comes mostly from Lhamon =
and
Lott...

W. T. LHAMON, Jr.
http://english.fsu.edu/faculty/wlhamon.htm
Jump Jim Crow: Lost Plays, Lyrics, and Street Prose of the First =
Atlantic
Popular Culture, Harvard University Press, Fall 2003.
Raising Cain: Blackface Performance from Jim Crow to Hip Hop, Harvard =
UP,
1998.

And
Eric Lott, Love and Theft: Blackface Minstrelsy and the American Working
Class (Oxford)

However, Sharon Kinsella's continuing exploration of the stranger shores =
of
Japanese culture is of interest - as an example of a pattern in
interdisciplinary studies whereby theory developed in one area is
transferred to another, in the hope of developing new insights. So, =
moving
on, if girls within Japanese culture are 'minstrelized', that is there =
are
cultural caricatures here (see Quentin Tarentino's Kill Bill), could =
this
concept be used about the stage Irishman?

Sharon Kinsella has a web site at...
http://www.kinsellaresearch.com/

P.O'S.

Minstrelized girls: male performers of Japan's Lolita complex

Author: Kinsella, Sharon=20

Source: Japan Forum, Volume 18, Number 1, March 2006, pp. 65-87(23)

Publisher:Routledge, part of the Taylor & Francis Group

Abstract:
There may be a useful parallel between the intense male cultural =
interest in
and production of girl ( shojo/gyaru ) characters in modern Japan,
particularly in the last two decades of the twentieth century, and the
phenomenon of blackface minstrelsy in the north-eastern states of =
America in
the mid-nineteenth century. Between the 1840s and the 1880s white =
vaudeville
entertainers, including a high proportion of Irish men, blacked up with
greasepaint, or burnt cork, and adopted comically outsized `Negro' =
costumes,
in which they performed songs, dances, comic dialogues, japery and =
narrative
skits to white audiences. Staged minstrelsy was accompanied by the
circulation of plantation songbooks, minstrel theatrical reviews and
classical, abolitionist novels. Critics have suggested that this racial
cultural language was integral to the emergence of American popular =
culture.
In Japan, reportage, novels, films, animation, pornography and comics =
about
girls have dominated professional and amateur cultural production and =
news
reportage to such a degree that it is not possible to separate the =
epochal
expansion of the media industries in the 1980s and 1990s from the =
driving
attraction to these cultural caricatures. Most contemporary female
impersonation by writers, directors and artists in Japan has been =
indirect:
mediated and reproduced through the press and lens rather than through
theatre. This article will use the example of blackface minstrelsy as =
one
means to help us think more about the deeper nature of male cultural
production and consumption of girl characters in Japan.

Keywords: minstrelsy; Lolita complex; female impersonation; girls; =
sh=F4jo;
kogyaru

Document Type: Research article

DOI: 10.1080/09555800500498319

Affiliations: 1: lecturer and an assistant professor at the University =
of
Cambridge and Yale University

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: TOC, The Irish Book Review, Spring 2006
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Forwarded on behalf of
Heidi Murphy [mailto:hmurphy[at]irishbookreview.com]
________________________________________
From: Heidi Murphy [mailto:hmurphy[at]irishbookreview.com]=20
Sent: 09 May 2006 09:42
To: Undisclosed-Recipient:;
Subject: 'The Irish Book Review': Spring issue out now!

Attention Book Lovers!
=20
The spring issue of The Irish Book Review is now on sale and available =
to order
=20
Highlights include...
=20
=E2=80=A2 Tony Farmar on Irish Publishing=20
=E2=80=A2 Eamonn Sweeney's 'Work in Progress'=20
=E2=80=A2 Poem from Seamus Heaney=20
=E2=80=A2 Interview with Ken Bruen=20
=E2=80=A2 Bruce Arnold 'My Back Pages' feature
REVIEWS
=E2=80=A2 Dermot Bolger on Hugo Hamilton's The Sailor in the Wardrobe=20
=E2=80=A2 District and Circle by Seamus Heaney=20
=E2=80=A2 Mary Daly on Gustave de Beaumont's Ireland=20
=E2=80=A2 Chernobyl Heart by Adi Roche=20
=E2=80=A2 Diarmaid Ferriter on Brian Girvin's The Emergency: Neutral =
Ireland 1939-1945
and much more...
=20
Don=E2=80=99t miss out=E2=80=A6 order today!=20
=20
1-904148-9-80 The Irish Book Review Vol 1#4 =E2=82=AC6.50/=C2=A35.00
=20
Subscription (four issues), including postage and VAT:
Ireland (incl Northern Ireland): =E2=82=AC25.00;=20
UK: =E2=82=AC33.00;=20
Europe: =E2=82=AC35.00;=20
Rest of World: =E2=82=AC40.00
=20
To subscribe phone 00353 1 8511459 or visit our secure website at=20

www.irishbookreview.com=20

Trade orders via Gill and Macmillan.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article, Gothic Genealogies: Dracula, Bowen's Court,
And Anglo-Irish Psychology
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On a train of thought...

This might interest...

Had a little trouble getting hold of the Abstract.

P.O'S.

Ingelbien, Raphael "Gothic Genealogies: Dracula, Bowen's Court, And
Anglo-Irish Psychology"
ELH - Volume 70, Number 4, Winter 2003, pp. 1089-1105
The Johns Hopkins University Press

This article reassesses the place of Dracula within a supposed Anglo-Irish
Gothic tradition by stressing continuities between Stoker's portrayal of the
vampire and the (auto)biographical writings of major Ascendancy figures, and
more particularly Elizabeth Bowen's family memoir Bowen's Court. It
qualifies the recent focus on Dracula's monstrous body as an allegorical
site, and argues that the Irish subtext of the novel may be most palpable in
more muted forms of psychological Gothic. It attempts to refine our
definitions of Anglo-Irish Gothic, and constitutes a new intervention in the
debate that has raged over Dracula's Irish identity.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: cfp Love, Sexuality and Migration, June 2006, Sussex
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For information...

P.O'S.

Forwarded on behalf of
Laura Agustin
http://www.nodo50.org/conexiones/Laura_Agustin/

-----Original Message-----

Subject: cfp Love, Sexuality and Migration

=20

Hello everyone, If there is anyone out there working on both sexuality =
and
migration issues, please note the following meeting in June for which =
there
is a little money for inter-European travel. IMISCOE is an EC-funded
academic network on migration.

Best, Laura Agustin
http://www.nodo50.org/conexiones/Laura_Agustin/

Call for Papers
Meeting of IMISCOE Cluster C8 on 'Love, Sexuality and Migration'
9-10 June 2006
University of Sussex, UK
Deadline: 14 May.

In current analyses of motivations for migration, issues of love and
sexuality are seldom considered as central factors. Yet the desire to =
join a
partner living in a foreign country, to pursue a richer emotional or =
sexual
life, to escape persecution and discrimination on the basis of sexual
orientation or to express one's sexual identity more fully are powerful
drives in the imagination and enactment of mobility. Many migrations =
begin
with romance, infatuation or 'real love', which can be powerful and
necessary motivators for assuming the risks involved in trying to get a
better life. The fact that some of these relationships sour later on, or
that one (or both) of the people had or has exploitative plans, does not
diminish the importance of the original feeling. In fact, only the =
affective
dimension can explain many migrations.

So far, the complex interlocking between love and migration has been =
mainly
addressed by research on 'prostitution' and 'trafficking', which has
focussed narrowly on whether migrants knew they would be selling sex and
whether they were coerced or forced to do it. Hegemonic meanings of =
these
terms define the interconnections between sex, intimacy and mobility as
inherently and exclusively exploitative, and deny the emotional =
ambivalence
shaping the relations involved.
Moreover, these discursive practices play a key role in the construction =
of
Europe (or the West) as a space of emotional and civic superiority and =
in
enforcing cripplingly restrictive migration policies which produce
'trafficking' as a social and economic phenomenon.

This group will investigate migrations that involve:

- love for a boy or girlfriend, for a tourist, for a 'pimp' or =
'trafficker',
for a (future) husband or wife, for a parent, for a child;
- the desire to escape prejudice and discrimination on the basis of =
sexual
orientation;
- the desire for a more fulfilling expression of sexual identity and for =
a
richer emotional life.

Please contact both cluster convenors by 14 May with questions or an
abstract. It will not be necessary to write a full paper for this =
meeting:

Dr Laura Agust=EDn =09
Geography Department =09
Loughborough University =09
laura[at]nodo50.org
http://www.nodo50.org/conexiones/Laura_Agustin/ =09

Dr Nick Mai
ISET (Institute for the Study of European Transformations) London
Metropolitan University n.mai[at]londonmet.ac.uk

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Review Article, Minority Languages in Europe: Frameworks, Status,
Prospects
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Journal of Sociolinguistics
Volume 10 Page 137 - February 2006
doi:10.1111/j.1360-6441.2006.00321e.x
Volume 10 Issue 1
=20
Minority Languages in Europe: Frameworks, Status, Prospects
Melissa Roy Warnock1

Gabrielle Hogan-Brun and Stefan Wolff(eds.). Minority Languages in =
Europe:
Frameworks, Status, Prospects. Basingstoke: Palgrave Macmillan. 2004. =
238
pp. Hb (1403903964)=A345.00.

Reviewed by Melissa Roy Warnock

This is a review of the Hogan-Brun and Wolff volume, which will interest
many IR-D members. There is a discussion of Camille C. O'Reilly =
chapter,
and her analysis of what she calls 'symbolic languages' - such as Irish.

Note that this issue of the Journal of Sociolinguistics is currently the
free sample issue on the Blackwell's Synergy web site.
http://www.blackwell-synergy.com/
=20
In the same issue... West Wing fans might also like
Richardson, Kay. "The dark arts of good people: How popular culture
negotiates 'spin' in NBC's The West Wing." Journal of Sociolinguistics =
10,
no. 1 (2006): 52 - 69.

P.O'S.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article,
A Place of Community: "Celtic" Iona and Institutional Religion
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A Place of Community: "Celtic" Iona and Institutional Religion

Author: Power, Rosemary

Source: Folklore, Volume 117, Number 1, Number 1/April 2006, pp. 33-53(21)

Publisher:Routledge, part of the Taylor & Francis Group

Abstract:
This paper identifies the concept of a "Celtic" form of spirituality that
has developed recently within Christianity in Britain and Ireland, in
particular in relation to ancient pilgrimage sites. One of these, the
Scottish island of Iona, has always been subject to reinterpretation; but
while the resident population and the Iona Community may have contributed to
current expectations, they do not necessary identify with them.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: TOC The Journal of Music in Ireland, May-June 2006
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Email Patrick O'Sullivan

Forwarded on behalf of
JMI =96 The Journal of Music in Ireland
Edenvale, Esplanade, Bray,=20
Co. Wicklow, Ireland
Tel/Fax +353-(0)1-2867292
E-mail editor[at]thejmi.com
http://www.thejmi.com

Fintan being picky, eh?

P.O'S.
________________________________________
From: Journal of Music in Ireland [mailto:editor[at]thejmi.com]=20
Sent: 11 May 2006 11:22
Subject: May-June issue of JMI

The May-June issue of "JMI: The Journal of Music in Ireland" is now
available...

Please see details of the latest issue below.=20

For subscription information, or for details of shops that stock JMI, =
please
visit our website http://www.thejmi.com

JMI MAY-JUNE 2006

Purists All: traditional Irish music and the =91purist=92 myth
Little captures the imagination like the idea of the =91traditional =
music
purist=92 =96 the concept appears to be as popular as ever =96 though =
for reasons,
argues Toner Quinn, that have little to do with music=85

Traditional Music Review: =91Invisible Fields=92 by Iarla =D3 Lion=E1ird =
and =91Rian=92
by Liam =D3 Maonla=ED
Vincent Woods

Song, Music and Dance in Joe O'Connor's Star of the Sea: Some pedantic
pickiness
Fintan Vallely

New Work Notes =96 Memory from one to infinity: Nono/Feldman/new work by =
Irish
composers/ Sligo New Music Festival 2006
John McLachlan

=91Don phobal as a dt=E1inig s=E9=92 =96 R=EDonach u=ED =D3g=E1in: a =
saol agus a saothar
Ciar=E1n =D3 Con Cheanainn

Composer Interview =96 Missing Persons=A0: The Voices of Ail=EDs N=ED =
R=EDain
Bob Gilmore

Festival Review: Steve Reich RT=C9 Living Music Festival 2006
J=FCrgen Simpson

Vocal Musics of the Past
Tom Munnelly reviews 'Caointe agus Seancheolta Eile: Keening and other =
Irish
Musics' by Breand=E1n =D3 Madag=E1in=20

Live Reviews
Trihornophone=20
Mostly Modern Festival '06
Michael Buckley=92s =91Translations=92
Dublin Guitar Quintet=20
Caoimh=EDn =D3 Raghallaigh, Jane Hughes and Lorcan MacMath=FAna
i-and-e festival '06
Node

Recent Publications
Comprehensive listings of new CDs, DVDs, books articles & scores =
(provided
by the Irish Traditional Music Archive and the Contemporary Music =
Centre)

May-June Music Guide
The only two-month guide to upcoming concerts, festivals and sessions

Images from the Archive
Drawing made 14 July 1977 by artist Eamonn O'Doherty of fiddle-player =
and
raconteur John Loughran, Pomeroy, Co Tyrone

plus letters, notes and much more...

------------- JMI =96 The Journal of Music in Ireland -------------=20

JMI =96 The Journal of Music in Ireland
Edenvale, Esplanade, Bray,=20
Co. Wicklow, Ireland
Tel/Fax +353-(0)1-2867292
E-mail editor[at]thejmi.com
http://www.thejmi.com=20

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: "William Mulligan Jr."
Subject: Teaching Folder
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This is a good time to invite list members to submit syllabuses for =
Irish
Diaspora courses to the teaching folder - send to me at
billmulligan[at]murray-ky.net or submit notes on teaching the Diaspora. I
would like to see course syllabuses that deal with aspects of the =
Diaspora
-- Irish in Australia, Irish in the US, etc. -- as well as the more =
general
courses. Thanks for considering this.=20

Bill

William H. Mulligan, Jr., Ph.D.
Professor of History
Murray State University
Murray KY 42071-3341 USA=20
=20
=20

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Review, Matthews, Fatal Influence,
The Impact of Ireland on British Politics
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-----Original Message-----
Subject: REV: Williamson on Matthews, _Fatal Influence_
Date: Thu, 11 May 2006 13:25:09 -0400

REVIEW:

H-NET BOOK REVIEW
Published by H-Albion[at]h-net.msu.edu (May 2006)

Kevin Matthews. _Fatal Influence: The Impact of Ireland on British Politics,
1920-1925_. Dublin: University College Dublin Press, 2004. xvi + 317 pp.
Pictures, appendices, bibliography, index. $79.95 (cloth), ISBN
1-904558-06-2; $39.95 (paper), ISBN 1-904558-05-4.

Reviewed for H-Albion by Daniel C. Williamson, Hillyer College, University
of Hartford

Historians of Ireland correctly see the Anglo-Irish Treaty of 1921 as a
major factor in the development of that country's history during the
twentieth century. "The Treaty" (as it is generally known) not only created
the independent Irish Free State and partitioned the island, but it also led
to the Irish Civil War and laid the framework for domestic politics on both
sides of the border for decades to come. Kevin Matthews's book, _Fatal
Influence: The Impact of Ireland on British Politics, 1920-1925_, examines
the under-appreciated importance that the Treaty had on political life on
the other side of the Irish Sea. While Matthews does focus most of the book
on British domestic politics, his work is also very informative about what
was happening in Dublin and Belfast at the same time. Indeed, the subtitle
of this book could easily have been reversed to _The Impact of British
Politics on Ireland_.

Matthews begins by looking at the premiership of David Lloyd George
(1916-22.) Ireland had a major impact on the political fortunes of Lloyd
George's government. As the head of a Liberal-Conservative coalition born
during the First World War, Lloyd George was bound to view Ireland as a
delicate subject. Before the war, the "Irish Question" was one of the major
issues dividing Britain's two main parties, with the Conservatives as
staunch supporters of the Unionists and the Liberal Party pledged to Home
Rule. The coalition government survived the end of the Great War, but the
reverberations of the Easter Rising, including the rise of Sinn Fein and the
outbreak of the Anglo-Irish War, put Ireland front and center in British
post-war politics. This placed great strain on one of the natural fissures
of the Liberal-Conservative alliance.

According to Matthews, Lloyd George had no strong personal feelings about
Ireland. His overriding concern was to settle the Irish situation and thus
remove it from British politics. The Government of Ireland Act of 1920 was
a failed attempt to come to a peaceful agreement in Ireland. Essentially a
re-working of the pre-war Home Rule legislation, the act would have
established two parliaments in Ireland; one in Dublin for the
Nationalist/Catholic majority, and one in Belfast for the
Unionist/Protestant dominated northeast. The act called for the creation of
a Council of Ireland linking both parliaments to coordinate issues of joint
north-south concern, and theoretically lead to re-unification. Ulster's
Unionists accepted the legislation after some debate about the extent of
territory they should claim for the new province of Northern Ireland.
Abandoning hope of holding onto all nine Ulster counties, the Unionists
settled their claim on the six northeastern counties. This partition was
fraught with difficulties, as there was a significant Catholic population in
the area, with local Catholic majorities in cities like Derry, as well as
the two entire counties of Fermanagh and Tyrone. In the south, Dail Eireann
simply ignored the act, as it fought to achieve a republic for all of
Ireland.

With the IRA's guerilla campaign in full swing throughout Ireland, Lloyd
George was pulled in opposite directions by the two elements of his
coalition. The Conservatives wanted the IRA crushed by a full-scale
military onslaught. Liberals, on the other hand, were upset with the
increasingly ruthless, albeit unsuccessful, nature of the "police action"
waged by the Black and Tan and Auxiliary units of the Royal Irish
Constabulary. In July 1921, Lloyd George reversed his no-negotiation
strategy and called for talks with Dail Eireann's president, Eamon de
Valera. Matthews argues that Lloyd George's determination to end the
Anglo-Irish War arose from the continued strength shown by Sinn Fein in the
Irish election of 1921, the fact that the security forces seemed unable to
defeat the IRA, and, perhaps most importantly, from the need to keep his own
coalition in one piece. The prime minister hoped that by bringing peace and
stability to long-troubled Ireland, he would be able to meld his fractious
coalition into a new political entity, the Centre Party, which would cement
his hold on power in Great Britain.

The basic story of the negotiation of the Anglo-Irish Treaty is as
well-known as it is controversial. (De Valera's refusal to participate in
the talks and his dispatch of the reluctant Michael Collins to lead the
Irish delegation; the intense debates over Dominion status verses an Irish
Republic and the issue of partition; and the reluctant acceptance of the
Treaty by the Irish after Lloyd George all threatened to end the truce and
launch full-scale war, and ultimately split Sinn Fein.) Matthews does an
admirable job of recounting the narrative, but _Fatal Influence_ breaks new
ground by examining the negotiations through the lens of British politics.
While Lloyd George was a duplicitous negotiator, it was not Michael Collins
and Arthur Griffith who were his chief victims. The author contends that in
his desire to get the Irish republicans to accept the Treaty, Lloyd George
crafted a document that was meant to force Northern Ireland to seek
reunification with the south while still appearing to give the Unionists
what they wanted. Although the Treaty allowed Northern Ireland to stay
within the United Kingdom by opting out of the Irish Free State, the
province would be under serious economic constraints if it chose that
option. As a Dominion, the Free State would be financially independent:
its only obligation would be to the pre-existing U.K. debt. Northern
Ireland, under the terms of the Government of Ireland Act, would not only
have to pay its own local expenses from its own local taxes, it would also
have to make an "imperial contribution" to Great Britain. Northern Ireland
would be further undermined by Article XII of the Treaty, which called for a
Boundary Commission to adjust the inter-Irish border by taking account of
the wishes of local populations and economic conditions. While Northern
Ireland's prime minister, Sir James Craig, denounced the Treaty, most of his
Conservative allies in the coalition supported the agreement.

However, Lloyd George's triumph was short-lived, for, as Matthews makes
clear, the Treaty was in fact the political undoing of the coalition. The
pro-Unionist "Die-hards" in the Conservative Party would not be reconciled
to an agreement that they saw as a sell-out to Sinn Fein and a threat to
Northern Ireland. Unfortunately for the pro-Treaty politicians in Britain,
the Irish Civil War, which broke out in the summer of 1922, made it seem
that the Treaty had not created a stable Irish settlement. Andrew Bonar Law
renounced his earlier support of the Treaty and led the Conservatives out of
the coalition and into a victory in the next general election. Lloyd George
would never again be the resident of Number 10 Downing Street.

While Bonar Law did not attempt to rescind the Treaty, Matthews shows that
he did dramatically change the implementation of the Treaty in order to
protect the six-county statelet of Northern Ireland. Bonar Law facilitated
James Craig's attempts to escape from the financial trap laid by the Treaty.
Craig had been demanding, with limited success, British funding for the
Special Constables of the RUC, a reduction in the imperial contribution, and
assistance in paying Northern Ireland's unemployment claims since before
Bonar Law replaced Lloyd George. Matthews concludes that under the new
prime minister, "the Treaty's Ulster clauses, especially those designed to
bring about economic pressure on Northern Ireland, had largely been rendered
impotent. This change marked a blow for the prospects of Irish unity, a
change that might never have taken place but for the return of Bonar Law to
politics" (p.110).

Bonar Law resigned in May 1923 due to ill health and was succeeded by
Stanley Baldwin. As a Conservative member of the Lloyd George coalition,
Baldwin had backed the Treaty. Politically, Ireland was an issue that he
would have liked to ignore as he attempted to reconcile the pro- and
anti-Treaty wings of the party. However, the Free State government of
William Cosgrave was putting pressure on London to start the work of the
Boundary Commission. Baldwin successfully stalled Cosgrave, and before the
Conservatives had to come to grips with Article XII, they lost the general
election of 1923 and Labour formed a new government with Liberal Party
backing.

Matthews demonstrates how this temporary setback turned out to be a
serendipitous long-term win for the Conservatives, as Labour tackled the
Irish Question for them. As the first Labour Party prime minister, James
Ramsay MacDonald had other issues besides Ireland on his agenda, but he felt
compelled to honor the Treaty. Matthews contends that the personally
anti-Irish Catholic MacDonald moved forward not out of sympathy with the
Free State, but to demonstrate that the Labour Party could govern in a
responsible manner and meet Britain's legal commitments. The major
stumbling block to Article XII was that Craig refused to name Northern
Ireland's member to the three-person commission specified by the Treaty.
MacDonald forged ahead by calling for special legislation by Parliament to
enable the British government to name Belfast's commissioner itself, and
thus begin the process of assessing the border.

Labour's fortitude in the face of Ulster's intransigence put the
Conservative Party in a dangerous position. The "Die-hard," pro-Unionist
faction of the party wanted to fight the legislation to eliminate the danger
of Northern Ireland losing any territory. This prospect frightened Stanley
Baldwin, who feared a re-opening of old wounds in his party. He
particularly dreaded the prospect that the "Die-hards" would turn to the
House of Lords to delay or amend the bill. This would give Labour, which
was struggling with the pubic perception that it was in league with the
Bolsheviks, a chance to call a general election and run as the party of the
common people versus the party of aristocratic privilege. Baldwin pulled
off a neat balancing act by getting the majority of Conservatives to support
the bill, while announcing that his party would fight any transfer of
territory that was unacceptable to Ulster. With Ireland safely removed as a
campaign issue, the Conservative Party won a smashing victory in the 1924
general election, the results of which also destroyed the Liberal Party as a
major player in British politics. For Ireland, the election results meant
that a powerful Conservative government would launch the Boundary
Commission.

In December 1924, the Boundary Commission began its work with predictable
results. In September 1925, the British-named chairman, Richard Feetham,
informed the hapless Irish delegate, Eoin MacNeill, that he did not believe
that Article XII empowered the Commission to make any whole-sale transfer of
territory and that the Free State might be called upon to give land to
Northern Ireland. When the final report of the Commission, which called for
only minor adjustments on both sides of the border, was leaked to the press
it caused Dublin to ask that the official report be quelled, as it would
play into the hands of Cosgrave's republican opponents. In a rare example
of cooperation between the two Irish governments, Craig and Cosgrave
suggested that, as a salve to the Free State's political wound, Article V of
the Treaty be negated. This section of the document called for the Free
State to pay a share of the United Kingdom's existing national debt. For
Cosgrave, this concession would save his cash-strapped government money and
provide it with some badly needed nationalist credentials, by cutting
another tie between the Free State and Britain. Craig believed that any
action that changed the financial elements of the Treaty could only help his
own claims on the British Treasury. In addition, Craig and Cosgrave agreed
to replace the Council of Ireland provision of the Treaty with informal
meetings between the two Irish cabinets. Baldwin agreed, happy to be rid of
the troublesome "Irish Question." The Commission report and related
documents were sealed up with a note from a trusted civil servant: "S.B.
asked me to keep these from his sight--and from everyone else's" (p. 240).

Despite hopes to the contrary, Matthew's concludes that "the settlement
fashioned between 1920 and 1925 did not resolve the Irish Question so much
as sweep it to one side" (p. 242). The inherently unstable
Unionist/Nationalist mixture in Northern Ireland exploded into the modern
"Troubles" in 1969, dragging a new generation of British politicians into
the Irish thicket.

Matthews's main focus in the book is British politics, but he also examines
the performance of the major Irish leaders, both Unionist and Nationalist.
_Fatal Influence_ credits Michael Collins and Arthur Griffith with not only
achieving the best deal that could have been had in 1921, but also with
having a real concern for Irish unity. As they understood the Treaty, the
financial burden on Ulster and a realistic redrawing of the border would
have made Northern Ireland an untenable entity. As direct participants in
the negotiations, they could have been credible critics of the readjusting
of the spirit of the Treaty after 1922. Of course both men died in 1922,
although Matthew's admits that there is no guarantee that their survival
would have changed the course of the history of partition.

The Free State government of William T. Cosgrave comes in for much more
criticism. While Matthews sees Cosgrave as having been on the right side of
the Treaty debate in Ireland, he was not an effective advocate for the
Nationalist community in Northern Ireland or a real champion of
re-unification. More interested in demonstrating that the Free State was a
sovereign government than in re-unification, Cosgrave's concern for the
north was mainly sparked by a desire not to be politically outflanked by de
Valera and the Sinn Fein. The apparent permanence of partition after 1925
was not a real concern in Dublin as the government could concentrate on
creating a Gaelic-Catholic state without the awkward presence of a million
Protestants. Cosgrave never even made an attempt to convene the type of
north-south cabinet meeting that Craig had tacitly agreed to in 1925.

Even more than Cosgrave, Matthews lambastes Eamon de Valera. He claims that
the republican leader, to a greater extent than his Free State opponents,
cynically exploited public concern for northern Nationalists while never
having any intention of working for re-unification. De Valera found
partition a convenient rhetorical issue to win support for the creation of
Fianna Fail and attack Cosgrave, but in practice he too concentrated on
forging a fully sovereign, Catholic confessional state in the southern
twenty-six counties.

The most successful Irish leader in _Fatal Influence_ is Northern Ireland's
premier Sir James Craig. Although Matthew's points out that the Unionist
mini-state that Craig did so much to defend was bound to disintegrate, as it
did in 1972, he achieved all of his short-term goals in the 1920s. Northern
Ireland kept all six of its counties and Belfast, with the connivance of the
Conservative Party, wriggled out of the financial trap set by the Treaty.

On the whole, _Fatal Influence_ provides students of both British and Irish
history with a valuable and original analysis of the negotiation and
implementation of the Anglo-Irish Treaty. Supported by impressive archival
research, Matthews admirably succeeds in proving his main thesis, namely
that Irish issues were still of vital importance in domestic British
politics even after 1921. His take on the negotiation of the Treaty is also
insightful, in that he clearly shows how Lloyd George's actions were
motivated more by his ultimately doomed plan to create a new political party
and less with the nature of Ireland's relations with Britain. The collapse
of the Liberal-Conservative coalition and the subsequent destruction of the
Liberal party were not only monumental events in British political history,
but also profoundly affected Ireland. The Conservative Party under Bonar
Law and Baldwin, anxious to make amends for ever having supported the
Treaty, insured that the components of the Treaty meant to promote
re-unification were nullified. Partition became the new reality in Ireland:
celebrated and grimly defended in Belfast, impotently (and perhaps
disingenuously) denounced in Dublin, and ignored in London, until the
outbreak of the Troubles began to reshape that reality.




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