Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Sarah Morgan
Subject: irish times free online
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Paddy - apologies if you have already had the same message several times.=20
=20
From today (Monday 30 June) the Irish Times will be free to access. It has =
moved to www.irishtimes.com and full access to the daily paper is available=
- but access to the Irish Times archives online will remain subscription b=
ased. This change was announced in Saturday's paper in a piece by editor Ge=
raldine Kennedy:
=20

The restoration of The Irish Times title online is designed to make the new=
spaper the dominant media website in Ireland in the 21st century. The chang=
e from a subscription model to a free newspaper on www.irishtimes.com is a =
further instalment in the biggest editorial development programme in the hi=
story of the newspaper, embarked upon last February with the redesign and m=
odernisation of The Irish Times and the launch of new supplements.
=20
Sarah.
_________________________________________________________________

http://clk.atdmt.com/UKM/go/msnnkmgl0010000009ukm/direct/01/=

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Book Review,
Smith on Doran and Lyttleton eds. _Lordship in Medieval Ireland_
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H-NET BOOK REVIEW
Published by H-Albion[at]h-net.msu.edu (June 2008)

Linda Doran and James Lyttleton, eds. _Lordship in Medieval Ireland:
Image and Reality_. Dublin: Four Courts Press, 2007. 304 pp. Index.
$65.00 (cloth), ISBN 1-84682-041-3.

Reviewed for H-Albion by Brendan Smith, Department of Historical
Studies, University of Bristol

Exercising Power in a Divided Land: Lordship in Medieval Ireland

Many essays in this volume make a valuable contribution to
understanding the ways in which those who held power at a local level
in medieval Ireland, whether of Irish/Gaelic stock or of English/
settler origin, exercised their authority. It is particularly useful
to have the strategies and ambitions of natives and newcomers examined
together under the umbrella term "lordship," a concept that may be
sufficiently permissive to embrace the nature of elite control as
practiced by two cultures, which were, in many important ways, quite
distinct from each other.

One of these distinctions, the different evidence we have for Gaelic
as opposed to English lordship, is the subject of numerous essays in
_Lordship in Medieval Ireland_. Edel Bhreathnach seeks to deploy
Gaelic literary sources, and in particular vernacular poetry, to
assess changing ideas about Irish kingship in the same manner that
students of Anglo-Saxon England and continental Europe make use of the
charters and outpourings of royal chanceries so notably absent from
Gaelic Ireland. Her conclusion that there was less of a gulf between
Gaelic and other models of kingly rule than the different types of
evidence suggests is persuasive, at least for eleventh-century
Leinster, but she is wise to refrain from pushing her case further
either chronologically or geographically at this point. If Irish kings
did not produce many charters, they also did not make much use of
visual imagery to broadcast the nature of their authority. The few
surviving stone effigies, seals, and seal-matrices are subjected to
intense and imaginative scrutiny by Freya Verstraten, who argues that
Gaelic lords in the thirteenth century presented a more regal image of
their authority to their own people than they did to their English
overlords. Whether Gaelic lords in thirteenth-century Connacht cared
in the slightest what their subjects thought of them or whether these
same subjects would have been sufficiently familiar with the messages
conveyed in the tomb effigies to be impressed with the kingliness of
their late overlord are issues that are sensibly excluded from the
discussion. Perhaps the intended audience comprised the potential
successors of the ruler thus commemorated.

Gaelic lords certainly used stone as an expression of their power, and
several essays deal with the castles or tower houses they built or
occupied in the late Middle Ages. The contributions of Connie Kelleher
on the O'Driscolls of west Cork and Paul Naessens on the O'Flaherty's
of Connemara draw attention to the growing importance in the late
medieval period of the sea in the economy of Gaelic lordships, and
demonstrate the willingness of maritime lords to invest the profits
garnered from the lucrative fishing industry in the construction of
substantial coastal residences. Further inland, James Lyttleton uses
the architectural remains of the MacCoghlan lordship in Offaly to
present an original and intriguing account of the transition from
medieval to early modern as displayed in the changes made to the
layout of existing structures in the sixteenth and seventeenth
centuries both by native and newly arrived English lords. In
architectural terms, there was little to separate Gaelic and English
tower houses, and, in one of the strongest essays in the collection,
John Malcolm examines the fortifications built in north Mayo by the
conquerors of Connacht after 1235. He might have made clearer that the
English families he mentions--the d'Exeters, Stauntons, Cusacks,
Cogans, and Barrets--had already been in eastern Ireland for several
generations by the time they established themselves in Connacht, and
that this perhaps also influenced their intelligent approach to the
terrain now at their disposal. Yet, the author's sensitive use of
recent thinking on elite landscapes and sure grasp of historical
developments combine to enable him to offer a convincing explanation
of why English families not only survived but also thrived in this
distant part of the island.

If Gaelic lordship in this volume is approached for the most part
through analysis of literary, artistic, or architectural sources,
there is also room for a more narrative, document-based approach, as
represented by Emmet O'Byrne's fine essay on the MacMurrough lordship
from the late twelfth to the early fourteenth centuries. Some of the
human tragedy of relentless border warfare is brought home by the
author's vivid style, but his argument is sober and simple: compliant
as such dynasties as the MacMurroughs were in the thirteenth century,
their worsening legal position in face of encroaching and increasingly
exclusive conceptions about English common law, combined with the
onset of famine, led to violent disorder, which, once commenced, could
subsequently only be manipulated but never eradicated. Awareness of
such nuances is less obvious in Linda Doran's account of the fortunes
of one area hit hard by Irish raids from the end of the thirteenth
century, identified by her as "the Carlow Corridor" (p. 99).
Historical geography has much to offer to our understanding of
medieval Irish history, and the author "reads" the landscape of the
valleys of the rivers Barrow and Nore in revealing ways, but her
account is hampered by an out-of-date approach to late medieval Irish
history. Tellingly, the footnotes make no reference to the work of
Robin Frame, leaving us with a picture of a "failure of lordship,"
which is hard to square with the enduring nature of English power at
the local level in medieval Ireland (p. 126).[1] At least equally
questionable is her suggestion that Gaelic communities on English
manors preserved their own distinguishing social structures and
benefited from English retreat. Rather, the betagh communities (unfree
tenants of Gaelic origin) of manors overrun by the Irish faced
disaster as their new lords settled their own families and hangers-on
on estates now given over to pastoral rather than arable farming.

Such communities, however, were already feeling the pinch in this area
in the late thirteenth century for other reasons. Margaret Murphy's
stimulating analysis of the financial organization of the Bigod
lordship of Carlow, based on an exhaustive mining of Ministers' and
Receivers' Accounts (TNA:PRO SC6), reveals that virgin soil was being
brought under the plough as late as the 1280s, to be abandoned again
within thirty years. This suggests that the limits of the arable
economy had been reached and passed by this time, with obvious
consequences for the most vulnerable elements of peasant society. It
is no coincidence that the boundaries of lands farmed by betagh
communities were coming under closer scrutiny in the same period. It
is unfortunate that the author does not include in her analysis the
financial information contained in the 1307 inquisition postmortem for
the liberty, as well as in receipt rolls and pipe rolls, information
that would have further strengthened her important observations on the
interrelationship between lordly power and income generation.

In a perceptive but all-too-brief foreword to this excellent
collection, Bernadette Cunningham points to the obvious distinction
that existed in medieval Ireland between lordship based on
exploitation of land, on the one hand, and tributary lordship or
lordship over men, on the other hand, and argues that the
commonalities between the two were greater than the differences.
Certainly English lords borrowed aspects of tributary lordship--most
obviously, the notion of compulsory hospitality--from their Gaelic
neighbors, while in some Gaelic lordships communal tributes, in time,
came to have a territorial aspect. Whether the concept of lordship is
stretched too thin when it tries to incorporate both Gaelic and
English models, however, remains an issue. (It is unfortunate in this
regard that the contemporary Scottish situation is referred to in so
few of the essays in this volume.) It should be pointed out that in a
large-scale study of late medieval lordship in the British Isles, to
be published posthumously in 2009, Rees Davies excludes consideration
of Gaelic lordship on the grounds that "the patterns and dynamics of
power (compounded by the very different and very inadequate range of
sources) do not lend themselves to meaningful comparison with 'English-
style' aristocratic lordship or its terminology."[2] This volume of
essays may not have changed Davies's mind, but it serves as an
excellent stimulus to thinking about how we conceptualize the use of
power in a divided island in the Middle Ages.

Notes

[1]. Robin Frame, "Power and Society in the Lordship of Ireland,"
_Past and Present_ 76 (1977): 3-33.

[2]. Rees Davies, _Lords and Lordship in the British Isles in the Late
Middle Ages_, ed. Brendan Smith (Oxford: Oxford University Press,
forthcoming).



Copyright (c) 2008 by H-Net, all rights reserved. H-Net permits
the redistribution and reprinting of this work for nonprofit,
educational purposes, with full and accurate attribution to the
author, web location, date of publication, originating list, and
H-Net: Humanities & Social Sciences Online. For other uses
contact the Reviews editorial staff: hbooks[at]mail.h-net.msu.edu.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: SEEKING CONTRIBUTORS: 21ST CENTURY ENCYCLOPEDIA ON U.S.
IMMIGRATION AND ETHNICITY
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Forwarded on behalf of
Dr. Elliott R. Barkan
Professor Emeritus, History & Ethnic Studies California State
University San Bernardino, CA 92407-2397 U.S.A.

SEEKING CONTRIBUTORS FOR A 21ST CENTURY ENCYCLOPEDIA ON U.S.
IMMIGRATION AND ETHNICITY

Elliott Barkan has been selected by ABC-Clio to organize and edit
this major innovation in a print/electronic, four volume encyclopedia on
immigration to the United States and American ethnicity. Innovations are
planned for the organization, combination of group-specific and thematic
essays, electronic links and cross-references between groups and
group-specific essays and those on overarching themes, and for the
inclusion of the latest inter-disciplinary research by scholars in all the
major disciplines, census and immigration data (including the 2010 census),
and discussions of major contemporary trends and issues. Together these
volumes will constitute a cutting edge publication event and a work to be
valued and used for years to come.

Individuals interested in learning more about the groups to be
covered (over 100) and the thematic topics (over 20) should contact Elliott
directly. Please provide contact information and a brief list of the groups
or broader kinds of topics you have written about or would like to consider
writing. All contributors will be compensated for their entries according to
the length and number of essays submitted and accepted. Lengths will vary
with topic

Contact Elliott at ebarkan[at]csusb.edu or 951-603-0521 for more
information and details.


Dr. Elliott R. Barkan
Professor Emeritus, History & Ethnic Studies California State
University San Bernardino, CA 92407-2397 U.S.A.

951-603-0521 (h) (and fax, if called first)
951-217-1974 (c)
ebarkan[at]csusb.edu

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Contact from recruitment agency re Director, Sabhal Mor Ostaig,
Isle of Skye
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We have been contacted by Odgers Ray & Berndtson, a leading UK executive
recruitment agency. They have been retained to recruit a new Director =
for
the Gaelic college in Skye (Sabhal mor Ostaig).=A0=20

They say: The ideal candidate should be fluent in written and spoken =
Gaelic
and should hopefully be someone of reputation and standing in the
educational world.=A0 The role is of an ambassadorial nature so they =
should
have excellent communication skills and the ability to work with the =
media.

I can report that the Trustees are willing to look outside Scotland for =
the
ideal person. The search now continues in Ireland, Canada, the United
States and elsewhere. I know that some of our Irish language and =
literature
members also have an interest in Scottish Gaelic, and the Celtic =
languages
generally, and have contacts in the Scottish Gaelic communities. The
closing date for applications is now very close, but I have been told =
that
this can now be disregarded. The impetus is to continue the search for =
the
best possible candidate.

I have created a separate message which gives an outline of the post, =
and
gives web links.

Please share this information widely...

P.O'S.

--
Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit

Email Patrick O'Sullivan Email Patrick
O'Sullivan Personal Fax 0044 (0) 709 236 =
9050

Irish-Diaspora list Irish Diaspora Net
http://www.irishdiaspora.net

Irish Diaspora Research Unit
Department of Social Sciences and Humanities University of Bradford =
Bradford
BD7 1DP Yorkshire England

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Director, Sabhal Mor Ostaig, Isle of Skye
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We have been contacted by Odgers Ray & Berndtson - who have been retained to
recruit a new Director for the Gaelic college in Skye (Sabhal mor Ostaig).

I have pasted in below material from this web site...

http://www.odgersrayberndtson.com/index.php?id=819&L=9&guid=24084

From that web site you can download the Candidate Brief in English and in
Gaelic.

See also the Sabhal Mor Ostaig web site...

http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/

http://www.smo.uhi.ac.uk/beurla/

Please distribute this message to anyone you think might be interested.

Patrick O'Sullivan
Head of the Irish Diaspora Research Unit


Director, Sabhal Mor Ostaig, Isle of Skye

The Trustees of Sabhal Mor Ostaig are looking for a similarly visionary
figure to replace Professor Norman Gillies, who retires as Director later
this year. Sabhal Mor Ostaig is Scotland's Gaelic College where, uniquely,
all tuition and administration is done through the medium of Gaelic.
Encompassing both Further and Higher Education as well as an increasing
amount of research, it is also an academic partner in the UHI Millennium
Institute. Ideally, therefore, the successful candidate will be someone of
reputation and standing in the academic world but what is essential is the
ability, imagination and vision to build on the outstanding work done by
Professor Gillies over the past 21 years and take the College on to the next
level of its development. Accordingly applications are invited from people
possessing such qualities whatever their present occupation.

The Role:

The Director will:

- provide leadership in the development of the College in terms of teaching,
learning and research;

- in conjunction with the Trustees, develop, expand and constantly enhance
the College's vision of its role;

- source finance and other forms of support for the ongoing work of the
College and constantly seek ways o f making new initiatives possible;

- be accountable to the Trustees for all aspects of the College's management
and administration

The Candidate:

The successful candidate will be:

- an inspirational, motivational and visionary leader;

- passionately committed to the advancement of Gaelic;

- a fluent communicator in the language both in speech anf on paper;

- a person of excellent people skills, capable of providing leadership and
support to staff and of developing strong realtionships with external
organisations

- adept at sourcing support for the developing work of the College.

Sabhal Mor Ostaig is situated in an area of outstanding natural beauty on
the Sleat peninsula on the isle of Skye where there is now, thanks in part
to the work of the College, a resurgent Gaelic community. Why not be part of
it?

http://www.odgersrayberndtson.com/index.php?id=819&L=9&guid=24084

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article,
Defining the Heathen in Ireland and Africa: Two Similar
Discourses a Century Apart
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I was interested to see a number of new sources turn up in our alerts, =
and
in some cases have backtracked a little to see what is happening. Here =
is
one example. Brill, The Netherlands based publisher, has done a deal =
with
Ingenta - material about some Brill publications has begun to appear =
there.
And there is a plan to display the entire Brill journal back catalogue =
on
the web.

Meanwhile Brill had acquired the journal, Social Sciences & Missions. =
There
are now a number of scholarly journals looking at the history of =
missionary
activity - what has been striking heretofore is the absence of Irish
material in these journals.

I have pasted in below 2 items... Some information and links for the
journal Le Fait Missionnaire, now Social Sciences & Missions. And
information about an article that appeared in the latest issue.

P.O'S.

1.
http://www.brill.nl/ssm

http://www2.unil.ch/lefaitmissionnaire/index.html


Le Fait Missionnaire
Social Sciences & Missions info[at]lefaitmissionnaire.com

LFM is now published by Brill in Leiden under the title Social Sciences =
and
Mission (SSM). The first issue of SSM will come out in November.
=09
Social Sciences and Missions / Sciences sociales et missions

LFM. Social Sciences Missions is an international peer-reviewed journal
dedicated to the study of the social and political influence of =
Christian
missions in Africa and other parts of the (former) colonial world. Since
2007 it is published by E.J Brill (Leiden) under the title Social =
Sciences
and Missions / Sciences sociales et mission.

Christian missions represent a unique site of observation for the study =
of
modern societies, in the =AB north =BB as well as in the =AB south =BB. =
This is the
reason why missions constitute the=AB prime material =BB of the journal =
Social
Sciences & Missions. Our aim is not to study missions for themselves, =
but
rather as =AB total social phenomena =BB, an idiom, which history, =
anthropology,
sociology or political science can use to analyse reality and give it
meaning. This constitutes the originality of our approach =96 to the =
best of
our knowledge, Social Sciences & Missions is the only social sciences
journal dedicated to this object of study.

The origins of Social Sciences & Missions go back to a series of =
Occasional
papers called Le Fait Missionnaire. Histoire et h=E9ritages =96 Approche
pluridisciplinaire, launched in 1995 at the University of Lausanne,
Switzerland. Le Fait Missionnaire (LFM) was born at the nexus of =
missiology,
political sociology and history within an interdisciplinary team around =
the
late Professor Klauspeter Blaser. After the publication of some twelve
issues, the occasional papers became a peer-review journal entitled LFM.
Social Sciences & Missions in 2003 out of which the present journal =
emerged
in 2007.

2.
Defining the Heathen in Ireland and Africa: Two Similar Discourses a =
Century
Apart

Author: Bateman, Fiona

Source: Social Sciences and Missions, Volume 21, Number 1, 2008 , pp.
73-96(24)

Publisher: BRILL

Abstract:
This article looks at two different missionary projects separated by =
space
and time: British Protestant missions to Ireland in the mid-nineteenth
century; and Irish Roman Catholic missions to Africa in the 1920 and =
1930s.
It argues that in both cases missionary discourses were strongly =
influenced
by prevailing public attitudes towards the 'other', in the earlier case =
the
Irish, in the later case, the Africans. Using evidence from a range of
contemporary mission publications, the article highlights the similarity
between British Protestant efforts to 'colonise' Ireland in religious =
terms
and later Irish Catholic attempts to create a 'Spiritual Empire' in =
Africa
in the context of the recently-formed Irish Free State and in contrast =
to
the ostensibly materialistic and corrupting influences on Africa of =
British
imperialism.

French
Cet article se penche sur deux projets missionnaires s=E9par=E9s dans le =
temps
et l'espace: les missions protestantes britanniques en Irlande au milieu =
du
19e si=E8cle, et les missions catholiques irlandaises en Afrique dans =
les
ann=E9es 1920-30. Il montre que, dans les deux cas, le discours =
missionnaire a
=E9t=E9 influenc=E9 par la fa=E7on dont le rapport =E0 l'=ABAutre,=BB =
qu'il soit irlandais
dans un cas ou africain dans l'autre, =E9tait g=E9n=E9ralement con=E7u. =
Par
l'analyse de nombreuses publications missionnaires, le texte r=E9v=E8le =
les
similarit=E9s existant entre les efforts des protestants britanniques =
pour
=ABcoloniser=BB religieusement l'Irlande et, plus tard, les efforts des
Catholiques irlandais pour cr=E9er un =ABEmpire spirituel=BB en Afrique =
dans le
contexte du nouvel Etat Libre d'Irlande et d'un d=E9sir de se distinguer =
des
influences mat=E9rialistes et n=E9fastes de l'imp=E9rialisme britannique =
en
Afrique.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article, The New Face of East-West Migration in Europe
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This article will interest a number of IR-D members - though Ireland is
mentioned only briefly.

What is particularly interesting for IR-d is the author's outline of what is
being studied, how it is being studied (methodological issues) and who is
studying it (career, finance and discipline issues).

P.O'S.

Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Volume 34 Issue 5 2008
The New Face of East-West Migration in Europe

The New Face of East-West Migration in Europe

Author: Adrian Favell - Adrian Favell is Associate Professor of Sociology at
UCLA
DOI: 10.1080/13691830802105947

Published in: journal Journal of Ethnic and Migration Studies, Volume 34,
Issue 5 July 2008 , pages 701 - 716
Subjects: Migration & Diaspora; Race & Ethnic Studies;
Formats available: HTML (English) : PDF (English)
Previously published as: New Community

Abstract
In order to contextualise the papers in this special issue, this paper
presents an overview and framework for understanding the importance of
East-West migration in Europe associated with the EU enlargement process.
The new patterns and forms of migration seen among East European migrants in
the West#8212in terms of circular and temporary free movement, informal
labour market incorporation, cultures of migration, transnational networks,
and other phenomena documented in the following papers#8212illustrate the
emergence of a new migration system in Europe. Textbook narratives, in terms
of standard accounts of immigration, integration and citizenship based on
models of post-colonial, guestworker and asylum migration, will need to be
rethought. One particularly fertile source for this is the large body of
theory and research developed in the study of Mexican-US migration, itself a
part of a regional integration process of comparative relevance to the new
European context. While the benefits of open migration from the East will
likely triumph over populist political hostility, it is a system that may
encourage an exploitative dual labour market for Eastern movers working in
the West, as well as encouraging a more effective racial or ethnically-based
closure to immigrants from South of the Mediterranean and further afield.

Keywords: European Union; Regional Integration; Labour Migration; Eastern
Europe; Migration Theory

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article, Status,
scale and secret ingredients: the retrospective invention of
London porter
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An exploration of the invention and exploiting of tradition. And perhaps
something for that special someone who needs a footnote on the connections
between black beer and Irishness...

P.O'S.

Status, scale and secret ingredients: the retrospective invention of London
porter
Author: James Sumner
DOI: 10.1080/07341510801900409
Publication Frequency: 4 issues per year
Published in: journal History and Technology, Volume 24, Issue 3 September
2008 , pages 289 - 306
Subject: History of Science & Technology;

Abstract
Porter, a dark style of beer that was the staple of London in the eighteenth
and nineteenth centuries, is conventionally addressed as a discrete
invention, suited to large-scale production, whose appearance led rapidly to
enclosure of the trade by a few industrial-scale producers. This paper by
contrast presents the capitalist industrialization of brewing as
co-extensive with, and reinforced by, the long-term emergence of a consensus
definition of porter; the invention story is a retrospective construct that
telescopes a century or more of technical change. Balancing established
economic accounts, I address the role of product identity as a rhetorical
device. London's greatest brewers were in part assisted in capturing smaller
competitors' trade by the enshrining of large-scale production as a 'secret
ingredient' in its own right, essential to the nature of the 'true' product.

Keywords: brewing/brewery; industrialization; invention

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article,
'Sinful Singleness'? Exploring the Discourses on Irish Single
Women's Emigration to England, 1922-1948
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'Sinful Singleness'? Exploring the Discourses on Irish Single Women's
Emigration to England, 1922-1948
Author: Jennifer Redmond

Published in: journal Women's History Review, Volume 17, Issue 3 July 2008 ,
pages 455 - 476
Subject: Women's & Gender History;

Abstract
In the interwar and immediate post-war years, the persistently high rates of
emigration by young, single Irish women gave rise to worries over their
moral and spiritual welfare. This was partly because of their assumed
extreme vulnerability as women coming from rural locations to the
metropolises of England. It seems that the combination of their singleness
and their gender was the prime reason for the concern evinced predominantly
by the Roman Catholic Church, but also by lay organisations and the Irish
governments. Multiple sources of danger for girls were perceived from their
journey 'across the water' to their places of employment, from which they
were in need of help and protection, if not prohibition. The majority of
pronouncements on the topic were negative towards women, but no equivalent
amount of concern was given to male migrants often of similar age and
background and who also migrated as single persons. Thus, singleness was a
gendered 'problem'. Whilst studies of Irish female emigrants have focused on
their experiences of being immigrants and their identity as white women who
are in Bronwen Walter's words 'outsiders inside', less attention has been
paid to ways in which their single status became a marker of concern over
morals and behaviour. Indeed, it is argued here that this was the particular
reason why such moralistic discourses existed. This article seeks to explore
some of the complexities of the public and private voices engaged in the
debates over whether single female emigration could be equated with sinful
behaviour and the gendered implications of migrants' marital status.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article, Redundancy, the 'Surplus Woman' Problem,
and the British Census, 1851-1861
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The Irish Famine is briefly mentioned, but only in the context of a general
discussion of the waxing and waning of the notion of 'surplus population' in
mid C19th Britain. Some Ir-D members will find that useful.

P.O'S.

Redundancy, the 'Surplus Woman' Problem, and the British Census, 1851-1861
Author: Kathrin Levitan (Show Biography)

Published in: journal Women's History Review, Volume 17, Issue 3 July 2008 ,
pages 359 - 376
Subject: Women's & Gender History;

Abstract
In 1851, a question about marital status on the British census sparked
concern about the decline of the family as the moral and reproductive basis
of British society, and triggered the debate about the 'surplus woman'
problem. The debate can usefully be viewed in the context of larger
nineteenth-century discourses about population, surplus, nation, and empire.
This article uses the background of the census in order to place the surplus
woman problem in such a larger context. The census, concerned as it was with
population, proportions of people, and national strength, allowed British
people to view single women who were not reproducing as one among many
unproductive groups within the nation.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Two book reviews
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Two book reviews of interest in the book section of last weekend=92s
Guardian...

1.
First, a further contribution to what we must now acknowledge as a =
genre,
the Irish in Britain Prevention of Terrorism Suspect Community
autobiography...

When justice fails
Ronan Bennett on the lessons of the Maguire family's arrest and =
imprisonment

Saturday June 28, 2008
The Guardian
My Father=92s Watch by Patrick Maguire with Carlo G=E9bler

Full text at
http://books.guardian.co.uk/departments/biography/story/0,,2287905,00.htm=
l

=91I started writing this as Parliament voted on whether to give the
government the power to detain people for 42 days. I hope the Labour MPs =
who
lined up behind Gordon Brown and Jacqui Smith had troubled themselves to
read My Father's Watch - the story of an innocent boy's arrest and
imprisonment. It's unlikely, of course...=92

=91...He was charged and convicted of a crime he not only didn't commit =
but
that was never actually committed: participation in running an alleged =
IRA
bomb factory in his west London home...=92

=91...The book is beautifully written. Credit must go to Patrick's
collaborator Carlo G=E9bler, the hallmark of whose work as a novelist is =
a
quiet emotionalism. G=E9bler's writing hasn't always been to my taste - =
I keep
hoping to turn the page and find a robustness that never materialises - =
but
his work here is stunning, his sensitivity particularly suited to the
impressionistic rendering of Patrick's childhood and the nightmare into
which the boy is plunged. It's not a happy story, but it is a necessary
one.=92

On the printed page this review is surrounded by reviews of books =
falling
within another emerging genre, the Guantanamo autobiography... The sub
editors have made a point. =20

2.
The wounded heart of Europe

Hermione Lee finds a haunting book about the uncertainty of identity =
oddly
consoling

Saturday June 28, 2008
The Guardian

Disguise
by Hugo Hamilton
263pp, Fourth Estate, =A312.99

=91Hugo Hamilton, an Irish novelist of great delicacy, originality and
thoughtfulness, now in his mid-50s, reached a wide audience with his
outstanding memoir/fiction, The Speckled People, in 2003. This told, as
through the eyes of a confused and observant child, the startling story =
of
his Dublin upbringing as the son of a tyrannical, nationalist,
Irish-speaking father and a peace-seeking exile from Nazi Germany. His
mother's German history has always haunted Hamilton, and his own =
peripatetic
life, which has moved between Berlin, Dublin and travels in Europe, has =
kept
drawing him back to the subject of the second world war, to postwar =
Germany,
and to themes of lost children, exiles, refugees, broken families and
separated lovers. More than one novel takes the form of a search for a
hidden past that will change whole lives in the present.=92

Full text at
http://books.guardian.co.uk/reviews/generalfiction/0,,2287983,00.html

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From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Book Review, Charles E. Orser Jr. (Ed) UNEARTHING HIDDEN IRELAND
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This review is from the Royal Society of Antiquaries of Ireland web site.

P.O'S.

Unearthing Hidden Ireland
Charles E. Orser Jr. (Ed)
UNEARTHING HIDDEN IRELAND: HISTORICAL ARCHAEOLOGY AT BALLYKILCLINE, CO.
ROSCOMMON
Wordwell, Bray, 2006. Pp. 260 + xiv. Price 40 Euro (hbk). ISBN
1-869857-94-1.


At first glance this book's prominent main title, Unearthing Hidden Ireland,
may lead one to believe it has a slightly larger scope than is actually the
case. In fact, as the subtitle makes clear, the primary subject of this book
is a discussion of the historical archaeology of one townland in Co.
Roscommon. Yet, as Orser points out in the preface, while the townland of
Ballykilcline is unique because of its political situation in respect of
daily life it was similar to hundreds of other townlands throughout Ireland.
In a way it is the mundane that is of interest here. We know little enough
about everyday life as experienced by the rural inhabitants of pre-famine
Ireland and this book makes a valiant effort to increase our knowledge of
this 'hidden' aspect of Irish life.

Excavations at Ballykilcline were carried out over five seasons from
1998-2002 as part of a research programme and archaeology field school
organised by Charles Orser from the University of Illinois. The results of
these excavations are presented here but in no way should this book be
mistaken for a simple excavation report. It is much more than that.
Unearthing Hidden Ireland tells the story of the tenants of Ballykilcline in
the decades before the famine up to their mass eviction in 1848. Comprising
eleven chapters with contributions by Stephen Brighton, Katherine Hull,
Jessica Levon White and David Ryder (although the majority of chapters are
by Hull and Orser), it combines extensive historical and geographical
research and archaeological evidence from similar excavations at Gorttoose
and Mulliviltrim in Co. Roscommon to create a wide-ranging context for the
discoveries at Ballykilcline.

In the preface Orser puts the work firmly within the bounds of
anthropologically informed historical archaeology (or as Orser calls it,
'modern-world archaeology') with an emphasis on the use of
trans-disciplinary evidence. This is perhaps a somewhat different approach
to what we are accustomed to in Irish post-medieval archaeology but the
theoretical and methodological stance is capably discussed and clearly
defined in the opening chapter. An engaging historical overview of the
townland is presented by Ryder and Orser in which the dire situation of the
tenants is contrasted with their gallant and intelligent attempts to avoid
eviction. The following four chapters, by Hull, Orser, Brighton and
Levon-White, deal with the excavations at Ballykilcline and discuss the
ceramics and other artefacts found. These chapters are very readable, well
informed with respect to theory and enhanced with interesting comparisons to
American research.

The archaeological findings, backed up by historical accounts, are used to
highlight the 'subtle nuances of daily life' and to challenge the insidious
and overly simplistic stereotype that the lives of ordinary people of this
period were wholly lacking in comfort and style or sunk in poverty and
gloom. This is demonstrated in the interesting chapter by Katherine Hull on
the role of women. At Ballykilcline each household had two sets of imported
English pottery one of which would probably have been kept for display or
best use on a kitchen dresser. The household, and specifically the woman of
the house, was in touch with the styles of the wider world and was clearly
not averse to buying imported English goods brought to the remote parts of
Ireland by travelling pedlars. The discovery of a thimble inscribed "forget
me not" suggests romance as well as style. The social significance of
artefacts is not forgotten in these chapters and the role of physical
artefacts (especially ceramics) in mediating social relations and class
structure is carefully examined.

Irish tenant agriculture is well covered in the following chapter (by Hull)
and once again the situation at Ballykilcline is contextualised in the wider
political and agricultural conditions of the time, although the lack of any
reference to John Feehan's comprehensive Farming in Ireland: History,
Heritage and Environment (2003, UCD) is a noticeable omission. Between 1847
and 1848 almost the entire population of Ballykilcline was evicted after a
long running rent strike. The cabins were levelled and the inhabitants
departed for good. This, rather abrupt, eviction and site abandonment is
discussed by Orser with the aid of artefact density and distribution
analysis. The authors could have been forgiven for concluding the book at
this point but instead there follows an informative chapter (by Brighton) on
the Irish Diaspora and the economic, political and social challenges that
faced the emigrating Irish when they reached America.

One thing that becomes clear while reading Unearthing Hidden Ireland is the
excellent integration of historical and archaeological evidence, which
results in a pleasantly readable book. Detailed and clear background
information is given, e.g. on the development of the English pottery
industry - which sets the archaeological findings in context. The style is
clear and readable with some chapters likely to be quite accessible to the
general reader. In addition, the work is generally very well referenced and
contains an extensive and neatly presented bibliography which should be of
great interest to anyone involved in Irish historical archaeology.
Photographs and artefact drawings are of good quality and the colour photos
perfectly illustrate the colourful glazes of many of the ceramics. Maps,
plans and other illustrations are generally of good quality, although there
is a slight lack of overall consistency and one site plan is erroneously
duplicated (fig. 3.6) with the consequent omission of the plan it takes the
place of (fig. 3.4). Overall this is a well written and attractively
presented book that is of significant relevance to historical archaeology in
Ireland and is recommended to anyone involved in post-medieval archaeology
or interested in nineteenth-century Irish life.

Robin Turk

SOURCE
http://www.rsai.ie/index.cfm?action=obj.display&obj_id=177

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article,
Sara Ruddick's Theory of Maternal Thinking Applied To Traditional
Irish Mothering
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A number of scholars are using Sara Ruddick's work, as a way of - so to
speak - unpacking the practices of mothering.

The original essay is
Ruddick, Sara. "Maternal Thinking." In Mothering: Essays in Feminist Theory,
edited by Joyce Trebilcot, 213-230. Totowa: Rowman and Allenheld, 1983.

There is a NY Times review of the book, Maternal Thinking, on

http://query.nytimes.com/gst/fullpage.html?res=950DE2D7153EF933A25756C0A96F9
48260

There is an article which refers to Ruddick and discusses C17th women's
texts, on the Literary Mama web site
http://www.literarymama.com/litcriticism/

A web search will find more.

P.O'S.


Journal of Family History, Vol. 33, No. 3, 304-315 (2008)
DOI: 10.1177/0363199008318918
C 2008 SAGE Publications
Sara Ruddick's Theory of Maternal Thinking Applied To Traditional Irish
Mothering
Polly F. Radosh

Western Illinois University

This paper uses Sara Ruddick's theory of maternal thinking to explain
patterns of Irish mothering that developed in Ireland following the Great
Famine of 1845-1852. Ruddick's central thesis, that maternal thinking
develops strategies for preserving the life of the child, fostering the
child's growth, and shaping an acceptable child, is applied to the
intersecting influences of famine memory, religion, education, and
emigration in post-famine Ireland. The strict, moralistic, and highly
inhibiting features of Irish culture that dominated the nineteenth and
twentieth centuries are traceable to patterns of mothering that developed
after the famine. While Irish mothers are often blamed for instilling values
that stressed sexual repression and guilt, other cultural factors influenced
maternal thinking. Mothers did foster highly repressive moral values that
encouraged permanent celibacy and delayed marriage. This paper examines the
larger cultural features that derived from political oppression and the
famine as they imprinted these values.

Key Words: Irish mothers . Sara Ruddick . maternal thinking . Irish culture
. Irish famine

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article, PAUL O'LEARY,
Mass commodity culture and identity: the Morning Chronicle and
Irish migrants in a nineteenth-century Welsh industrial town
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Urban History (2008), 35:237-254 Cambridge University Press
Copyright C Cambridge University Press 2008
doi:10.1017/S0963926808005476

Research Article
Mass commodity culture and identity: the Morning Chronicle and Irish
migrants in a nineteenth-century Welsh industrial town
PAUL O'LEARYa1*
a1 Department of History and Welsh History, Aberystwyth University,
Aberystwyth, SY23 3DY

The 'Labour and the Poor' investigations of the Morning Chronicle newspaper,
which charted social conditions in towns outside London in 1849-51,
subjected Irish migrants in Britain to a hostile journalistic gaze. In the
case of the iron-manufacturing town of Merthyr Tydfil in south Wales, the
minority Irish ethnic identity was defined by observers in terms of
exclusion from an emerging mass commodity culture and in opposition to the
native working class. This early investigative journalism deployed some
conventions of the contemporary novel that were familiar to its mainly
middle-class readership to root social identities in material conditions.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article, Spelling,
accent and identity in computer-mediated communication
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The Irish element is only a small part of this article. But a number of
Ir-D members will find this article useful - first in its discussion of what
Sebba calls 'rebellion spelling' (for example, 'skool'), and then in its
listing of the spelling devices people have used on the web to signal an
Irish accent.

P.O'S.

English Today (2008), 24:42-49 Cambridge University Press
Copyright C Cambridge University Press 2008
doi:10.1017/S0266078408000199

Original Article
Spelling, accent and identity in computer-mediated communication
Philip Shaw


An analysis of home page spellings in relation to the accents they evoke.
One of the most obvious developments connected with modern electronic
communication is the opening up of an area of publicly visible language from
what Sebba (2003a) calls the partially regulated zone of spelling. This zone
appears in such synchronous media as instant messaging, chatrooms and ICQ
('I seek you') and asynchronous ones including SMS text messages, blogs,
email and homepages.

BIODATA

Philip Shaw is a professor in the English Department of Stockholm
University.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article, Foreign Fields and Foreigners on the Field: Irish Sport,
Inclusion and Assimilation
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Foreign Fields and Foreigners on the Field: Irish Sport, Inclusion and
Assimilation
Authors: Mike Cronin a; David Doyle b; Liam O'Callaghan c
Affiliations: a Boston College,
b NUI Galway,
c Leeds Metropolitan University,

DOI: 10.1080/09523360802106754
Publication Frequency: 14 issues per year
Published in: journal International Journal of the History of Sport, Volume
25, Issue 8 July 2008 , pages 1010 - 1030
Subjects: Sports History; World/International History;

Abstract
This article explores how Ireland, a country whose history was dominated by
emigration, found a place on the global sporting map. The article traces the
spread of the global Irish and argues that the tradition of the Irish abroad
was to assimilate through sport rather than seek sporting exclusivity. The
complexity surrounding Irish and diaspora identities is illustrated through
an examination of Irish sporting involvement in international events. The
article moves on to discuss how recent trends of inward migration have
affected the Irish sporting stage. It shows how rugby, a game of recent
professionalism, brought the first sporting imports to Ireland, and how
these individuals were culturally repositioned as local rather than
immigrant. The article closes by arguing that while the 'new' Irish are
being assimilated by being included in traditional, indigenous Irish sports,
the same process has not been apparent, in the years of the Northern Ireland
peace process, with respect to the Unionist and Protestant community.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: "MacEinri, Piaras"
Subject: Re: Article,
Foreign Fields and Foreigners on the Field: Irish Sport,
Inclusion and Assimilation
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Dear Patrick,

I look forward to reading this article, on a topic of growing interest.

It seems to me that there are particularly interesting challenges, as =
well as potentially contradictory discourses, in the case of the GAA =
(Gaelic Athletic Association, the largest amateur sporting organisation, =
per capita, anywhere).=20

The GAA has become (one would have said against all odds) a cultural =
phenomenon of growing importance to many Irish migrants notably in =
'non-traditional' destinations - various parts of Asia and continental =
Europe are experiencing a rapid growth in interest even though one needs =
to keep a perspective in terms of absolute numbers, which remain modest. =
Necessarily, in places like Shanghai and Budapest, there also has to be =
an active outreach to other migrants and indigenous players, or teams =
could not find the numbers and supporters. I met the chairperson of the =
Barcelona Gaels at a conference last year; most of the players are =
Catalan.=20

Back in Ireland, the GAA has positioned itself adroitly as an =
organisation which has wide appeal for new migrants. This is beginning =
to pay off. Up to now there have been extremely few foreign or mixed =
ethnicity players in the higher ranks of the game - local Cork star =
Se=E1n =D3g =D3 hAilp=EDn (Australian born to a mother from the Fiji =
Islands and a father from Fermanagh - as has been pointed out neither =
of these places is noted for hurling) is the exception. But there is now =
a rising generation of Polish, Nigerian and other children, notably in =
the Dublin clubs. Within the next ten years it is inevitable that a =
significant cohort of Black, Asian and East European GAA stars will =
emerge. GAA President Nicky Brennan has been welcoming and canny in =
addressing the exciting opportunities which this presents.

And yet, and yet. The GAA is one of the very touchstones of an =
essentialising late 19th century Irish nationalist discourse and was in =
many cases, notably in the North, seen, rightly or wrongly, as the =
sporting wing of militant republicanism =96 hence the coolness between =
the GAA and Unionism (although PSNI/Garda fixtures are now a regular =
event). Just as importantly, its very success in Ireland is due to its =
intimate associations with the specificities of place and people =96 =
there is an almost atavistic loyalty to club and county (never mind that =
the latter were an English import). The town of Ballaghdereen was =
transferred from County Mayo to County Roscommon back in the 19th =
century, but the local GAA team is still in Mayo! It was also a very =
gendered world =96 De Valera=92s =91contests of study youths=92 were =
more than a figure of speech and in the traditional world of the GAA the =
women were there to make the tea and sandwiches. This is changing =96 =
women=92s GAA football (they still call them =91ladies=92) is the =
fastest growing sport in the country.

One of our MA students is a camogie (women=92s hurling) coach here in =
Cork and she is carrying out her research on the issue of how welcoming =
local GAA clubs are towards migrants. Initial indications are that a =
warm welcome is far from being a foregone conclusion, but her work is at =
an early stage.

best

Piaras

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Patrick O'Sullivan
Subject: Article,
Between Ethnic Separation and Assimilation: German Immigrants and
their Athletic Endeavours in their New American Home Country
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On a train of thought, and on the general point, this article is also worth
looking at... I guess that the sports historians will already have taken it
on board, avid readers of the International Journal of the History of Sport.

The Irish are mentioned, in the context of links between Americanisation,
ethnicity and sport - the article goes on to look at the specificities of
the turner, Turnvereins, movement.

P.O'S.

Between Ethnic Separation and Assimilation: German Immigrants and their
Athletic Endeavours in their New American Home Country
Author: Annette R. Hofmann a
Affiliation: a University of Muumlnster, Germany
DOI: 10.1080/09523360802106739
Publication Frequency: 14 issues per year
Published in: journal International Journal of the History of Sport, Volume
25, Issue 8 July 2008 , pages 993 - 1009
Subjects: Sports History; World/International History;

Abstract
Historically, much of nineteenth and early twentieth century American sport
was 'ethnic based'. Theoretical thoughts on ethnicity and assimilation will
be introduced, along with a brief overview of the limited research on ethnic
sports of the European-American population. This article addresses the
German-American sporting experience. Due to its success during its first
decades of existence, the Turner movement receives detailed attention before
the focus shifts to the Buffalo Germans, a well-known basketball team in the
early 1900s. The turners exemplify the multiple ways physical culture or
sport aided in the socialization and assimilation processes of German
immigrants, while still allowing them to retain their ethnic identity.

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: Carmel McCaffrey
Subject: Re: Article,
Foreign Fields and Foreigners on the Field: Irish Sport,
Inclusion and Assimilation
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Piaras,
I may be the only one of the list who played camogie back in the day so
let me relate some experiences of how some Irish schools treated it. I
went to a school that was very much in the older "Anglo" tradition and
camogie was frowned upon by the school authorities. The hockey pitch
standing on proud display in the front of the school was tended to every
day by gardeners. The pitch was rolled flat and well kept. The same
for the tennis courts.

The camogie pitch on the other hand was just a field at the rear of the
school that the girls who opted to play had been given to use - on the
school premises but otherwise ignored. The local GAA suppled a coach at
their expense. On the other hand, the school paid the hockey coach who
was the school "sports mistress." . The GAA also at their expense put
posts up in the field for us. Camogie struggled to become part of the
girls' schools system in Dublin, especially those schools that clung to
an older tradition. The GAA was there to support those of us who wanted
to play and they formed school leagues for us also.

I chose to play because at age 12 I was already deeply aware of the
seemingly ineradicable nature and superior footing given to the Anglo
culture in Dublin. The GAA seemed to give us something that we could
better relate to. Or that is certainly how it felt at the time. That it
might now be trying to guard its principles or suspicious of attack on
them does not surprise me. It will be interesting to see how it all
develops. I was skeptical to read recently that one club was allowing
women to wear burkas playing the game. Can't even imagine trying to do
that! It is a much more physical game than hockey - none of that can't
lift the hockey stick beyond whatever nonsense. Great memories!

Carmel

MacEinri, Piaras wrote:
> Dear Patrick,
>
> I look forward to reading this article, on a topic of growing interest.
>
> One of our MA students is a camogie (women's hurling) coach here in Cork and she is carrying out her research on the issue of how welcoming local GAA clubs are towards migrants. Initial indications are that a warm welcome is far from being a foregone conclusion, but her work is at an early stage.
>
> best
>
> Piaras
>
> .
>
>

Sender: The Irish Diaspora Studies List
From: D C Rose
Organization: THE OSCHOLARS
Subject: On change
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I have been thinking over many of the points raised in recent messages =
about revisionist history, fluid identities, the new Irish and so on, =
and trying to make connections. As for revisionism, speaking as an =
ex-historian, all history has been and should be revisionist: when it =
moved from hearsay and tradition based to document based; when it was =
re-interpreted by Marxists, feminists, structuralists, cliometricians, =
the Annales school and so on.

=20

If Catholic Ireland is dead and gone, and if one believes that a good =
thing too, how does that affect our view of those who fought to make =
Ireland Catholic? If we reverence those who fought for an Irish =
identity (the literary nationalists) and freedom (Ireland not only free =
but Gaelic), how do we 'revise' our opinion in the light of to-day's =
Ireland? Relevant or obsolete? If you are an Irishman of pure Polish =
or Nigerian descent, what does '98 mean to you? If the necessity was to =
de-Anglicise Ireland, what is to-day's equivalent, if any, of that? The =
necessity to de-Disneyfy St Patrick's Day? =20

=20

Fijians playing the Gaelic game are surely playing it just as a game, =
not as some reiteration of the GAA founding ideals? I don't suppose =
Fijians who play rugger read Tom Brown's Schooldays. Why is cricket =
despised in Ireland and the national game in India?=20

=20

Forgive the rather rambling nature of these reflections; but perhaps =
they cannot have any other nature.



David Rose, Paris