From: Patrick Maume
Subject: Re: Ir-D A.M.Sullivan

From: Patrick Maume
"Sandy" is presumably an abbreviation of AM Sullivan's first name
Alexander, and would be generally understood as a derogatory reference
to him (e.g. in the same way that American conservatives sometimes
refer to President Clinton as "Billy").
The usual Fenian derogatory nickname for AM Sullivan was " Goulah" -
The informer who betrayed O'Donovan Rossa's Phoenix Society was called
"Goulah" Sullivan. James Stephens applied the nickname to Sullivan
after Sullivan criticised the Fenians in the NATION and the Fenians
responded by accusing Sullivan of "felon-setting" (i.e. denouncing
opponents in public in order to draw the authorities' attention to
their activities and bring about their arrest).
Alfred Webb's autobiography (recently partially published by
Marie-LOuise Legg as part of the David Fitzpatrick/Cork University
Press "Narratives" series) has some interesting comments on AM
Sullivan and his brothers.
Best wishes,
Patrick maume

On Thu, 26 Jan 2000 15:53:09 +0000 irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk
wrote:

> From:irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk> Date: Thu, 26 Jan 2000 15:53:09
+0000
> Subject: Ir-D A.M.Sullivan
> To: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk
>
>
> From: Anthony McNicholas
> [mailto:anthonymcnicholas[at]uwmin.freeserve.co.uk]
>
>
>
> Dear Ir-D list,
>
> I have a query about AM Sullivan, (1830-1884), brother of TD
Sullivan
> (1827-1914) and father of AM Sullivan junior (1871-1959). He was
the
> proprietor and editor of the Nation, which in the 1860s was the
voice of
> constitutional nationalism and a fierce opponent of fenianism.
>
> Does anyone know whether AM Sullivan was ever given the nickname
'Sandy'?
> I have come across an accusation from an editor of a
> London Fenian paper that another editor called Sandy was in the pay
of the
> government. That is the kind of accusation levelled at Sullivan by
> Fenians. I have other reasons for thinking it was Sullivan, but
would
> like to know. The truth or otherwise of the accusation is another
matter
> entirely - everyone accused everyone else of treachery at the time.
Equally,
> if Sandy was not Sullivan, I would be keen to know who that was?
>
> Thanking all Irish media history trivia specialists in advance,
>
> Anthony McNicholas
>
>

From: Cymru66[at]aol.com
Subject: Re: Ir-D Irish in Britain 2

I think that Dr. Morgan's latest letter is a valuable contribution to the
ongoing research into the ' Irish in Britain' and have printed it off.
May I ask a favour? Can we please stop referring to 'Shanty Irish'. The
term is not only demeaning but also categorising and gets in the way of
research into a fluid process of what may be integration and adjustment.
We've managed to get rid of the term 'ghetto' as a description of the Irish
settlements in Britain and I think 'shanty' should go the same way.
Thanks,
John Hickey

Forwarded on behalf of the Immigration History Research Center...

Subject: Race, Ethnicity and Migration: the USA in a
Global Context, Minneapolis 11/16-18/2000 (due 3/1/2000)


Race, Ethnicity and Migration: the United States in a Global Context
A conference cosponsored by the REM Seminar and the Immigration & Ethnic
History Society
November 16 - 18, 2000 at the University of Minnesota, Twin Cities campus

As we enter the new millennium, issues of race and ethnicity remain vibrant
and contentious in the United States and virtually everywhere else in the
world. Migration, past and present, is a key to understanding the
diversity and the dynamic pluralism of the United States of America. In
Europe, nation-states that once considered themselves ethnically
homogeneous now encompass increasingly diverse and self-conscious
population groups. In Asia, Africa, and Latin America migration flows,
voluntary and forced, have intensified as the web of global economic,
social, cultural, and political linkages grow tighter. Ethnic and racial
conflict, sometimes of a quite systematic and deadly kind, seems almost
commonplace all over the world.

In the United States, questions of race, ethnicity, and changing
demographics have long been at the heart of political and academic
discourse concerning the past, present, and future of American society.
In the last twenty years, these topics have also become fixed features of
intellectual and policy debates in many other countries. The Race,
Ethnicity, and Migration Conference intends to bring together scholars who
work on the United States and other parts of the world for comparative and
interdisciplinary discussions on race, ethnicity, and migration in
communities, past and present. The conference seeks to address the urgent
need for a more comprehensive and transnational research agenda. Proposals
are welcome from advanced graduate students, junior and senior scholars,
and independent scholars. Proposals should include an abstract of each
paper. Proposals for full panels, roundtables, interactive arts
presentations, or performances are encouraged. Preference will be given to
submissions which include the work of graduate students, which cross
national boundaries by engaging in comparative or transnational work or by
presenting material on racial and ethnic formation outside of the U.S., and
which transcend single disciplinary boundaries. We encourage submissions on
a range of relevant topics including, but not limited to:

Diaspora and diasporic identities
Genocide, ethnic cleansing, and forced migration
Gender, race, and migration
Comparative migrations
Political economies of migration
Politics of difference/Politics of otherness
Refugee migration
Creating and enforcing borders
Migration: Theatrical performances and literary texts
Labor and migration
Identity: Nationalism and transnationalism
Technology, migration, and cyberspace
Race and transnational radicalisms
Language, religion, and the racialization of immigrants
Migration and the (re)learning of race
State-determined identity and citizenship: documenting the immigrant
Migration and film
Race, migration, and law
Representations of immigrants and performances of identity
Linking the global and the local
Migration and cultural diffusion
(Re)imagined communities
Transnationalism and globalization
Teaching migration
Migrant families: Intergenerational issues
The rights of migrants (health care, education, and housing)

Deadline for submissions: March 1, 2000
Send materials to: REM Conference
Immigration History Research Center
826 Berry St.
St. Paul, MN 55114


The REM Seminar is a project of the Immigration History Research Center and
the Program in American Studies and is funded by a grant from the U of MN
Graduate School's New Initiatives in Interdisciplinary Research and
Post-Baccalaureate Education.

The purpose of IEHS (Immigration and Ethnic History Society) is to promote
the study of the history of immigration to the United States and Canada
from all parts of the world and serves the field of immigration-ethnic
history with special reference to professional scholarship.
http://www.balchinstitute.org/iehs/index.html

For further information, please e-mail inquiries to rem[at]tc.umn.edu, or call
(612) 627-4208.

Seminar on Race, Ethnicity, and Migration
University of Minnesota, Twin Cities
Immigration History Research Center
826 Berry Street
St. Paul, MN 55114
rem[at]tc.umn.edu

Forwarded on behalf of Petra Chu, President, Association of Historians of
Nineteenth-Century Art
(AHNCA)


Sender: Petra T Chu
To: All Who are Interested in Nineteenth-Century Art and Culture

From: Petra Chu, President, Association of Historians of Nineteenth-Century Art
(AHNCA)

The Executive Committee of AHNCA, an affiliate society of the College Art
Association, is pleased to inform you that we may have found a publisher
interested in publishing, in conjunction with AHNCA, a journal called
Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide, provided sufficient interest exists. A general
description of the journal is found below.

Through the attached questionnaire, we are polling all those who love the
nineteenth century to determine their interest in the journal, which will appear
twice yearly in issues of 180 pages each with 8 pages of color and any number of
high-quality b/w half tones. This questionnaire also serves to canvas you for
possible scholarly contributions.

The journal will be offered at a very much reduced subscription rate of $ 30 to
AHNCA members. AHNCA membership (regular $ 20; students $ 15 entitles you to two
newsletters yearly; the option to subscribe to the AHNCA listserv; and a yearly
updated membership directory. AHNCA also sponsors two sessions at the College
Art Association Meeting each year; and intends to sponsor or co-sponsor
scholarly colloquia starting this year. For more information on AHNCA, see our
website at www.inform.umd.edu/ARTH/ahnca.

For additional questions, e-mail Petra Chu at Chupetra[at]shu.edu. Or call me at
973-762-0493.

Following you will find a description of the journal and the questionnaire.

With kind regards,

Petra Chu
AHNCA President


------------------------------------------------------------------------------

NINETEENTH-CENTURY ART WORLDWIDE:
A Journal of Nineteenth-Century Visual Culture

Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide is a scholarly, refereed journal devoted to
the study of nineteenth-century painting, sculpture, graphic arts,
photography, architecture, and decorative arts across the globe. Open to
various historical and theoretical approaches, it encourages contributions
that reach across national boundaries and illuminate intercultural contact
zones. The chronological scope of the journal is the "long" nineteenth
century, stretching from the American and French Revolutions, at one end, to
the outbreak of World War I, at the other.

Since the nineteenth century represents the beginning of the formation of a
"global culture," the journal covers the visual culture of all parts of the
world--from the Americas to the Far East and from Scandinavia to Africa and
Australia. For too long have nineteenth-century art historical studies
focused on France and, to a lesser extent, Great Britain and Germany. The
editors of the journal will make a particular effort to solicit articles that
cover the arts in other areas as well. Special attention will be given to
Eastern European art, as well as to artistic developments in India, China and
Japan. Art affected by the nineteenth-century colonial enterprise will also
be a topic of interest, as will the art in what were then "post-colonial"
countries, such as the US, Mexico, Argentina, and Brazil.

Indeed, an important goal of the journal will be the expansion of the
nineteenth-century canon, and, relatedly, the demonstration of the mutual
interconnectedness of the artistic achievements of different nations. This
phenomenon has been largely overlooked in traditional studies of
nineteenth-century art, which have, for the most part, been narrowly framed
within national boundaries. This is true despite the overwhelming evidence of
artists' travel (facilitated by new technologies like steam and electricity);
and despite the fact that international exhibitions and even national ones
attracted broad international participation and were attended by equally
multinational audiences.

Because of the importance of exhibitions for international exchange, a focus
on their history will be an secondary objective of the journal. It is a
subject that has begun to attract a good deal of attention during the last
decade and that is crucial for a full understanding of nineteenth-century
artistic developments. All sorts of exhibitions will be explored in the
journal, including International Expositions, national and regional
exhibitions, as well as shows in dealers' galleries and auction houses.

Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide is affiliated with the Association of
Historians of Nineteenth-Century Art (AHNCA). In accordance with its mission,
the journal's editorial board will be composed of recognized
nineteenth-century scholars from across the world, in addition to the members
of the AHNCA Executive Committee, who will serve on the board ex officio. The
journal will be distributed among AHNCA members as well as major libraries,
museums, collectors, dealers, and auction houses.

Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide will appear twice yearly in two issues of
180 pages each, starting in spring 2001. It will have eight pages of color
and any number of high-quality half-tone illustrations. The content will be
composed of articles and reviews of books and exhibition catalogues. The
language of the magazine will be English. Manuscripts submitted in other
languages will be translated at the expense of the author, although AHNCA
will offer help to secure grant funding to cover the translation cost.

Reduced subscription fee for AHNCA members: $ 30, in addition to membership
fee ($20 regular, $15 for students). Higher fees for non-members, libraries,
and corporate subscribers. European members can make payments in Euros, at a
rate approximately equivalent to the dollar rate.

------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
---------------------
Please respond to the questionnaire below by highlighting it and copying it into
a new e-mail to Chupetra[at]shu.edu. Then fill in the blanks.
Please put the word "questionnaire" in the subject area

QUESTIONNAIRE

Name:

Professional Affiliation:

Preferred Mailing Address:



1. Would you be interested in subscribing to Nineteenth-Century Art Worldwide
at a subscription rate of $ 30, in addition to AHNCA membership fee (regular
$ 20; $ 15 for students).
Note that an annual subscription will provide 2 issues of 180 pages and that the
subscriptio
fee without AHNCA membershipwill be at least $ 50.

Yes No Not until I had actually seen it

If no, why not?


2. Would you try to convince your library to order the journal?

Yes No Not until I had actually seen it

If no, why not?


3. What would you like to see included in the journal, by way of articles,
reviews, etc.?
Please be as specific as possible (e.g. more about 19th-century India; more
reviews of exhibitions at university art museums)






4. What article(s) might you yourself want to submit?
Please give title or brief description; Note that our goal will be to publish
every article
accepted within 12-18 months of its submission.







5. Are there specific colleagues whom we should contact for ideas about this
journal or who would be interested in subscribing?
Please provide a way to contact these colleagues (e-mail address, phone number,
and/or mailing address)





6. What other organizations are you a member of? Would members of that
organization want to subscribe to this journal? If possible, could you give
us the name and e-mail/phone number/address of a contact person who could help
us to spread the word?

- --- End Forwarded Message ---

From: "Edward O'Donnell"
Subject: Re: mulligan

I've just been asked for the 1000th time why the practice of forgiving an
errant shot in golf is called a "mulligan." Does anyone have the answer?
Any idea when and where it originated?

Thanks,

Ed O'Donnell
Dept. History
Hunter College, CUNY

From: Adrian N Mulligan
Subject: Re: Ir-D Ricard O'Sullivan Burke



Colleagues,

John Devoy, in his "Recollections of an Irish Rebel" (Chas.D.Young Co:
New York, 1929) provides a brief biography of the eventful life of
Colonel Ricard O'Sullivan Burke. He states that Burke died May 11,
1922 and was buried in Mount Olivet Cemetary, Chicago.

Hope that helps,
adrian

________________________________________________
adrian n. mulligan

department of geography, harvill building box #2,
university of arizona, tucson, AZ 85721, USA

adrianm[at]u.arizona.edu

Tel.(520) 621-2904
Fax (520) 621-2889
________________________________________________

I thought that this might be of interest. I am afraid that email has garbled the accents
..

P.O'S.

Forwarded on behalf of
Christoph Pallaske
University of Siegen
pallaske[at]fb1.uni-siegen.de




Polnische Migranten in Deutschland (Polish Migrants in Germany)


23. und 24. M=E4rz 2000
am Institut f=FCr Europ=E4ische Regionalforschungen (IFER)
der Universit=E4t-GH Siegen

Gegenstand und Fragestellung der Tagung:

Schon im Kaiserreich und verst=E4rkt wieder in den vergangenen zwanzig
Jahren bildeten bzw. bilden polnische Migranten eine der wichtigsten
Zuwanderergruppen in Deutschland. Am eingehendsten erforscht hierzu ist
sicher die Situation polnischer Migranten im Ruhrgebiet seit den 1870er
Jahren bis zum Zweiten Weltkrieg, in dieser Zeit gab es in Deutschland
aber verschiedene weitere Zentren polnischen Lebens =AD vor allem Hamburg
und Berlin =AD, die Gegenstand einiger aktueller Untersuchungen zur
polnischen Migration sind. Ebenfalls wenig Beachtung in der Forschung
fanden diejenigen polnischen =82Displaced Persons=91, die nach ihrer
Befreiung 1945 in den westlichen Besatzungszonen, sp=E4ter in der
Bundesrepublik blieben.
Abgesehen von kleineren Migrationsstr=F6men in den folgenden Jahren setzte
1980, mit der beginnenden =D6ffnung Polens, eine erneute gro=DFe
Ausreisewelle in den Westen ein. Etwa zweieinhalb Millionen Menschen -
teils Aussiedler, teils Ausl=E4nder polnischer Staatsangeh=F6rigkeit =AD=
kamen
=FCber die Dauer eines Touristenvisums hinaus in die Bundesrepublik
Deutschland, wobei sich Bedingungen und Verlauf der Migration auf dem
Hintergrund des politischen Umbruchs von 1989 stark ver=E4nderten. Etwa
eine Millionen von ihnen ist bis heute hier se=DFhaft geworden.

Die Tagung =84Polnische Migranten in Deutschland=93 will aus
interdisziplin=E4rem Blickwinkel verschiedene Aspekte vergangener und
aktueller Wanderungen aus Polen nach Deutschland in vergleichender
Perspektive analysieren und diskutieren: Welche Migrationsformen und
- -ursachen sowie Netzwerke bestimmten und bestimmen die Migration aus
Polen? Welche verschiedenen Formen befristeter oder langfristig
angelegter Arbeitsmigrationen dominierten in den verschiedenen Epochen?
Wie wirken sich die vor dem Hintergrund des deutschen
Staatsb=FCrgerschaftsrechts und politischen Umgangs mit Migration f=FCr die
Zuwanderer oft problematischen Aufenthaltsbedingungen und
Arbeitsm=F6glichkeiten auf ihre Einwanderungssituation und ihren
Lebensalltag aus? Zu welcher Zeit und unter welchen Umst=E4nden wurden
Migranten aus Polen als =82Fremde=91 wahrgenommen und erfuhren welche Formen
der Ausgrenzung? Auf welche Dauer und unter welchen Bedingungen ist bei
den Migranten aus Polen eine Eingliederung in die Aufnahmegesellschaft
zu beobachten bzw. zu erwarten?




Vorl=E4ufiges Programm:


Donnerstag, 23. M=E4rz, 14.00 =AD18.00 h
Moderation: Gerhard Brunn

Neue Forschungen zur Geschichte
polnische Migranten in Deutschland



Begr=FC=DFung

Gerhard Brunn
Universit=E4t-GH Siegen, IFER



Das Verh=E4ltnis von Staat, katholischer Kirche und polnischen Migranten
im Berlin des Kaiserreichs

Oliver Steinert
Universit=E4t-GH Siegen, IFER



Aspekte polnischen Lebens in Hamburg. Beispiele 1918 bis 1980

Angelika Eder
Forschungsstelle f=FCr Zeitgeschichte, Hamburg



[Die =82Displaced Persons=91 und die politische Emigration der 1950er Jahre;
genauer Titel steht aus]

Krzysztof Ruchniewicz
Universit=E4t Wroclaw/Breslau



Polen in Ostsachsen vor und nach der Wende. Ihr Verh=E4ltnis zum
Deutschtum, Sorbischen und zur DDR-Welt

Mieczyslaw Trojan
Universit=E4t Wroclaw/Breslau





Freitag, 24. M=E4rz, 8.30 =AD 12.00 h
Moderation: Rainer Gei=DFler


Zur aktuellen Situation
polnischer Migranten in Deutschland




Transnationalisierung sozialer R=E4ume? Migration aus Polen nach Berlin in
den 80er und 90er Jahren

Frauke Miera
Institut f=FCr vergleichende Sozialwissenschaften, Berlin



Zum Vergleich der Eingliederungsm=F6glichkeiten von Aussiedlern und
Ausl=E4ndern polnischer Staatsangeh=F6rigkeit in den 80er und 90er Jahren

Christoph Pallaske
Universit=E4t-GH Siegen, IFER



Wie vor Hundert Jahren? Zirkul=E4re Formen der Arbeitsmigration aus Polen
in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland

Norbert Cyrus
Polnischer Sozialrat, Berlin



13.00-17.00 h
Moderation: N. N.


Saisonale Wanderungen von Polen nach Deutschland. Kosten und Nutzen in
individueller Sicht

Joanna Korczynska
Universit=E4t Warschau



Der deutsche Pa=DF als letzter Akt der Integration? Einb=FCrgerung aus der
Sicht polnischer Migranten in der Bundesrepublik Deutschland

Piotr Swiatkowski
Johannes-Gutenberg-Universit=E4t, Mainz



Zur Arbeitsmarktsituation von Polen in Deutschland - Perspektiven im
Rahmen der EU-Osterweiterung.

Elmar H=F6nekopp
Institut f=FCr Arbeitsmarkt- und Berufsforschung, N=FCrnberg




Kontakt:

Interessierte an der Tagung k=F6nnen sich an folgende Kontaktadresse
wenden:

Christoph Pallaske
Wiss. Mitarb.
Institut f=FCr Europ=E4ische Regionalforschungen (IFER)
Universit=E4t-GH Siegen
57068 Siegen
pallaske[at]fb1.uni-siegen.de

Eine Unterbringungsm=F6glichkeit kann vermittelt werden
(Kosten ca. 75 DM).

From: "Elizabeth Malcolm"
Subject: The Paddy driving the Wagon


Dear Paddy,

I'm trying to write something at the moment about Irish-born or
Irish-trained policemen abroad. Richard Hawkins argued in an article a few
years ago - I can supply the reference if anyone is interested - that the
influence of Irish policing practices - 'the Irish model of paramilitary
policing' - has been exaggerated. I don't totally disagree with him, but I
want to focus more on function than structure, and to suggest that, if the
personnel was heavily Irish-born/trained, then even if the structure was
not 'purely' Irish, still the Irish impact could have been huge. Richard
was also concentrating on the British Empire and I'd like to caste my net
more widely. I guess as well I'm generally interested in policing as a
career for the upwardly-mobile emigrant.

I can find lots about Irish policemen in, for instance, the Sudan, Jamaica,
Palestine, the Cape and Australia, but, to my surprise, I'm finding it
harder to pursue this topic re. the States. I'm not in a position to do a
great deal of original research at the moment so, I'd be glad of
information: on 1) anything published on the Irish composition of US police
forces and of Irish influence on US policing during the late 19th/early
20th centuries; and on 2) anyone working in the area.

Elizabeth Malcolm
Liverpool

From: Cymru66[at]aol.com
Subject: Re: Ir-D Irish in Police Forces


In a message dated 1/31/00 3:35:42 PM Central Standard Time,
irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk writes:

>
I'm sure that Elizabeth Malcolm is familiar with this source but just in
case........
In 1887 one J.J.Flinn published a volume entitled History of the Chicago
Police. The book was reprinted in 1973 by Patterson Smith, New
Jersey, and is available in the library of the Chicago Historical Society. It
contains lists of serving officers in the Chicago police force from 1850 when
'The Watch', as it was called, was initially formed, until 1887. An analysis
of these lists, given precinct by precinct, shows a substantial number of
Irish names, starting, in 1850, with Bogue, O'Brien, Fay, McGuire and McHale
who were among the first recruits of the nine men who formed the initial
force. The lists for the 25 years following contain a substantial number of
Irish who seemed to be particularly adept at this kind of work; as the years
go by they rise through the ranks, the process culminating in one M.Hickey
becoming Police Superintendent in the 1870's.
Best,
John Hickey.

From: "Ruth-Ann M. Harris"
Subject: Re: Ir-D Irish in Police Forces


I have a copy of a letter written to Vere Foster by a former policeman
[RIC] who was being persecuted in America whenever Irish-Americans
discovered he had been in the Irish police force. Let me know if you wish
to see it. Ruth-Ann Harris

Ruth-Ann M. Harris, Adjunct Prof of History and Irish Studies,
Boston College Office Phone:(617)552-1571
Home Phone: (617)522-4361; FAX:(617)983-0328;
Summer and Weekend Number: (Phone) (603) 938-2660

From: S.Morgan[at]unl.ac.uk
Subject: Re: Ir-D Irish in Police Forces


I'm afraid I know nothing about Irish involvement in US police forces. However,
Elizabeth Malcom's message reminded me of a project undertaken by an
undergraduate student here at University of North London. Unfortunately, it was
never submitted. However, the student claimed to have discovered that there was
high Irish involvement in anti-terrorist policing, particularly SO19 (which is
a firearms unit within the London Metropolitan police) and that she had
interviewed members of this unit who were mostly second generation Irish,
and whose father's or other family members had also been involved in policing
and particularly SO19.

Has anyone on the list ever come across anything like this?

Incidentally, Paddy O'Sullivan asked me to amend this message to explain SO19.
Out of curiosity, I checked the web page for the Metropolitan Police
(http:/www.met.police.uk); Special Branch is descibed as having responsibility
to combat terrorism. Its origins are correctly attributed (it was set up to deal
with the Fenian threat'); more interestingly its current responsibilities
include countering terrorism by Irish or International groups'...

Sarah Morgan,
Irish Studies Centre,
University of North London.

From: Elizabeth Malcolm [mailto:elm[at]lineone.net]

I should add that the Hawkins' article is being regarded as the definitive
(revisionist?) work on the influence of Irish policing abroad - or at least
in the British Empire. I admire Richard Hawkins's articles - but I would like to question
this one.

The reference is
Richard Hawkins, 'The "Irish model" and the empire: a case for
reassessment' in D.M. Anderson and David Killingray (eds,), 'Policing the
Empire: Government, Authority and Control, 1830-1940', Manchester:
Manchester UP, 1991, pp 18-32

As well as the Hawkins article, the book has quite a few references to the
influence of Irish policing in other parts of the empire - ironically, most
of the other writers appear to accept, without question, the significance
of the 'Irish model'! Presumably the editors hadn't alerted them to the
thrust of Richard's article.

Elizabeth Malcolm

From: DanCas1[at]aol.com
Subject: Re: Irish-Americans & Police


A Chairde:

For Elizabeth Malcolm, seeking information on Irish influences on policing in the US,
the following are some of the most basic sources for NYC:
(This is done quickly, so I am limited to titles, authors, and dates of
publication; they should not be too difficult to track down)

Recollections of a New York Chief of Police. George W. Walling. (NY, 1888)
The Metropolitan Police. David Barnes. (NY, 1864)
London and New York: Their Crime and Police. J.A. Gerard, 1853
Professional Criminals of America. Inspector Thomas Byrnes. (NY, 1895)
Gangs of New York, Herbert Asbury (NY, 1928)
The Police Dept. of the City of NY - A Statement of Facts. City Club of NY.
(NY, 1903)
Danger! A True History of a Great City's Wiles and Temptations. William F.
Howe and Abraham Hummel. (NY, 1886)
(Lexow Committee)- Report and Proceedings of the Senate Committee Appointed
to Investigate the Police Department of the City of New York. 5 vols.
(Albany, NY, 1895).
(Mazet Committee)-Report of the Special Committee of the Assembly Appointed
to Investigate the Public Offices and Departments of the City of New York,
etc., 5 vols. (Albany, NY, 1900)
The American Metropolis, 3 vols. Frank Moss. (NY, 1897.)
The Iconography of Manhattan Island. I.N. Phelps Stokes, (and others)
Old Bowery Days, Alvin F. Harlow, (NY 1931)

There are a large number of memoirs by former NYC Police brass, which were
almost a genre from 1870-s through 1920s, which I do not have at hand but
which are easy to find. Also check out the Charles Becker case. He was the
only police officer to be executed (for the murder of gambler Beansy
Rosenthal) in NY, ca. 1910. Also back issues of the NPG (National Police
Gazzette, ca. 1860-1920).

Rushed for time and away from files. Hope this helps a bit.

Daniel Cassidy

From: "Marion R. Casey"
Subject: Re: Ir-D Irish in Police Forces


Elizabeth, There is also:

Augustine E. Costello, Our Police Protectors: History of the New York
Police from the Earliest Period to the Present Time (NY: By the author,
1885), 512 pp., which includes biographies of precinct heads, many of
whom were Irish immigrants.

William E. S. Fales, Brooklyn's Guardians: A Record of the Faithful and
Heroic Men Who Preserve the Peace in the City of Homes (Brooklyn: By the
author, 1887), 517 pp., which includes bios as above.

James F. Richardson, The New York Police, Colonial Times to 1901
(NY: Oxford University Press, 1970), 332 pp., from a 1961 NYU dissertation

Mary Sullivan, My Double Life: The Story of a New York City Policewoman
(NY: Farrar and Rhinehart, 1938), 302 pp.


For Ellen Crowley O'Grady, the first woman Deputy Police Commissioner in
the U.S. see Mary C. Donelin, "American Irish Women Firsts," Journal of
the American Irish Historical Society 24 (1925): 215-21


p.s. Can anyone recall the reference to the Irish from Mayo (I
think?) who served on the Shanghai (I think?) police force?

Best wishes,
Marion Casey
New York University



On Tue, 1 Feb 2000 irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk wrote:

>
> From: DanCas1[at]aol.com
> Subject: Re: Irish-Americans & Police
>
>
> A Chairde:
>
> For Elizabeth Malcolm, seeking information on Irish influences on policing in the US,
> the following are some of the most basic sources for NYC:
> (This is done quickly, so I am limited to titles, authors, and dates of
> publication; they should not be too difficult to track down)
>
> Recollections of a New York Chief of Police. George W. Walling. (NY, 1888)
> The Metropolitan Police. David Barnes. (NY, 1864)
> London and New York: Their Crime and Police. J.A. Gerard, 1853
> Professional Criminals of America. Inspector Thomas Byrnes. (NY, 1895)
> Gangs of New York, Herbert Asbury (NY, 1928)
> The Police Dept. of the City of NY - A Statement of Facts. City Club of NY.
> (NY, 1903)
> Danger! A True History of a Great City's Wiles and Temptations. William F.
> Howe and Abraham Hummel. (NY, 1886)
> (Lexow Committee)- Report and Proceedings of the Senate Committee Appointed
> to Investigate the Police Department of the City of New York. 5 vols.
> (Albany, NY, 1895).
> (Mazet Committee)-Report of the Special Committee of the Assembly Appointed
> to Investigate the Public Offices and Departments of the City of New York,
> etc., 5 vols. (Albany, NY, 1900)
> The American Metropolis, 3 vols. Frank Moss. (NY, 1897.)
> The Iconography of Manhattan Island. I.N. Phelps Stokes, (and others)
> Old Bowery Days, Alvin F. Harlow, (NY 1931)
>
> There are a large number of memoirs by former NYC Police brass, which were
> almost a genre from 1870-s through 1920s, which I do not have at hand but
> which are easy to find. Also check out the Charles Becker case. He was the
> only police officer to be executed (for the murder of gambler Beansy
> Rosenthal) in NY, ca. 1910. Also back issues of the NPG (National Police
> Gazzette, ca. 1860-1920).
>
> Rushed for time and away from files. Hope this helps a bit.
>
> Daniel Cassidy
>
>
>
>
>
>

Subject: Re: Ir-D Irish in Police Forces

On that theme...

The following book review appeared in the latest Bookview Ireland...

Forwarded with permission...

P.O'S.


THE IRISH CONSTABULARIES by DONAL J. O'SULLIVAN
- - The author is a retired Chief Superintendent of the Garda Siochana
and the writing of this book has obviously been a labour of love. As
a former policeman himself, it might not be surprising that he shows
a great admiration for the professional work of the various police
forces which operated in Ireland since the early 19th century. He
shows a number of episodes in our history from a perspective which
has rarely been mentioned; that of the ordinary policeman caught in
the middle during periods of civil unrest. He brings us from the
beginnings of formal policing in Ireland through to the Patten Report
on reform of the RUC. (It is enlightening to read his account of the
disbandment of the RIC in the 1920s while this latest reform begins.)

O'Sullivan expresses considerable appreciation of the role of Peel in
the early 19th century in the development of the Irish police, an
experience which he used to good effect in London. The author goes
on to describe in some detail the later legal developments in
relation to the police during the rest of the century and into the
20th. In addition, he refers to their recruitment, training, housing
and equipment, the changes over time and the reasons for them,
including the input of the various personalities involved. He
examines developments in different specific areas of the country and
shows the progression locally, regionally and nationally. He
outlines some of the famous and less well-known cases which the
forces dealt with, including some long-forgotten local affairs as
well as the political issues of the time. He is eloquent, for
example, on the efforts of the police to alleviate the suffering of
the famine victims and their personal difficulties in having to
assist at evictions. O'Sullivan evokes very well the plight of the
RIC during the 1919-1922 period. These were men mainly from a small
farming background who were simply trying to do an essential job for
their own Irish community, which they had been carrying out with no
thought of supporting the British Empire. They were in an unenviable
position when the War of Independence started. O'Sullivan gives
instances of their losses at the hands of their fellow countrymen.
And when it was over, many had to emigrate because they could not
even return to their place of birth for fear of assassination. Nor
was their fear unfounded; many were murdered while visiting elderly
parents.

The author's style of writing reflects his background. Facts are
stated clearly; the evidence is presented concisely. He might well
be back in court, setting out the issues for consideration by judge
and jury. In general his style makes for pleasurable reading, with
no misunderstanding of his meaning or intention. Overall the author
has done no little service in drawing our attention to men (and they
were all men then, of course) whose memory has been almost erased but
who did their best to serve the needs of their fellow-countrymen in
circumstances which were often difficult and sometimes impossible.
Review by John McAvoy
(Brandon/Mount Eagle, ISBN 0-86322-257-9, pp410, IR30.00)

BOOKVIEW IRELAND
_______________________________________________________________________
Editor: Pauline Ferrie January, 2000 Issue No.54
=======================================================================

This monthly supplement to the Irish Emigrant reviews books recently
published in Ireland, and those published overseas which have an Irish
theme. Back issues are on our WWW pages

Forwarded on behalf of
Prof. Michael Kenneally, editor
email: kenneal[at]vax2.concordia.ca
Canadian Journal of Irish Studies


Subject: Canadian Journal of Irish Studies

Canadian Journal of Irish Studies

Editorial Statement

The Canadian Journal of Irish Studies aims to publish articles,
reviews, viewpoints and creative expression which promote an
understanding and appreciation of Irish history and culture in
their broadest terms. It has a special focus on aspects of the
Irish experience in Canada and in other countries of the Irish
diaspora. It reflects a variety of critical and methodological
perspectives and welcomes in particular multi- and
inter-disciplinary approaches. All articles are submitted to
two referees before publication. Articles should be original
and represent a new contribution to scholarship in Irish and
Canadian Irish Studies. Submissions are encouraged from CAIS
members and non-members alike. Please send articles to:

Prof. Michael Kenneally,
editor
email: kenneal[at]vax2.concordia.ca
Canadian Journal of Irish Studies
phone/fax: (514) 848-7389 Irish Studies at Concordia University
2480 West Broadway Montreal, QC. H4B 1R6

I thought that this looked interesting...

Anyone seen the actual article?

P.O'S.


BELEAGUERED BUT DETERMINED - IRISH WOMEN-WRITERS IN IRISH
HARRIS MN
FEMINIST REVIEW
(51) 26-40 FAL 1995

Document type: Article Language: English Cited References: 33 Times Cited: 0

Abstract:
A growing number of Irish women have chosen to write in Irish for reasons varying from a
desire to promote and preserve the Irish language to a belief that a marginalized language
is an appropriate vehicle of expression for marginalized women. Their work explores
aspects of womanhood relating to sexuality, relationships, motherhood and religion. Some
feel hampered by the lack of female models. Until recent years there were few attempts on
the part of women to explore the reality of women's lives through literature in Irish. The
largely subordinate role played by women in literary matters as teachers, translators, and
writers of children's literature reflected the position of women in Irish society since
the achievement of independence in the 1920s. The work of earlier women poets has, for the
most part, lain buried in manuscripts and is only recently being excavated by scholars.
The problems of writing for a limited audience have been partially overcome in recent
years by increased production of dual-language books. The increase in translation has
sparked off an intense controversy among the Irish language community, some of whom are
concerned that both the style and content of writing in Irish are adversely influenced by
the knowledge that the literature will be read largely in translation. Nevertheless,
translation also has positive implications. Interest in women's literature is helping to
break down the traditional barriers between Irish literature in Irish and in English. The
isolation of Irish literature in Irish is further broken down by the fact that women
writers in Irish and their critics operate in a wider international context of women's
literature.

Author Keywords:
IRISH, GAELIC, WOMEN WRITERS, TRANSLATION, POETS

Publisher:
ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, LONDON

IDS Number:
RZ411

ISSN:
0141-7789

The Hungry Stream
reviewed for the Irish-Diaspora list by Patrick O'Sullivan
EMAIL Patrick O'Sullivan

[A much shortened version of this review will appear in The Economic History Review at a
later date.]


E. Margaret Crawford, ed., The hungry stream: essays on emigration and famine -
proceedings of the conference held at the Ulster-American folk park 1995 (Belfast: The
Institute of Irish Studies at The Queen's University of Belfast and the Centre for
Emigration Studies at the Ulster-American folk park, 1997). Pp. x + 221

In 1845 the potato blight appeared, and in 1846 the potato crop failed. In October 1846
there was a food riot in the capital - sufficient warning to the government that, if steps
were not taken worse might occur. A member of the government, who was also a physician,
was put in charge of famine relief. He collected information on harvests and grain prices
throughout Europe, and, with his advice, the government bought, in good time, supplies of
wheat, oats, maize and beans. In March 1847 the physician ordered an inventory to be made
of selected items of stored food in every community - the government was thus able to
predict which families might find themselves in difficulty as the crisis developed. In
order to assess the volume of the next year's crop the physician collected information
from every community, acreage sown in grain and planted in potatoes, seed needed and
average yields. What the government feared most was a repetition of the widespread famine
that had occurred in 1816-17 - with the physician's guidance, famine was averted.

The physician's name was Johann Rudolph Schneider, and the government in question was the
cantonal government of Bern, in Switzerland. Meanwhile, in the 1840s, in the United
Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland they managed these things in different ways.

Often when we study Irish history we find ourselves studying not only Irish difference but
English difference - for England is not typical of Europe. When we study the Irish Famine
we are certainly studying English difference - and, it has to be added, indifference.
Salaman gave us, in 1949, the foundations of a social history of the potato - we still do
not have a comparative social history of the potato blight, though the material is there
to write one. Only one part of that material is the extraordinary database that Dr.
Schneider bequeathed to historians of nutrition. The potato crop failed throughout
Europe. But famine did not appear throughout Europe. If we continue the implied
comparison between Bern and Ireland - and perhaps Bern and Ireland are the extremes - two
differences strike us: scale and policy.

Scale? - it is possible to argue, and it has been argued, that no nineteenth century
government could have coped adequately with a crisis of the size of the Famine in Ireland.
Policy? - but policy comes from philosophy, and attitude. And the attitude of the Swiss
democracies towards their hungry citizens was certainly unlike the attitude of the London
government towards its Irish fellow subjects. London was guided by 'political economy' -
that odd mix of theology, social science and social distance.

There are many extraordinary gaps in Irish historiography, in the history of the Irish
Diaspora and in the history of the Irish Famine - I have, perhaps, said enough about such
gaps elsewhere. Processes begun in 1945, the one hundredth anniversary of the start of
the Famine, led eventually - painfully - to the publication of the Edwards & Williams
collection, The Great Famine, in 1956, and the Woodham-Smith volume, The Great Hunger in
1962. And that was that, until the work of synthesis that is Vaughan's 1989 Volume V of A
new history of Ireland, prepared the way for new thinking - of which one manifestation is
the 1989 volume edited by the historian of nutrition, E. Margaret Crawford, Famine: the
Irish experience.

As 1995 loomed, the 150th anniversary of the start of the Famine, there were - throughout
the world - impulses towards commemoration. A number of us attempted to direct those
impulses towards something more scholarly, towards understanding, towards filling the gaps
in the historiography. The volume here under review - again edited by E. Margaret
Crawford - is a permanent record of one of those attempts, the conference held at the
Ulster-American folk park in September 1995. This volume is then a snapshot of processes
then underway, and still ongoing. We can think of these processes as having two parts.
First, there is the task of finding, and redefining, the areas in which study of the Irish
Famine might take place. Second, there is the task of re-integrating the study of the
Irish Famine within the study of Irish history, with its many sub-departments. Noting
that those sub-departments will have connections with areas of scholarship outside Irish
history ? and that these may well, in turn, regard the Irish Famine as an uninteresting
anomaly. So I think I need formally to stress that scholars of the Irish Diaspora cannot
ignore the Irish Famine.

The opening chapter, by Donald Harman Akenson, says that we now have ?literally scores of
studies? of the Irish Famine. I wish this were true. We have seen much trudging over
familiar ground, familiar arguments and familiar sources. But we have not seen enough new
scholarly research. Of the 18 contributors to this volume only perhaps 4 or 5 can fairly
be called famine studies specialists - Patrick Fitzgerald, Frank Neal, Michael Quigley,
James Grant and E. Margaret Crawford herself. All the other contributors to this volume
bring an Irish Famine slant to an existing area of interest ? as I have already indicated,
a laudable enterprise.

I have struggled to find a way of reading positively that opening chapter, on ?Galut,
Exile and Diaspora? by Donald Harman Akenson. Taken at face value the chapter slams the
door on the whole notion of the comparative study of diasporas - which cannot have been
intended. I have decided to read Akenson as a contribution to the theology of migration -
though I must add that the theologians and historians of religion would quarrel with
Akenson?s elision of ?galut? with ?diaspora?. All migrants (not just the Irish) have a
theology - whether they believe in gods or not. Key themes are hope and retribution. And
these themes are, of course - Christopher Morash has reminded us in his excellent book
Writing the Irish Famine - also key themes in ?political economy? and in responses to the
Irish Famine..

The most significant chapters here, in The Hungry Stream, in best addressing the book?s
sub-title, ?emigration and famine?, are Robert Scally?s, on ?External Forces in the Famine
Emigration?, and Patrick Fitzgerald, on ?Changing Patterns of Crisis?. The Famine
migrations occurred because the Famine migrations were possible, and Scally?s exploration
of what he calls ?the Liverpool system? shows how the same commercial processes, and the
same ships, which took food out of Ireland were available to Irish families in their
attempts to rescue themselves. Unfortunately Scally?s chapter is not referenced - it is
still in conference paper form - though it is not a great labour for the specialist to
provide the necessary references. Fitzgerald?s survey of the patterns of Irish
subsistence crises covers familiar ground, but stresses ? to speak bluntly - how much
famine is a learning experience for those who survive. And human beings have a special
ability to pass on knowledge from generation to generation.

Some criticisms of this volume may sound technical. For example, there is in the 1956
Edwards & Williams volume an excellent chapter by William P. MacArthur on the Medical
History of the Famine ? but unfortunately the esteemed Editors LOST MacArthur?s notes.
The task of reconstructing MacArthur?s notes is in hand ? but there are, I think, evident
problems in relying only on MacArthur as a source for the fine detail of the history.
Also, I have never really come to terms with historians? predilection for inventing
people - and I think that students may find Brenda Collins? ?composite fictional portraits
? potentially misleading. I find it quite impossible to work out from her notes when she
is talking about a real person, and when it is a ?composite?

But this volume remains useful, and I think important, to those of us who would give the
Irish Famine its due place in Irish history and Irish Diaspora history ? the volume
reports properly on its parent Conference, and clarifies the many problems that still face
us.

Patrick O'Sullivan


- --
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Irish-Diaspora list
Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/

Personal Fax National 0870 088 1512
Fax International +44 870 088 1512

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Interdisciplinary Human Studies
University of Bradford
Bradford BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England

From: "alex peach"
Subject: Re: Ir-D Irish in Police Forces



The title of Bernard Porter's book, The Origins of the Vigilant State: The London
Metropolitan Police Special Branch Before the First World War,(1987) is
self explanatory. He refers to the Irish dimension of the Special Branch
that was set up to combat Fenian agitation. The officers in Dublin had far
more experience in the field as they had been dealing with Irish militants
for many years. They were brought in to infiltrate and survey the activities
of the Brotherhood and others in mainland Britain as the London police were
inexperienced.

The Irish were involved in Birmingham UK police force (founded in 1839) from
the mid 1840s at least and were involved in the infamous "Murphy Riots" of
1867.One who joined in 1873 (Michael McMannus of Newfeild County
Mayo)eventually became Deputy Chief Constable serving under another Ulster
Irishman Chief Constable Charles Rafter. Porter argues (if my memory serves
me correctly) that the Irish police force were far more experienced than
their English counterparts. This was due no doubt to the political situation
in Ireland which has provided a trainground for British security services of
all complexions up until the present day.

Regarding Rafter's appointment the Moseley and King's Heath Journal observed
that:

"With his vast experience in Ireland it should be an easy matter for the new
chief constable to stamp out the "peaky blindism" a dangerous element in
Birmingham."

This was gang warfare. He succeeded and received a CBE and Knighthood for
his efforts. He recruited trusted men from the Royal Irish Constabulary to
help. The Irish in Birmingham were also well represented on the other side
of the law but that is another story.

Alex Peach

DeMontfort University
Leicester
UK


- -----Original Message-----
From: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk
To: irish-diaspora[at]Bradford.ac.uk
Date: 01 February 2000 22:38
Subject: Ir-D Irish in Police Forces 4


>
>
>From: S.Morgan[at]unl.ac.uk
>Subject: Re: Ir-D Irish in Police Forces
>
>
>I'm afraid I know nothing about Irish involvement in US police forces.
However,
>Elizabeth Malcom's message reminded me of a project undertaken by an
>undergraduate student here at University of North London. Unfortunately, it
was
>never submitted. However, the student claimed to have discovered that there
was
>high Irish involvement in anti-terrorist policing, particularly SO19 (which
is
>a firearms unit within the London Metropolitan police) and that she had
>interviewed members of this unit who were mostly second generation Irish,
>and whose father's or other family members had also been involved in
policing
>and particularly SO19.
>
>Has anyone on the list ever come across anything like this?
>
>Incidentally, Paddy O'Sullivan asked me to amend this message to explain
SO19.
>Out of curiosity, I checked the web page for the Metropolitan Police
>(http:/www.met.police.uk); Special Branch is descibed as having
responsibility
>to combat terrorism. Its origins are correctly attributed (it was set up to
deal
>with the Fenian threat'); more interestingly its current responsibilities
>include countering terrorism by Irish or International groups'...
>
>Sarah Morgan,
>Irish Studies Centre,
>University of North London.
>
>
>

From Patrick O'Sullivan

We do not - and we cannot - pass on all the information sent to us about commercial
projects that might be of interest. Indeed, many of these commercial projects seemed to
be designed to taunt us with our poverty.

But we do know that some Irish-Diaspora list members are in the happy position of being
encouraged to develop Irish Studies and Irish Diaspora Studies in their institutions.
Given that microfilms are nasty, nasty things and hurt my poor eyes... And are always
very, very expensive...

The following microfilm projects have been brought to our attention by

Robert Jacobs
http://www.psmedia.com

Primary Source Media/Gale Group
50 Milford Road
Reading RG1 8LJ
England

also at
12 Lunar Drive
Woodbridge
Connecticut, CT 06525
USA

1.
The Irish Press, 1760-1922
Consultant Editor Marie-Louise Legg [author of Newspapers and Nationalism]
Started Autumn 1999
Will cover some 45 newspapers and journals, including many of interest to Irish Diaspora
Studies - for example, Galway American, John Mitchel's Irish Felon, Irish Peasant, Patrick
Ford's Irish World...

2.
The Immigrant in America
a microfilm collection of about 6000 books, covering most of the nineteenth century, and
some 37 ethnic groups, including English, Irish, Scots-Irish, Scots and Welsh.
The Advisor is A. Willliam Hoglund, University of Connecticut and the Balch Institute for
Ethnic Studies.

3.
International Population Census Publications
500 years of international demographic data, arranged by geographical segments, census
years or by country.

4.
City Directories of the United States
This will be a searchable online database, from 1859 onwards, plus a microfilm project.
More information at
http://www.citydirectories.psmedia.com

I have not given prices - my brain cannot cope with that many digits. Really, I list
these projects as examples of what can be done.

For further information contact Robert Jacobs, above.

P.O'S.


- --
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Email Patrick O'Sullivan
Irish-Diaspora list
Irish Diaspora Studies http://www.brad.ac.uk/acad/diaspora/

Personal Fax National 0870 088 1512
Fax International +44 870 088 1512

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Interdisciplinary Human Studies
University of Bradford
Bradford BD7 1DP
Yorkshire
England