Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Book Review, Smail on Gray,
Spinning the Threads of Uneven Development: Gender and
Industrialization in Ireland during the Long Eighteenth Century
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H-NET BOOK REVIEW
Published by H-Albion[at]h-net.msu.edu (September 2007)

Jane Gray. _Spinning the Threads of Uneven Development: Gender and
Industrialization in Ireland during the Long Eighteenth Century_.
Lanham: Lexington Books, 2005. x + 199 pp. Index. $70.00 (cloth),
ISBN 0-7391-0947-2.

Reviewed for H-Albion by John Smail, Department of History,
University of North Carolina Charlotte

Gender, the Household, and Peripheries: Reviving Social History?

As Jane Gray notes in her introduction, Ireland is not usually
associated with eighteenth-century industrialization. However, this
supposed agricultural backwater was in fact home to a substantial
linen industry geared towards the export trade. Gray's book is an
analysis of the development of this industry, focusing on the period
from the mid-eighteenth century to the Famine, by which time the
emergence of factory spinning was transforming the character of this
formerly rural industry. Overlaying the historical treatment of the
Irish linen industry in this book is Gray's critique and revision of
the two main theoretical models that have been used to analyze rural
industrial development: proto-industrialization and world systems
theory. Drawing on the explanatory strengths of both and, crucially,
linking those strands with an analysis that gives primacy to gender,
she crafts a convincing model that both explains Ireland's trajectory
and has potential for application in other contexts.

The first two substantive chapters of the book provide an
introduction to Ireland's linen industry and its development during
this period. Linen production in Ireland was a household operation
distributed widely across the countryside. However, because it took
the work of four spinners to keep one weaver supplied with yarn, this
distribution was not uniform. The production of cloth was
concentrated in the weaving districts, mostly in the north east.
Here, linen cloth was produced in household units, usually headed by
a male weaver, that had to supplement their supply of yarn with
purchases in the market. In contrast, very little weaving took place
in the spinning districts; there, yarn was prepared by women, often
from flax grown themselves, as a valuable cash supplement to an
agricultural household economy. Each of these two districts had a
different set of gender relations. In the weaving districts women's
contribution to the household economy was large unremunerated since
their labor was subsumed in the household's output of cloth. In the
spinning districts, in contrast, women's labor was often the sole
source of cash income in the household. A crucial insight of Gray's
analysis is that the development of both districts was crucial to the
rapid growth of the Irish linen industry in the later eighteen and
early nineteenth centuries, but the pattern of growth was different
in each case, an observation that usefully extends the core/periphery
distinction of world systems theory. In the former, production of
linen could only increase by the replication of additional household
units of production, generally by subdividing holdings in a process
that tended towards proletarianization; in the spinning districts, in
contrast, expansion was geographical as markets developed that
incorporated more women into the industry.

In the next two chapters, Gray subjects these broad patterns to a
more detailed analysis. Using the census returns for Cavan, a county
at the southern tip of Ulster on the border between the spinning and
weaving districts, Gray shows that the development of linen
manufacture in particular communities hinged upon the relative
economic contribution made by agriculture and thus varied both
spatially and temporally as "core" and "periphery" developed in
relationship to each other. Generally speaking, households without
access to good agricultural land, households with more or better land
that were close to centers of linen marketing, or households taking
up linen manufacture during boom years were more likely to exhibit
household composition and demographic patterns associated with a
significant "investment" in proto-industry. The next chapter
balances this statistical analysis with an exploration of gender
relationships within the household using a variety of sources
including traditional poems and ballads. Gray argues that in
important ways, gender relations helped structure the development of
the rural linen industry, for example by marking spinning as women's
work even though it might have made economic sense for men to
participate as well. She also stresses, however, that participation
in the trade had the potential to disrupt established gender
relations. The final chapter of the book examines the Irish linen
industry in comparison to contemporaneous developments in the linen
industry in Scotland and Flanders. The different economic,
demographic, geographic characteristics of these three regions
highlight Gray's argument about the importance of gender in shaping
paths of economic development.

Thirty years ago this book, which presents the results of regression
analyses and seriously engages with theories of economic development,
would have been within the mainstream of the field of economic and
social history. Today, however, both its methods and topic mark it
as something outside the mainstream, in this instance belonging not
to history but to the author's discipline of historical sociology.
This fact will probably limit its appeal to those interested in the
history of Irish economic development, but that is unfortunate
because this engaging and readable book raises questions and explores
approaches that are significant despite their relative
marginalization in the current state of the discipline. To be sure,
the book is not without its weaknesses. Focusing on production, Gray
does not look much at the ways in which linen cloth and yarn made
their way through the market and does not, therefore, address issues
about sources and uses of capital. I would also suspect that there
would have been other kinds of sources through which to address the
internal dynamics of gender relations in the household, sources that
would better bridge the gulf between the discussions of theory and
analysis of census, on one hand, and the analysis of ballads, on the
other. It is, however, that blend that gives this work its broader
relevance, and its success rests upon Gray's convincing and
innovative use of gender as an analytic tool (something that would
have been far ahead of its time three decades ago). By using gender
to disrupt and refine the powerful but simplistic models of both
proto-industrial and world systems theory, and by exploring gender
relations both in statistical and cultural sources, Gray offers a
model for a kind of history that deserves more attention.




Copyright (c) 2007 by H-Net, all rights reserved. H-Net permits
the redistribution and reprinting of this work for nonprofit,
educational purposes, with full and accurate attribution to the
author, web location, date of publication, originating list,
and
H-Net: Humanities & Social Sciences Online. For other uses
contact the Reviews editorial staff: hbooks[at]mail.h-net.msu.edu.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article, Babies,
Bodies and Entitlement: Gendered Aspects of Access to Citizenship
in the Republic of Ireland
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Email Patrick O'Sullivan patrickos[at]irishdiaspora.net

Garner, Steve. "Babies, Bodies and Entitlement: Gendered Aspects of Access
to Citizenship in the Republic of Ireland." Parliamentary Affairs 60.3
(2007): 437 - 451

Parliamentary Affairs 2007 60(3):437-451

Babies, Bodies and Entitlement: Gendered Aspects of Access to Citizenship in
the Republic of Ireland
Steve Garner

Abstract
Since the mid-1990s, automatic citizenship for children born in the Republic
has been a source of growing debate against a backdrop of increasing
immigration and the peace process. In June 2004, the debate culminated in a
referendum, opening the way to a constitutional amendment that attaches
residence qualifications to the hitherto unfettered entitlement to
citizenship available through ius soli. Arguments for the amendment were
couched in terms of a threat posed by Third World women having babies in
Ireland to obtain residence, and a putative obligation to the EU to
harmonise citizenship laws. This article explores how pregnant foreign
women's bodies became a site of perplexity about the borders of the
twenty-first century Irish nation. It is therefore suggested that neither
the 'racial state' theories nor feminist theories of the nation-state
account fully for this. On closer inspection, the seemingly sui generis case
of the Irish referendum is therefore fruitful in that it demands further
reflection in terms of bridging gaps in the existing theory.

Conclusion
It has been argued that the case of the Irish referendum on citizenship
mobilised a number of discourses whose overlap has not previously been the
centre of theoretical research, even among feminist theorists of the State,
who have paid a good deal of attention to relationships between national
women and the nation-state. The Irish state's legislative power was
channelled into excluding particular bodies from membership of the nation:
most interestingly via the racialised bodies of their parents (particularly
those of their mothers). Racist action here assumes the form of restricting
the movement of bodies both in physical space and in the national imaginary.
The symbolic references around the issue tied the defence of Irish
citizenship to essentialised cultural resources within Ireland, and
obligations constructed through membership of the European Union to combat
what might be seen as hyper-mobile labour's exercise of consumer choice of
nationality in a fast-narrowing marketplace. This gender-mediated discourse
constructs the children of non-national women as queue-jumping competitors
for resources, while the latter see their actions as attempting to lay the
basis for stable and durable 'good lives' in the relatively wealthy North.
These women (particularly asylum-seekers) thus find themselves caught in the
movement from 'bare life' to the 'good life', in Agamben's formulation.41 It
may well be that a number of motivations, emotional and economically
rational strategies inform the choices of women in this category, but
qualitative research would be required to discover and analyse this.42

The Irish vernacular elements to this discourse are two-fold. Firstly, there
is the ideological context of increasingly hostile attitudes towards
racialised others viewed as bringing disorder, impurity and threatening
dwindling resources. Secondly, there is the fallout from the abortion
debates of the previous decade, in which the unborn child is posited as
future citizen and bearer of rights. The transposition of this idea to the
citizenship referendum demonstrates a reversal of the implicit hierarchy of
rights. In the abortion debate, the unborn (national) child's rights trump
those of the mother, while in the citizenship debates, children are racially
split by the State into Irish and 'Irish-born', and their mother's
nationality determines the child's access to resources.


--
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan P.OSullivan[at]bradford.ac.uk Email Patrick O'Sullivan
patrickos[at]irishdiaspora.net Personal Fax 0044 (0) 709 236 9050

Irish Diaspora Studies
http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/
Irish Diaspora Net
http://www.irishdiaspora.net

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Social Sciences and Humanities University of Bradford Bradford
BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Research Post at the OU,
Tuning In: Diasporic Contact Zones at BBC World Service
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Email Patrick O'Sullivan patrickos[at]irishdiaspora.net

Research Associate/Research Fellow: Historic Perspectives on =
International=20
Broadcasting,=20
=20
Faculty of Social Sciences, Based Milton Keynes, 12 mth contract or 24=20
mths part-time (negotiable)=20
=20
=A325,134 - =A329,138 pro rata (according to qualifications and =
experience)
=20
circulation date : 25/09/2007=20
=20
closing date : 16/10/2007
=20
The post is funded through an AHRC grant to work on a project entitled=20
Tuning In: Diasporic Contact Zones at BBC World Service. This will be an =

ideal opportunity for an outstanding researcher to gain first hand=20
experience of conducting independent research in a collaborative =
setting.=20
The Research Associate/Research Fellow will play a key role in this =
inter-
disciplinary empirical research project, exploring how BBC World Service =

functions as an agent of public diplomacy(1961-91). For project details=20
see http://www.open.ac.uk/socialsciences/diasporas/

You should have a proven record of achievement in research gained =
through=20
a PhD, good publications or equivalent output. All applicants should =
have=20
a good first degree and/or postgraduate qualification in a relevant=20
discipline (or equivalent, such as sociology, politics and international =

relations, media and cultural studies). You will need to demonstrate: =
self-
motivation and good time-management skills, the ability to work as part =
of=20
a team, experience of working to deadlines, the ability to take=20
responsibility for the day to day management of a research project,=20
experience of writing research findings for reports and scholarly=20
publication.

Closing date: 16 October 2007. Interview date: week commencing 12 =
November=20
2007.
=20
=20
=20

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article,
Surviving Andersonville: The Benefits of Social Networks in POW
Camps
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Email Patrick O'Sullivan patrickos[at]irishdiaspora.net

Interesting article looking at the effects of, for example, ethnicity (in
this case, German, French and Irish) on survival rates in Andersonville.
But the method chosen to identify 'Irish' prisoners seems flawed - 'we call
a surname Irish... if only individuals born in Ireland and not in any other
European country had that surname...'

P.O'S.


Costa, Dora L., and Matthew E. Kahn. "Surviving Andersonville: The Benefits
of Social Networks in POW Camps." American Economic Review 97.4 (2007.):
1467-1487.

Twenty-seven percent of the Union Army prisoners captured July 1863 or later
died in captivity. At Andersonville, the death rate may have been as high as
40 percent. How did men survive such horrific conditions? Using two
independent datasets, we find that friends had a statistically significant
positive effect on survival probabilities and that the closer the ties
between friends as measured by such identifiers as ethnicity, kinship, and
the same hometown, the bigger was the impact of friends on survival
probabilities. (JEL N41, Z13)
Author(s): Dora L. Costa 1, | Matthew E. Kahn 2

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Liam Greenslade
Subject: Translocations
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Apologies for cross posting

Liam

Dear Colleague,


We are delighted to be able to announce the release of the second issue
of the new Irish inter-university open-access e-journal "Translocations:
The Irish Migration, Race and Social Transformation Review".

This can be accessed by clicking on the link
www.translocations.ie/currentissue/index.html.


Yours sincerely

Aoileann Ni Mhurchu
Managing Editor Translocations
Aoileann.NiMhurchu[at]dcu.ie

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Catholics in Scottish prisons
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From: "Joe Bradley"
To: "The Irish Diaspora Studies List"

Apologies for cross posting...

I am forwarding this on behalf of Tom Minogue

Background at...

http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/business/petitions/docs/PE1073.htm

Petition by Tom Minogue calling for the Scottish Parliament to investigate
and establish the reasons for the apparently disproportionate number of
Catholics in Scottish prisons.

http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/business/petitions/pdfs/pe1073.pdf

JB


From Tom Minogue....

Press release in lieu of 3-minute address in
support of Public Petition to the Scottish Parliament PE 1073, to be
considered by the Public Petitions Committee of the Parliament on
Tuesday 2nd October 2007 at 2pm in Committee Room 1.

Broadcast live on the Internet at www.holyrood.tv/committee.asp


Release 29/09/2007 09:05 Submission: In June 2005 I Googled "Donald
Findlay, Q.C." as part of my research in connection with a complaint I
had lodged with the Faculty of Advocates that Mr. Findlay had acted in a
racist and bigoted manner and brought the Faculty into disprepute1.=20


Of the many controversial articles thrown up by Google about our
best-known senior counsel one in particular struck me as unbelievable.
It was an article from the Sunday Times of January 21st 2001, relating
to the disproportionate number of RCs in Scottish Prisons which were
said to be: " almost double the percentage of Catholics in the
population as a whole."

The article entitled: "High Catholic prison numbers spark probe",
reported how Pauline McNeill MSP had raised the question of the
disproportionate number of RCs in Scottish Prisons with the then Justice
Minister, Jim Wallace who-after denying any discrimination in the legal
system-stated: "The most puzzling issue to emerge from the statistics is
why Catholics should be represented in prison at twice the level they
are in society. These figures merit further investigation."=20=20

=20

The Times reporter sought the view of the legal establishment from
Donald Findlay, Q.C. Mr Findlay explained the anomalous disproportion
by stating "I would guess any distortion has less to do with religion
than with the strong presence in the west of Scotland of people with
Irish roots."=20=20=20

=20

Being predominately Irish descended, and nominally RC, I had a personal
interest, and also a general concern in this shocking statement, as well
as the statistics that elicited it. Consequently I wrote to the Scottish
Prison Service (SPS) to see if this disproportion still existed. To my
surprise I was told by the SPS that the disparity had got worse, the
"almost double" had increased to "double"! So I wrote to the First
Minister Jack McConnell to ask: Did he know about this? Care about it?
Could he explain it?

=20

For almost a year I attempted to get a response from the First Minister
but after much correspondence in this period I eventually gave up and
lodged Petition 1073 with the Public Petitions Committee (PPC). The
nearest I had got to an answer-which I was promised-to my three
questions from Mr. McConnell, was a statement from an official
purportedly speaking on his behalf, which explained the disproportion
away by stating that more RCs lived in slums in the West of Scotland. A
statement that there was no bias in the justice system accompanied this
explanation. As in the case of the statement for the Justice Minister in
2001, this defence was of an accusation that had not been made.=20

=20

Since lodging my e-petition there has been a fairly brisk discussion on
the PPC website about the petition and possible explanations for the
facts that spawned it. Many of the comments linked Catholicism and
Irishness and many of these were derogatory towards the Irish and
Catholics and had to be removed. It was also apparent that many critical
contributions in the discussion of the petition were anti-Irish and
anti-Catholic and blamed Catholic schools and the Catholic religion for
criminality.=20

=20

Of the more reasonable contributions, one contributor argued that
sectarian or tribal bias exists in social provision or judicial process
and must be expunged, another contributor argued that the possible cause
could be freemasonry which is "greatly present" in the criminal justice
system, and because freemasonry and the Catholic religion were opposed
to each other there might be a bias by those dispensing justice against
non-masons. Another maintained that freemasonry wasn't anti-Catholic.=20

=20

Two contributors in particular impressed me. The first a former Lord
Provost of Glasgow simply stated that he agreed that there was prejudice
in society against Catholics, and the second, from a prison inspector
living in England, who perceived that the disproportionate number of
Catholics in past years in goals in England was now being replaced by a
Muslim predomination. This contributor also had a perception that
anti-Irish and anti-Catholic residual prejudice was still present in
Scotland.

=20

This latter perception is supported by the fact that as recently as 2002
the Church of Scotland, (to their credit)-after over 100-years of
preaching, or condoning by silence, anti-Irish racism and anti-Catholic
bigotry-frankly and unreservedly apologized for their long history of
anti-Irish racist preaching, which they described as being akin to Enoch
Powell's "rivers of blood" speech.=20

=20

The March 2007 case2 of a Procurator Fiscal in Greenock who resigned
after using the word Fenian (derogatory reference to Irish/Irish
descended Catholics) in an offensive manner when drunk suggests that
residual anti-Irish/Catholic bigotry is alive and well in the legal
establishment. I am inclined to think that the disproportionate number
of RCs in Scottish prisons is in some way linked to such residual
anti-Irish and anti-Catholic prejudice as well as the influence of the
predominately non-Catholic freemasons whose members are present if not
prevalent in the police and the legal establishment.=20

=20

It is my perception, based on personal experience that there is a degree
of anti-Irish and anti-Catholic prejudice entrenched in Scottish
society. This is hardly surprising and is only to be expected when it
was part of the established view for so long. Perhaps this proposition
is what Mr. Findlay was alluding to in a cryptic way when he appeared to
simply blame the disproportionate number of RCs in prison on the Irish.=20

=20

It is hard to tell what Mr. Findlay means as he has two roles in life,
one as an advocate and one as a comedian/entertainer. Assuming it was
the barrister and not the buffoon that spoke to the Times reporter I can
only guess that Mr. Findlay was blaming residual anti-Irish
anti-Catholic prejudice for the disproportionate RC prison numbers-any
other interpretation of his remarks would surely be racist and if such
overt racism existed in the ranks of our senior barristers then we are
in trouble.

=20=20=20=20=20=20

Regardless of my perceptions, I trust that the PPC will ensure that the
new Scottish Government does not allow this unexplained stain on the
Scottish criminal justice system to remain ignored or simply swept under
the carpet as in the past. I would urge the PPC to recommend a full and
far-reaching investigation into this matter with no preconceptions or
limit of remit. And as a first step to ask the Justice Secretary in the
new Scottish Government for his comments on this issue.=20=20

=20

Yours sincerely, Tom Minogue. Petitioner.

=20

Note. 1 On 14th December 2005 a Faculty of Advocates Complaints
Committee consisting of 2 senior Q.C. and 2 Scottish Executive
Lay-members found Mr. Findlay guilty of bringing the Faculty into
disrepute in relation to my complaint.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: TOC IRISH POLITICAL STUDIES VOL 22; NUMBER 3; 2007
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IRISH POLITICAL STUDIES
VOL 22; NUMBER 3; 2007
ISSN 0790-7184

pp. 363-366
Commentary: Truth, Reconciliation and Political Accommodation.
Guelke, A.

pp. 367-381
The Northern Ireland Assembly Election 2007.
McEvoy, J.

pp. 383-393
Book Reviews.
Buchanan, S.; Graff, R.; Lynn, B.; Murphy, G.; Hart, P.; Reid, C.

pp. 265-285
'Europeanisation as Implementation': The Impact of the European Union on
Environmental Policy-making in Ireland.
O'Mahony, J.

pp. 287-301
Assessing the Level of the Political Mobilisation of the Unemployed in
Ireland from 1991 to 2005.
Royall, F. x.

pp. 303-320
'Preaching to the Choir?' An Analysis of DUP Discourses about the Northern
Ireland Peace Process.
Ganiel, G.

pp. 321-338
Attitudes towards a Truth Commission for Northern Ireland in Relation to
Party Political Affiliation.
Lundy, P.; McGovern, M.

pp. 339-361
Truth Cohabitation: A Truth Commission for Northern Ireland?.
Gawn, R.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Catholics in Scottish prisons
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Subject: RE: [IR-D] Catholics in Scottish prisons
Date: Wed, 3 Oct 2007 10:45:37 +0100
From: "Joan Allen"
To: "The Irish Diaspora Studies List"

And the reasons are...???=20


>-----Original Message-----
>From: The Irish Diaspora Studies List=20
>[mailto:IR-D[at]JISCMAIL.AC.UK] On Behalf Of Patrick O'Sullivan
>Sent: 02 October 2007 16:42
>To: IR-D[at]JISCMAIL.AC.UK
>Subject: [IR-D] Catholics in Scottish prisons
>
>From: "Joe Bradley"
>To: "The Irish Diaspora Studies List"
>
>Apologies for cross posting...
>
>I am forwarding this on behalf of Tom Minogue
>
>Background at...
>
>http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/business/petitions/docs/PE1073.htm
>
>Petition by Tom Minogue calling for the Scottish Parliament to=20
>investigate and establish the reasons for the apparently=20
>disproportionate number of Catholics in Scottish prisons.
>
>http://www.scottish.parliament.uk/business/petitions/pdfs/pe1073.pdf
>
>JB
>
>
>From Tom Minogue....
>
>Press release in lieu of 3-minute address in support of Public=20
>Petition to the Scottish Parliament PE 1073, to be considered=20
>by the Public Petitions Committee of the Parliament on Tuesday=20
>2nd October 2007 at 2pm in Committee Room 1.
>

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: TOC Contemporary Poetry Review, Louis MacNeice special issue
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The following item has been brought to our attention...

The Louis MacNiece Special Issue

Contemporary Poetry Review -- a special issue devoted to Louis MacNeice.

http://cprw.com/

> Ernest Hilbert introduces this special issue for Louis MacNeice
> Sunil Iyengar reviews the Bio and interviews Jon Stallworthy
> Maria Johnston delights at his new Collected Poems
> John Drexel provides MacNeice with a Classic Reading
> Katy Evans-Bush reads through MacNeice's Autumn Journal
> James Matthew Wilson enjoys Letters from Iceland
> CPR Recommends: The Best Books of 2006
> Letters to the Editor:

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Carmel McCaffrey
Subject: Re: On rugby and national anthems
In-Reply-To:
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The national anthem issue is causing something close to an identity
crisis for many fans - and those who are less than fans - of rugby. I
watched the match live on TV in Dublin and afterwards there were
comments even in the local shops among strangers about the "banned"
anthem. The Irish Rugby Union really should address this and come up
with something better than the limpid Ireland's Call. A respectful
silence would be better than that.

Carmel

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: On rugby and national anthems
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"Murray, Edmundo"

Semi apology from Frank McNally in yesterday' 'Irish Times'
To:

Some in the list may find interesting Frank McNally's article last =
Monday in
The Irish Times...=20

"Game over as Irish fighting spirit flies south for winter", and even =
more
interesting his semi-apologies of yesterday in In Irishman's Diary.

The Irish Times Monday, October 1, 2007 Game over as Irish fighting =
spirit
flies south for winter=20

Frank McNally in Paris
=20

In the event, we didn't even have to ask. The Rugby World Cup had been
embarrassing enough already without the spectre of Argentina crying for =
us.
Luckily, when the final whistle blew on Ireland's hopes last night, the
opposition was too busy having a Latin carnival to weep for anyone. It =
was
the close of a balmy day in the French capital. You had to remind =
yourself
that this was autumn and the swallows had already gone south. It was
somewhat less of a surprise that Ireland's World Cup chances had gone =
south
with them. Three weeks of deepening crisis had prepared us for the =
worst. In
winning by a 30-15 scoreline that didn't flatter them, the Argentinians =
just
put us out of our misery. The Irish fan sitting on the footpath outside
O'Sullivan's pub on the Boulevard Montmartre earlier in the afternoon =
had
the right idea. He had placed a plastic cup by his side with the notice =
:
"Pour l'=C3=A9quipe irlandaise - merci". There was some money in it too =
-
probably put there by French supporters who were depending on Ireland to
win, and save France from a quarter-final against the All-Blacks in =
Cardiff.
That was a dubious prize all right, and it was the best Ireland could =
hope
for if they achieved the tall order of beating Argentina with four tries =
and
a eight-point margin. In a triumph of optimism, yesterday's Le Parisien
talked of "le fighting spirit irlandais" that might just do the =
business.
But inside the Parc des Princes, the most conspicuous example of the
fighting Irish was a portrait of Che Guevara - his mother's people were =
from
Galway - on the tricolour of a bet-hedging fan. If national anthems are =
as
important as some people think, the wonder is that Argentina draw any
inspiration from theirs, which is like the soundtrack of a comic scene =
in an
opera. The much-maligned Ireland's Call sounds like the Marseillaise by
comparison, and was sung with something bordering passion. Indeed, in =
this
noisebox of a stadium where Ireland could never beat France, it was a =
rare
chance for Irish supporters to intimidate the opposition. But despite =
classy
tries by Brian O'Driscoll and Geordan Murphy, Ireland never looked like
winning, never mind winning in the required style. By the time Eddie
O'Sullivan was preparing to be philosophical in defeat, the French had
already mastered the trick. In a weekend when Fiji knocked out Wales, =
the
northern hemisphere's humiliation now sees Argentina hosting Scotland in
Paris, while the French must emigrate for the Christians V Lions clash.
Ireland, meanwhile, go home. For the "golden generation", it has been a
wretched World Cup. The promise of Croke Park in the springtime now =
looks
like a south sea bubble.

=C2=A9 2007 The Irish Times The Irish Times Monday, October 3, 2007 An
Irishman's Diary Frank McNally=20

=


I want to begin today by saying a big "thank you" to the people of =
Argentina
for all the e-mails you have sent me over the past 48 hours. Little did =
I
realise that The Irish Times was so widely read in Buenos Aires. And my
pride at the discovery is only slightly diminished by the abusive tone =
of
many of your comments - most of which concern my report on Sunday's =
rugby
match, in which I noted, inter alia , that the Argentinian anthem was =
"like
the soundtrack of a comic scene in an opera". I have not had time yet to
read all your e-mails; only the first 80 or so. But in answer to some of =
the
most common queries raised, no, I am not any of the following: (1) deaf; =
(2)
tone-deaf; (3) a Wagner enthusiast. Yes, I was disappointed by Ireland's
performances in France. But no, I have not been unhinged by grief. =
Indeed,
insofar as I understand it, I agree with the pithy verdict of one
correspondent, who confines himself to Spanish: "Lo que parece una =
escena
comica de una opera es el juego de Irlanda!!" On a separate issue =
mentioned
in my match report, yes Rodrigo - journalist from Buenos Aires - I know =
very
well that Che Guevara was Argentinian. I only said that his mother's =
people
were from Galway. In fact, I read the Motorcycle Diaries - his account =
of an
epic journey around South America - a while ago, and thoroughly enjoyed =
it.
One episode I recall from the book was a night he spent sleeping in a =
shed,
terrorised by thoughts of a puma that was said to be prowling the
neighbourhood. When the youthful revolutionary was woken in the early =
hours
by growling and saw two bright eyes peering at him, he grabbed his =
revolver
and shot what later proved to be his host family's pet dog. But it was =
an
understandable mistake. After two days of correspondence from =
Argentinian
rugby fans, I understand Che Guevara's nervousness about Pumas very =
well.
This reminds me: before going any further, I think I should say here =
that my
comments about the anthem were mistranslated. I'm not claiming it's =
true. I
just think I should say it, because it sounds good. Also it's a popular
tactic with foreign diplomats in Ireland whenever a speech lands them in
trouble. The second point I want to make to Argentinian readers is that =
I
was nearly as thrilled by Sunday's result as you were. To paraphrase =
your
anthem (the lyrics of which, in response to repeated urgings, I since =
looked
up): "I salute the great people of Argentina!" Not content with saluting
you, I embrace you too - albeit in a manly way (something the Irish =
defence
didn't do much on Sunday). My affection for your country extends to =
other
sporting codes. When Diego Maradona scored his famous second goal =
against
England in the 1986 World Cup, nobody cheered louder than I did. As an
occasion of joy, that event still ranks next only to the birth of my
children. I have a video of it on my mobile phone. Having said all of =
which,
I will now try to clarify my comments about the anthem, as suggested by =
one
of the more polite e-mails, from Alfredo Moreno. In clarifying, it may =
be
helpful to mention two other comments I received. The first was from =
Nicolas
Quinn (one of several correspondents with Irish surnames) who said: "At
least [ we] sing [ our] national anthem, not a pub song"; the other from
Christian Martin, who lampooned Ireland's Call thus: "Shoulder to =
shoulder,
you are going home, Paddies". This is the nub of the issue. My casual
verdict on the Argentinian anthem was made in the context of a debate =
here
about the politically correct anthem that our team now sings. There is a
school of thought - optimistic, it seems to me - that if the official =
anthem
was reinstated, it might inspire the players more - or at least the =
majority
who recognise it as theirs. In was in this light that I listened to the
Argentinian song and was struck by its jaunty tone. I was also struck by =
its
lengthy musical preamble, and the surprise twist when - just as one =
thinks
the tune is entirely instrumental - everybody starts singing. In both
respects, I failed to see how it could inspire passion in a team. I now
realise that what we heard was a heavily edited version of the anthem, =
which
in its entirety is said to be the world's longest. The complete song is =
not
so much a scene from the opera as an entire show. Indeed, it was adapted =
-
in the early 1800s - from a musical play, so the opera analogy was not =
far
off. I was also intrigued to read that, after initially refusing to =
rewrite
the music, the composer was imprisoned until he obliged. I don't know if
this is true (no doubt my Argentinian readers will tell me). But it's =
food
for thought. As part of the IRFU's review, the possibility of locking =
Phil
Coulter up while he redrafts Ireland's Call might at least be =
considered.
Anyway, people of Argentina, you have made abundantly clear how much =
your
anthem means, and you can stop writing to me now. I apologise for the
insult. And I give the last word to Josephine - an =
"Argentinian-Australian"
- who writes generously that, despite my comments, "We still like Irish
people". We like you too, Josephine, and we wish Argentina well for the =
rest
of the tournament. Vamos Pumas!

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Religion and Identity in Ireland ,
Institue of Irish Studies Regional Research Day, Saturday,
13th October 2007
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From: Power, Maria [mailto:M.C.Power[at]liverpool.ac.uk]=20
Subject: Institute of Irish Studies Regional Research Day

Dear All,=20
=A0
Please find attached the programme for the Institute of Irish Studies'
Regional Research Day on Saturday 13th October. The day will start at
10.30am and will be held in the Institute of Irish Studies, 1 Abercromby
Square, Liverpool.=20
=A0
Please forward this message to anyone you think may be interested.=20
=A0
Best wishes,
Maria Power
=A0
**************
Dr. Maria Power
Institute of Irish Studies,=20
University of Liverpool
+44 1517943602

Religion and Identity in Ireland=20

North-West Regional Research Day Programme
Saturday, 13th October 2007
Institute of Irish Studies, University of Liverpool


10.30am Coffee

11am Welcome by Professor Marianne Elliott, Director of the Institute of
Irish Studies.=20

11.15am Angela Duffy (University of Liverpool), =91The Converted =
Terrorist:
Kevin McGrady, Supergrass=92

11.45am Kevin McNamara, =91The MacBride Principles -- a Problem for the
Churches, Religious Discrimination in Employment in the North=92

12.15pm Ciaran O=92Neill (University of Liverpool), =91Confused?: =
Locating
Religion and Identity in William Patrick Kelly's Schoolboys Three'


12.45 Lunch


2pm Professor Alan Ford (University of Nottingham), 'Writing Irish =
Religious
History: Moving Beyond Sectarianism'

2.30pm Claire Nally (University of York), =91Yeats=92s =91fanatic =
heart=92: Secrecy,
Anti-Semitism and Occult Politics=92

3pm Tadgh O=92Sullivan (University of Liverpool), =91The 'Second =
Reformation'
and the Second Coming: Confessional and Ethnic Identities in Early
Nineteenth-century Ireland=92

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Book and DVD,
Projecting Migration: Transcultural Documentary Practice
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-----Original Message-----
Wallflower Press are pleased to announce news of=20
a special book/DVD=96Rom project:

Projecting Migration: Transcultural Documentary Practice

Edited by Alan Grossman and =C1ine O'Brien

224 pages 978-1-905674-04-6 =A329.95 (pbk + DVD-ROM)

Migration is one of the major political issues of=20
the current era and increasingly determines who=20
we are and how we define ourselves. Projecting=20
Migration: Transcultural Documentary Practice is=20
a groundbreaking book/DVD-ROM project that=20
explores migration in locations as varied as=20
Lebanon, Ireland, South Africa and the US/Mexico=20
border. Through its diverse collection of essays,=20
films, photography and audio recordings, the=20
project offers a dynamic, fresh approach. Each=20
essay is cross-referenced with DVD chapters of=20
original footage to provide unique practical=20
examples of ethnographic filmmaking, as well as=20
perspectives on the subject not usually portrayed in the media.

Thematically, the contributors address economic=20
and forced migration, border crossings,=20
uprootings, diasporic history & memory, migration=20
& childhood, the transnational family,=20
post-conflict landscapes, migrant youth culture=20
and photographic archives of migration. This=20
cross-media collection - created in collaboration=20
with the Centre for Transcultural Research and=20
Media Practice at the Dublin Institute of=20
Technology - marks a major transdisciplinary=20
contribution to contemporary debates on migration.

About the editors

Alan Grossman is a Senior Lecturer in=20
Ethnographic Media Production, Centre for=20
Transcultural Research and Media Practice, Dublin=20
Institute for Technology. His work has been=20
published in numerous journals including the=20
Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies and Space and Culture .

=C1ine O'Brien is a Senior Lecturer and Director of=20
the Centre for Transcultural Research and=20
Practice, Dublin Institute for Technology and the=20
Forum on Migration Studies (FOMACS). Her work has=20
been published in South Atlantic Quarterly, New=20
Formations and the Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies.

Both are documentary filmmakers who have=20
co-directed Silent Song, Here to Stay (2006) and Unrest (2008).
To order review copies of the book, please e-mail=20
eleanor[at]wallflowerpress.co.uk. To buy the book,=20
please e-mail info[at]wallflowerpress.co.uk . All=20
postage & packaging is free within the UK.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: TOC Dublin Review of Books Vol 3
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The September Dublin Review of Books, drb, is now up at www.drb.ie

Welcome to the Dublin Review of Books, a free quarterly online journal =
whose
main object is the publication of clear and thoughtful analysis based on
recently published books.


Contents.=20
Cold Warrior=20
Judith Devlin:
Stalin=92s Ruthless Fight for Survival=20

Those Crazy Turks=20
Nicholas Birch:
History of a Hero Nation=20

North West Passage=20
John McAuliffe:
Louis MacNeice=92s Poetry=20

Small State, Big World=20
John Bradley:
Reflections on Irish Economic Development=20

The Best Circles=20
Donncha =D3 Muirithe:
Cycling and Society in Victorian Ireland=20

To Aran or Isfahan=20
Paul O=92Brien:
Cees Nooteboom: A Nomadic Life=20

The King Of Lost Causes=20
Peter Brooke:
British Labour=92s Grand Old Man=20

A Queer Sort=20
Kristin Anderson:
The Strange Semi-Obscurity of James Hanley=20

Destroyed by Art=20
Susan Lanigan:
Sylvia Plath, Ted Hughes and Assia Wevill=20

Too Much Too Soon=20
Angela Long:
Fictionalising 9/11=20

Praise for the Microphone=20
Evelyn Conlon:
Interpreting Irish Women Writers=20

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Book Announced, Enda Delaney, The Irish in Post-War Britain
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Enda Delaney's new book about the Irish in Britain is now available...

Essential...

P.O'S.

The Irish in Post-War Britain

Enda Delaney

Price: =A355.00 (Hardback)
ISBN-13: 978-0-19-927667-7
Publication date: 20 September 2007
242 pages, 216x138 mm
=09
Description

* A major new history of Britain's largest migrant group after 1945
* Examines the Irish experience within the context of the rapid =
changes
occurring within post-war British Society
* An original study based on an extensive range of new source =
materials

Exploring the neglected history of Britain's largest migrant population,
this new major historical study looks at the Irish in Britain after =
1945. It
reconstructs the histories of the lost generation who left independent
Ireland in huge numbers to settle in Britain from the 1940s until the =
1960s.
Drawing on a wide range of previously neglected materials, Enda Delaney
illustrates the complex process of negotiation and renegotiation that =
was
involved in adapting and adjusting to life in Britain. Less visible than
other newcomers, it is widely assumed that the Irish assimilated with
relative ease shortly after arrival. The Irish in Post-war Britain
challenges this view, and shows that the Irish often perceived =
themselves to
be outsiders, located on the margins of this their adopted home. Many
contemporaries frequently lumped all the Irish together as all being
essentially the same, but Delaney argues the experiences of Britain's =
Irish
population after the Second World War were much more diverse than =
previously
assumed, and shaped by social class, geography and gender as well as
nationality.

This book's original approach demonstrates that any understanding of a
migrant group must take account of both elements of the society that =
they
had left, as well as the social landscape of their new country. =
Proximity
ensured that even though these people had left Ireland, home as an =
imagined
sense of place was never far away in the minds of those who had settled =
in
Britain.

Readership: Scholars and students of twentieth-century British history,
immigration and ethnicity.

Contents
Introduction
1. Leaving Home
2. In A Strange Land
3. People and Places
4. Cultures of Adjustment
5. A Sense of Self


Enda Delaney, Lecturer in British and Irish History, University of =
Edinburgh


http://www.oup.com/uk/catalogue/?ci=3D9780199276677

http://www.oup.co.uk/

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Lecture, RIA, Dublin,
Languages in the Global Age: Opportunities and Threats
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The President of the Royal Irish Academy
requests the pleasure of your company at a discourse


"Languages in the Global Age: Opportunities and Threats"

by

Professor Richard Johnstone
Emeritus Professor of Education, University of Stirling,
Former Director of the Scottish Centre for Information on
Language Teaching and Research (CILT).

in Academy House

on Monday, 15 October 2007 at 6 p.m.

Academy House To reserve a place please
19 Dawson Street phone: 01 676 2570 Ext 234
Dublin 2 email: johnstonediscourse[at]ria.ie



Professor Richard Johnstone

Summary and CV

Professor Johnstone's talk will be set against the background of major
developments in society such as globalisation, the enlargement of the
European Union, large-scale in-migration of different ethnic-linguistic
communities, and localisation. It will refer particularly to the
sociolinguistic context of the UK and the Republic of Ireland where English
is by far the dominant language and where there can be consequent problems
of motivation for learning any other language, whether of the modern foreign
(e.g. French), the heritage (e.g. Gaelic) or the community (e.g. Cantonese)
variety.

Four types of factor will be discussed which influence the success or
otherwise of languages policy and practice.

These are: 1) societal factors such as public attitudes to particular
languages and their speakers; amount of out-of-school exposure to a
particular target language; political will; 2) provision factors such as
amount and distribution of time made available; levels and quality of
teacher supply, training and professional development; provision of funds
for innovation, research and evaluation; 3) process factors, especially
processes of teaching, learning, evaluation and management; and 4)
individual factors such as attitudes, motivation, socio-economic status,
first language, ethnicity, gender and many others.

These factors interact with each other in complex ways and influence the
many different sorts of outcome which may be intended for the teaching of
additional languages which can range from an individual learner's
attainments, proficiency, intercultural competence and
educational/vocational mobility, to an institution's ethos, uptake and
examination attainments, and can even include a society's capacity to
maintain and revitalise an endangered language. There will be a particular
focus on the role that national policies might play in enabling individuals
and groups whose main language is English to become citizens of a
multilingual world.

Richard Johnstone OBE is Emeritus Professor at the University of Stirling,
where he recently retired from his post as Director of the Scottish Centre
for Information on Language Teaching & Research. He has directed a large
number of research projects funded by the Scottish government, the European
Commission and other bodies in the area of languages in education and other
domains such as business. These have covered modern foreign languages,
heritage languages (such as Gaelic and Scots), community languages (such as
Urdu and Cantonese) and English as a second or foreign language. Although
retired from full-time employment, his current funded research projects
include the evaluation of the UK's first initiative on early immersion in
French (from age 5 at primary school), the evaluation of a
nationally-sponsored initiative designed to create a virtual community of
language-learners in the upper secondary school, and the independent
evaluation of the early bilingual education project of the Ministry of
Education in Spain and the British Council which takes place in ten of
Spain's Autonomous Regions. He has given plenary talks at conferences in
many countries across the world. His publications include an annual review
of the international research on the teaching and learning of additional
languages, published by the Cambridge University Press, and a paper
commissioned by the Council of Europe on the age factor in language
learning, published in their Languages Policy series. Recently, he was a
member of the Council of Europe expert team which visited the Republic of
Ireland in order to participate in a collaborative review with the Irish
authorities on languages policy, provision and practice in Ireland.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Book announced, "Survivor" - Representations of the "New Irish"
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This book of poems and Paintings will interest Ir-D members...

I have pasted in below the Introduction by Colum McCann, and =
R=C9AMHCHOGAR by
Gabriel Rosenstock. Plus information from the publisher web site...

Patrick O'Sullivan



Title: =93Survivor=94 =96 Representations of the =93New Irish=94: =
D=FAchas D=F3chasach=20
Author: Michael Hayes (poems) and Jean Ryan Hakizimana (paintings)
Date of Publication: 2007
UK: Cambridge Scholars Publishing=20
ISBN: 9781847181343

http://www.c-s-p.org/Flyers/-Survivor--%E2%80%93-Representations-of-the--=
New
-Irish---D%C3%BAchas-D%C3%B3chasach.htm


Preface in English by Colum McCann =96 Preface in Irish by Gabriel =
Rosenstock
Poems by Michael Hayes.=20
D=E1nta Aistrithe go Gaeilge ag/Poems translated into Irish by some of
Ireland=92s leading Irish-language writers including: Gabriel =
Rosenstock, Colm
Breathnach, =C1ine N=ED Ghlinn, Dairena N=ED Chinn=E9ide and Se=E1n Mac =
Math=FAna



INTRODUCTION
by Colum McCann

So this, then, is what it means to be a person of two countries: at =
times
you have your hands plunged deep in the dark of two empty pockets, and,
then, at times, what you can create from that supposed emptiness is full =
of
spark, wordchant, colour, hope.=A0=20

In this work, Michael Hayes and Jean Ryan Hakizimana manage, in a =
unique,
brilliant way, to capture the ambiguity of otherness, of exile, of =
loss.=A0=20

One of the functions of memory is to depict =96 and therefore to make as =
if
continually present =96 that which is gone.=A0 We learn to make up for =
what is
lost.=A0 And yet while we are making up for what is lost, we continually =
move
forward.=A0=A0 Foot.=A0 Plane.=A0 Ferry.=A0 Train.=A0 All forward =
movement is prompted
by hope.=A0 One is abandoned to the new and yet there remains a sense =
that
things will change, will curve, will bend, that things have light.=A0=20

It=92s a startling new Ireland, but why shouldn=92t it be?=A0 I myself =
left the
best part of twenty years ago and the finest thing about coming home is =
the
rawness and the newness.=A0 I dislike what has been lost, but why whine =
about
it?=A0 Why hold tight to the past when we have this sort of =
future?=A0=A0=20

And so the new Irish =96 mingled with the old Irish =96 return.=A0 We =
with our
vagrant voices, we with another word for many things, we whose accent
displaces the music somewhat, we who sometimes look around us as if =
we=92re
searching for second shoe of a pair, we who sometimes think that the =
only
home we have is our names, we come back, we arrive.=A0 It is not so much =
the
other, as another.=A0=20

I am amazed and delighted by this book, by all it does, by all it =
wants.=A0 We
who return, or we who arrive, might not know the bladder-wrack from the
cake, as Michael Hayes suggests, and we might even feel the moon rolling
across our foreheads, but in any case it always comes back to =
survival.=A0=20

Let=92s not be entirely nostalgic, though.=A0 One might wish we =
wouldn=92t even
need the notion of survival in order to thrive.=A0=A0 And yet the future =
grows
around us still.=A0 It is a pure pleasure to be involved, in whatever =
small
way, in this dolmen-shield of a book.=A0=20

Colum McCann (New York)


R=C9AMHCHOGAR
by Gabriel Rosenstock

Deirtear m=E1 th=E9ann t=FA s=E1ch fada siar nach anseo a bh=EDomar in =
aon chor, is =E9
sin le r=E1 gur suite gar don Mhe=E1nchiorcal a bh=ED =C9ire. M=E1 =
th=F3g s=E9 na milli=FAin
bliain orainn, nach cuma; seo ar ais ar=EDs sinn sa d=FAiche fhairsing =
sin!

N=ED ag na Gaeil amh=E1in at=E1 na seanfhocail, na sc=E9alta is an ceol. =
N=ED beo do
chine ar bith ina n-=E9agmais. Saibhreas is ea iad, saibhreas le roinnt =
ar a
ch=E9ile. T=E1 saibhreas sa leabhar seo agus t=E1 saibhreas le f=E1il as =
=E9 a roinnt.

I ndeireadh na d=E1la, n=EDl ach cine amh=E1in ann agus sin an cine =
daonna. Is =E9
an cro=ED c=E9anna a bhuaileann in ucht an uile dhuine againn, an cro=ED =
a
thuigeann cad is uaigneas ann, cad is ceol ann, cad is rithim ann, cad =
is
f=EDrinne ann, cad is gr=E1 ann. Oscail an leabhar aoibhinn seo. Oscail =
do
chro=ED!

Gabriel Rosenstock (Baile =C1tha Clilath, Dublin)


This book is a window on a new aspect of the Irish experience. It is one
small thread in the multicultural tapestry that is Ireland today. The =
Irish
emigrant experience of old is a fading memory but as the poems and =
paintings
in this volume attest to, the experiences that are exile and renewal =
remain
as perennial as human nature itself. We, who were once shoeless, now =
search
bewildered for the second and third pair - so that we can tap the new =
rhythm
and dance the new dance. I ndeireadh na d=E1la, n=EDl ach cine amh=E1in =
ann agus
sin an cine daonna.

Author=20
Dr. Michael Hayes works as a Lecturer (part-time) at the University of
Limerick where he lectures on a number of English, History, and =
Comparative
Literature courses incorporating Traveller, Roma and Migration Studies. =
He
has published many books about the postcolonial literature and cultural
history of a number of different (traditionally nomadic) groups within =
the
Irish Traveller minority.


Artist
Jean =93Ryan=94 Hakizimana is a 30-year-old artist. Born in Rwanda, his =
parents
were Burundian - his father a Hutu and his mother a Tutsi. In 1993, a =
bloody
ethnic conflict erupted in Burundi where extremists in both the Tutsi =
and
Hutu communities began killing one another. Many thousands of people =
were
murdered including all of Jean Ryan=92s immediate family. In 1999, after =
a
number of years spent moving from one refugee camp to another, he =
managed
the long journey to Ireland. Jean Ryan uses his paintings to tell the =
story
of his troubled past and the difficulties experienced by asylum-seekers
throughout the world. He has published a book about his experiences -
Postcolonial Identities: Constructing the =93New Irish=94 Cambridge =
Scholars
Publishing, UK (2006)

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: TOC IRISH HISTORICAL STUDIES NUMB 139; 2007
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As ever, a packed issue of IHS...

I find myself linking the article by Joost Augusteijn - which widens the
path first trod by David Fitzpatrick and Peter Hart - and the Review article
by Matthew Kelly...

Matthew Kelly looks at Owen McGee's book, The IRB, and David Fitzpatrick's
Harry Boland. And covers, in a little detail, the Comerford/Newsinger
debates (see earlier Ir-D discussion) on 'patriotism as pastime...'

P.O'S.


IRISH HISTORICAL STUDIES
NUMB 139; 2007
ISSN 0021-1214

pp. 265-288
Ireland in Europe: Paolo Giovio's Descriptio `(1548).
Harris, J.

pp. 289-310
Bishop Francis Hutchinson (1660-1739): a case study in the
eighteenth-century culture of improvement.
Sneddon, A.

pp. 311-326
Co-operation, compromise and confrontation: the Universal News, 1860-69.
McNicholas, A.

pp. 327-344
Accounting for the emergence of violent activism among Irish
revolutionaries, 1916-21.
Augusteijn, J.

pp. 345-364
Venereal disease in the Irish Free State: the politics of public health.
Riordan, S.

pp. 365-379
Select document: Ormond's civic entry into Kilkenny, 29/31 August 1646.
Fletcher, A. J.

pp. 380-384
Review article: Faith in fraternity: new perspectives on the Irish
Republican Brotherhood.
Kelly, M.

pp. 385-388
Major accessions to repositories relating to Irish history, 2005.

p. 389
Trim. By Mark Hennessy. Derry-Londonderry. By Avril Thomas. (Irish Historic
Towns Atlas, ed. Anngret Sims,H. B. Clarke and Raymond Gillespie, nos
14-15).
Graham, B.

pp. 390-391
Ireland, England and the Continent in the middle ages and beyond: essays in
memory of a turbulent friar, F. X. Martin, Edited by Howard B.Clarke and J.
R. S. Phillips.
Robinson-Hammerstein, H.

p. 392
A history of the black death in Ireland. By Maria Kelly.
Staunton, M.

pp. 393-394
The earldom of Desmond, 1463-1583: the decline and crisis of a feudal
lordship. By Anthony McConnack.
Edwards, D.

pp. 395-396
Religion and reformation in the Tudor diocese of Meath. By Brendan Scott. By
Brendan Scott.
Jefferies, H. A.

pp. 397-398
`Civilizing' Gaeuc Leinster: the extension of Tudor rule in the O'Byrne and
O'Toole lordships. By Christopher Maginn.
Lennon, C.

pp. 399-400
The pastoral role of the Roman Catholic church in pre-Famine Ireland,
1750-1850. By Emmet Larkin.
Yates, N.

p. 401
The land and people of County Meath, 1750-1850. By Peter Connell.
Gurrin, B.

pp. 402-403
Dublin 1745-1922: hospitals, spectacle and vice. By Gary A. Boyd.
Gorey, P. M.

p. 404
From union to union: nationalism. Democracy and religion in Ireland - Act of
Union to E.U. By Brian Girvin.
Martin, P.

p. 405
Ireland's Great Famine: interdisciplinary perspectives.. By Cormac O Grada.
Kinealy, C.

pp. 406-407
Landlords, tenants, famine: the business of an Irish land agency in the
1840s. by Desmond Norton.
Moran, G.

p. 408
Politics and the Irish working class, 830-1945. Edited by Fintan Lane and
Donal O'Drisceoil.
Puirseil, N.

p. 409
Wigs and guns: Irish barristers in the Great War. By Anthony P. Quinn.
Jeffery, K.

pp. 410-411
Irish-American diaspora nationalism: the Friends of Irish Freedom,
1916-1935. By Michael Doorley.
Kenny, K.

p. 412
The politics of the Irish Civil War. By Bill Kissane.
Augustein, J.

p. 413
That day's struggle: a memoir, 1904-1951. By Sean MacBride. Edited by
Caitriona Lawlor.
McMahon, D.

pp. 414-416
Medieval Celtic literature and society. Edited by Helen Fulton.
Smith, B.

p. 417
Vita Griffini filii Conani: the medieval Latin Life of Gruffudd ap Cynan.
Edited and translated by Paul Russell.
Harris, J.

pp. 418-420
Surveying Ireland's past: multidisciplinary essays in honour of Anngret
Simms. Edited by Howard B. Clarke, Jacinta Prunty and Mark Hennessy.
Stout, M.

p. 421
The command of the ocean: a naval history of Britain. By N. A. M. Rodger.
Black, J.

pp. 422-424
Victorian churches and churchmen: essays presented to Vincent Allan
McClellan. Edited by Sheridan Gilley.
Barr, C.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: "Murray, Edmundo"
Subject: Ireland's future depends on diaspora's 'soft power' by David
McWilliams
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Ireland's future depends on diaspora's 'soft power'
October 3rd, 2007 , Topics: The Generation Game, Irish Independent,
Celtic Tiger=20

http://www.davidmcwilliams.ie/2007/10/03/irelands-future-depends-on-dias
poras-soft-power

You were a crap player and you are a crap manager. The only reason I
have any dealings with you is that somehow you are the manager of my
country and you're not even Irish, you English c**t."

Allegedly, with that parting shot, Roy Keane walked out of the Irish
team at Saipan in 2002.

But Roy had used the word that can never be spoken in polite society. He
used the E-word. He called Mick McCarthy 'English' and in so doing,
opened up the debate about what constitutes an Irishman.

Is it enough to have Irish blood or do you have to be born here? What
about those who live in an Irish area of Queens or London, have Irish
parents and relations, feel themselves to be Irish, sing 'The Fields of
Athenry' yet sound Scouse, Bostonian, Cape-Townian, Cockney or Canadian?

Is the Diaspora truly Irish? Have we, the Irish born here, forgotten
that these people are the Irish footprint around the world?

The best Irish football teams, the most successful ones, were those in
the Charlton era who represented a widest-possible definition of
Irishness. At the time many soccer commentators lamented the fact that
there were so many of what was termed derogatorily 'PlasticPaddies' on
the team.

But these men were the demographic echo of the 500,000 Irish emigrants
who left for Britain from 1949-1961. The Kevin Sheedys, Ray Houghtons
and John Sheridans were the sons of men and women who were driven out by
de Valera's economic nationalism. They pulled on the jersey and, as far
as we were concerned, they were as Irish as anyone else

The sons of exiles added enormously to the potential of the team, giving
it options and talents that we would not otherwise have had. This was a
post-nationalist, national soccer team, the very essence of
globalisation.

Now think about the potential economic impact of the Irish Diaspora.
This is one thing we have that so few other countries have. This is our
biggest and most unique resource and yet we don't appreciate its value.

The key to economic success in the future is to invest in people and
brain power rather than property. In the years ahead the countries with
the best networks, contacts and brains will win. This is termed "soft
power" and the key to soft power is people.

In the Diaspora we not only have the people, but we have a ready made
global network of talent. It is before our very eyes and yet we don't
see it.

So for example, JFK - the most famous Irish-American of all - would not
be eligible for an Irish passport under our present laws. This makes no
economic or historical sense.

Many of us are, if not hostile, not particularly welcoming to the exiles
but all our great-grandparents are from the same root. And as Jack
Charlton revealed they are our secret weapon.

Now, four generations after the Famine, it could well be that the
history and culture of the Irish people, one of the world's great clans,
is about to fuse with the demands of the Irish State to ensure that we
remain one of the world's most successful economic jurisdictions. This
is the next part of the Irish story: a 21st-century economic narrative
conceived in the demographics of 19th-century emigration.

Sheila and Eileen Geoghegan turned up at the Irish Embassy in Buenos
Aires in 2002, just months after the collapse of the Argentinian
economy. The sisters, aged 18 and 20, wanted to claim Irish citizenship
through their great-grandparents. They wanted to come home.

Sheila and Eileen have Irish blood on both sides going back to their
eight great-grandparents. As far as they are concerned, Ireland is their
homeland. They can trace their ancestors back to Co Westmeath. English
is their first language. They were taught by Irish nuns and priests.
Their parents still speak with Midlands accents. They are part of a
500,000-strong Irish Argentinian population.

Yet these sisters were refused entry visas. They were one generation too
late. Had their grandparents been born here, they would have qualified,
but as their grandmother, Mabel Ryan, who speaks with a flat Mullingar
accent, was born in Argentina, the family were not Irish enough.

We refused entry to two young women, educated, sophisticated, willing to
work, with invaluable ties to Latin America, fluent in the
second-most-widespread language in the world and, most crucially,
committed emotionally to Ireland. If brain power is soft power, then
surely this refusal makes no sense.

These are the people who keep the Irish flag flying in the remotest
parts of the world, the people who suffered most under our colonial
past, who sent money home to Ireland when we hadn't a bean and who took
other destitute Irish into their communities when wave after wave
arrived on the docks in Argentina. They are emotionally drawn to us,
they are our history and yet modern Ireland gives them the cold
shoulder.

It is time to see the island of Ireland in the 21st century as the
cradle of a global nation.

This nation extends all over the world, gelled together by the shared
experience of previous generations.

We should institute a "right of return" policy and extend citizenship to
people of Irish decent, extending beyond the present cut off point of
two generations.

This would create a strong bond between the tribe and the mother
country. The exiles could boost our labour force and in the new, soft
world, their brains are invaluable.

There is a feather-light economic army of grey matter and these people
could be at our disposal. All we have to do is imagine a New Hibernia.

It is time now to focus on the future rather than our endemic obsession
with the next few months. We need, once more, to re-imagine Ireland and
to use all the resources at our disposal to take advantage of the new
globalised world.

In a sense, we need a post-nationalist, national project.

Not only does embracing the Diaspora make sense from a future economic
perspective, it is also the right thing to do.

For years Ireland survived on emigrants' remittances. The Irish
balance-of-payments figures in the 1930s, 1940s, 1950s and into the
late-1960s, reveal that the cash inflow from emigrants sending money
home kept this country afloat. It is only right that we repay the
children of these people who gave so much to us while in exile. In
addition, embracing the prodigal sons would be a true sign of Irish
economic success and maturity.

As the returning Jews have done in Israel - who extend citizenship to
every Jewish person around the world - the returning Irish exiles would
inject vibrancy and enthusiasm into both our contemporary and
traditional culture while at the same time opening up economic
opportunities all over the world.

Anything that makes the tribe stronger makes the homeland stronger. In
time the relationship becomes symbiotic.

Internationally, we would be pushing on an open door because, unlike the
Israelis, we have no enemies. We are neutral, we didn't take anyone's
land and we didn't invade anyone's country.

Who could object to the Irish State seeking to look after the global
Irish tribe who supported us for so long? This idea threatens no-one.
Our present EU commitments mean that the door would still be open to
European workers. It is not an "either/or idea".

If we do this, globalisation could be the golden era of the Irish. We
can turn our historical defeat into a future victory.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Ireland's future depends on diaspora
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To: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: "Mulligan, Adrian Neil Dr."
Subject: Re: [IR-D] Ireland's future depends on diaspora's 'soft power'
by David McWilliams

Dear fellow IR-D members,

With regards the article 'Ireland's future depends on diaspora's 'soft
power'...

I'm all for re-narrating narratives of Irishness, in an attempt to forge a
(post?)national identity -but it is one which I hope will be less
ethnically exclusive, and I'm just not so sure that reaching out to the
Irish Diaspora -whose Irishness we still conceptualize as being based upon
blood, is necessarily the right answer to whatever problems we reckon we're
having in Ireland. Certainly, economically, the Irish diaspora have played
a crucial role, but embracing them socially and politically, how's that
going to move us forward?

As an Irish citizen myself, born outside of Ireland, trust me -I
continually struggle with my identity crisis, and I sympathize with the
Argentinean economic migrants who wish to return to the land of their
ancestors. BUT -the questions I believe we should be asking are 'Why
aren't the Nigerian Irish for example, born in Dublin, considered Irish?'
AND 'How do we forge a more multicultural Irish nationalism that would
properly include them?' I think this is a much better direction -rather
than continuing to promote an organic primordial 'tribal' sense of
Irishness, which only further alienates these migrants who are an integral
part of modern Ireland

Just some thoughts...

Adrian



Dr. Adrian N. Mulligan
Department of Geography
Bucknell University
Lewisburg, PA 17837

(001)(570)577-1949